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Tao X, Wan Y, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Yu X, Wang M. Facile Synthesis and Properties of Highly Porous Quartz Fiber-Reinforced Phenolic Resin Composites with High Strength. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2486. [PMID: 38893751 PMCID: PMC11173231 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Lightweight and high-strength insulation materials have important application prospects in the aerospace, metallurgical, and nuclear industries. In this study, a highly porous silica fiber reinforced phenolic resin matrix composite was prepared by vacuum impregnation and atmospheric drying using quartz fiber needled felt as reinforcement and anhydrous ethanol as a pore-making agent. The effects of curing agent content on the structure, composition, density, and thermal conductivity of the composite were studied. The mechanical properties of the composite in the xy direction and z direction were analyzed. The results showed that this process can also produce porous phenolic resin (PR) with a density as low as 0.291 g/cm3, where spherical phenolic resin particles are interconnected to form a porous network structure with a particle size of about 5.43 μm. The fiber-reinforced porous PR had low density (0.372~0.397 g/cm3) and low thermal conductivity (0.085~0.095 W/m·K). The spherical phenolic resin particles inside the composite were well combined with the fiber at the interface and uniformly distributed in the fiber lap network. The composite possessed enhanced mechanical properties with compressive strength of 3.5-5.1 MPa in the xy direction and appeared as gradual compaction rather than destruction as the strain reached 30% in the z direction. This research provides a lightweight and high-strength insulation material with a simple preparation process and excellent performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tao
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, 2898 Jinbei Road, Tianjin 300300, China; (X.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Yange Wan
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- Aviation Engineering Institute, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, 2898 Jinbei Road, Tianjin 300300, China; (X.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, 2898 Jinbei Road, Tianjin 300300, China; (X.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Xiaolei Yu
- Dezhou Zhongke New Materials Co., Ltd., Dezhou 253011, China
| | - Mingchao Wang
- College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, 2898 Jinbei Road, Tianjin 300300, China; (X.T.); (M.W.)
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Chaves NO, Lima LS, Monteiro MDS, Sobrinho RAL, Ferreira NS, Ramos GQ, da Fonseca Filho HD, Oliveira RMPB, Matos RS. Associating Physical and Photocatalytic Properties of Recyclable and Reusable Blast Furnace Dust Waste. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:818. [PMID: 38399069 PMCID: PMC10889973 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Blast furnace dust waste (BFDW) proved efficient as a photocatalyst for the decolorization of methylene blue (MB) dye in water. Structural analysis unequivocally identified α-Fe2O3 as the predominant phase, constituting approximately 92%, with a porous surface showcasing unique 10-30 nm agglomerated nanoparticles. Chemical and thermal analyses indicated surface-bound water and carbonate molecules, with the main phase's thermal stability up to 900 °C. Electrical conductivity analysis revealed charge transfer resistance values of 616.4 Ω and electrode resistance of 47.8 Ω. The Mott-Schottky analysis identified α-Fe2O3 as an n-type semiconductor with a flat band potential of 0.181 V vs. Ag/AgCl and a donor density of 1.45 × 1015 cm-3. The 2.2 eV optical bandgap and luminescence stem from α-Fe2O3 and weak ferromagnetism arises from structural defects and surface effects. With a 74% photocatalytic efficiency, stable through three photodegradation cycles, BFDW outperforms comparable waste materials in MB degradation mediated by visible light. The elemental trapping experiment exposed hydroxyl radicals (OH•) and superoxide anions (O2-•) as the primary species in the photodegradation process. Consequently, iron oxide-based BFDW emerges as an environmentally friendly alternative for wastewater treatment, underscoring the pivotal role of its unique physical properties in the photocatalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayane O. Chaves
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (P2CEM), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão 49100-000, SE, Brazil; (N.O.C.); (R.M.P.B.O.)
| | - Lucas S. Lima
- Laboratory of Corrosion and Nanotechnology (LCNT), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão 49100-000, SE, Brazil; (L.S.L.); (M.D.S.M.)
| | - Michael D. S. Monteiro
- Laboratory of Corrosion and Nanotechnology (LCNT), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão 49100-000, SE, Brazil; (L.S.L.); (M.D.S.M.)
| | - Raimundo A. L. Sobrinho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of Santa Cruz, Rod. Jorge Amado, Km 16—Salobrinho, Ilhéus 45662-900, BA, Brazil;
| | - Nilson S. Ferreira
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão 49100-000, SE, Brazil;
| | - Glenda Q. Ramos
- Centro Multiusuário para Análise de Fenômenos Biomédicos, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69410-000, AM, Brazil;
| | - Henrique D. da Fonseca Filho
- Laboratory of Synthesis of Nanomaterials and Nanoscopy (LSNN), Physics Department, Federal University of Amazonas-UFAM, Manaus 69077-000, AM, Brazil;
| | - Rosane M. P. B. Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (P2CEM), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão 49100-000, SE, Brazil; (N.O.C.); (R.M.P.B.O.)
| | - Robert S. Matos
- Amazonian Materials Group, Federal University of Amapá (UNIFAP), Macapá 68911-477, AP, Brazil
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Preparation of Isotropic Carbon Fibers from Kerosene-Purified Coal Tar Pitch by Co-Carbonization with Pyrolysis Fuel Oil. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216280. [PMID: 34771811 PMCID: PMC8585318 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An inexpensive and general-purpose carbon fiber was prepared using coal tar pitch. In contrast to the solvent extraction process employing expensive solvents, a low-cost centrifugal separation method facilitated the reduction of loss due to the pitch purification and an overall yield increase. The coal tar pitch purified by centrifugation and subsequently co-carbonized with pyrolysis fuel oil improved in spinnability. Moreover, the resulting spinnable pitch had a softening point of 250 °C. The obtained carbon fibers were heat-treated at 1000 °C for 5 min, resulting in a tensile strength of approximately 1000 MPa and an average diameter of 9 μm. In this study, we present an effective method for obtaining low-cost general-purpose isotropic carbon fibers.
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