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Du W, Song B, Huang X, Chen G. Property of Modified Bovine Bone Glue as an Environmental Additive in Water-Based Drilling Fluids. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:16792-16799. [PMID: 38617671 PMCID: PMC11007776 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
At present, animal bone glue (BG) is being widely used in many fields, but there are no studies reported on oilfield chemistry. In this paper, an environmental water-based drilling fluids additive named bromoethane-modified bone glue (BG) was developed by using bovine bone glue and bromoethane as raw materials, anhydrous ethanol as solvent, sodium hydroxide as alkaline hydrolysis agent, and sodium carbonate as a system pH regulator. The inhibition, filtration performance, and temperature resistance of BG were evaluated. Performance study results show that the linear swelling rate of sodium bentonite (Na-MMT) was decreased from 50.2% (in tap water) to 38.2% (in 4 wt % BG solutions), and filtration loss was reduced from 30 mL (in tap water) to 12 mL (in 5 wt % BG). Hot-rolling experiments show that the BG solution still exhibits good performance even after 16 h × 130 °C. The reasons for BG to achieve excellent performance were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), ζ potential, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and microstructure. The results of SEM and FT-IR show that BG can fully dissolve in water and adsorb on the surface of clay particles by relying on its own adsorption functional groups such as -OH and -COOH. When 4% BG was added, ζ potential analysis revealed that the clay particle size declined by 0.502 μm, which indicated that BG can inhibit clay hydration swelling dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Du
- Shaanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir
Protection Technology of Oilfields, Shaanxi University Engineering
Research Center of Oil and Gas Field Chemistry, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
- Shandong
Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry, China
University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Bingqian Song
- Shaanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir
Protection Technology of Oilfields, Shaanxi University Engineering
Research Center of Oil and Gas Field Chemistry, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Xianbin Huang
- Shandong
Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry, China
University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Shaanxi
Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir
Protection Technology of Oilfields, Shaanxi University Engineering
Research Center of Oil and Gas Field Chemistry, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
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Ali I, Ahmad M, Ridha S, Iferobia CC, Lashari N. Enhancing drilling mud performance through CMITS-modified formulations: rheological insights and performance optimization. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32904-32917. [PMID: 38025871 PMCID: PMC10630931 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06008j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of deep well drilling, the addition of functionalized additives into mud systems becomes imperative due to the adverse impact of elevated borehole temperatures and salts on conventional additives, causing them to compromise their intrinsic functionalities. Numerous biomaterials have undergone modifications and have been evaluated in drilling muds. However, the addition of dually modified tapioca starch in bentonite-free mud systems remains a notable gap within the existing literature. This study aims to examine the performance of dually modified carboxymethyl irradiated tapioca starch (CMITS) under high temperature and salt-containing conditions employing central composite design approach; the study evaluates the modified starch's impact on mud rheology, thermal stability, and salt resistance. The findings indicated that higher DS (0.66) and CMITS concentrations (8 ppb) improved plastic viscosity (PV), yield point (YP) and gel strength (GS), while increased salt and temperature decreased it, demonstrating the complex interplay of these factors on mud rheology. The developed empirical models suggested that DS 0.66 starch addition enhanced rheology, especially at elevated temperatures, demonstrating improved borehole cleaning potential, supported by quadratic model performance indicators in line with American Petroleum Institute (API) ranges. The optimized samples showed a non-Newtonian behavior, and Power-law model fitting yields promising results for improved cuttings transportation with starch additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imtiaz Ali
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Seri Iskandar 32610 Perak Malaysia
- Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering, BUITEMS Pakistan
| | - Maqsood Ahmad
- Department of Geosciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Seri Iskandar 32610 Perak Malaysia
| | - Syahrir Ridha
- Institute of Hydrocarbon Recovery, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Seri Iskandar 32610 Perak Malaysia
| | - Cajetan Chimezie Iferobia
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Seri Iskandar 32610 Perak Malaysia
| | - Najeebullah Lashari
- Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Dawood University of Engineering & Technology M. A. Jinnah Road Karachi 74800 Pakistan
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Lv K, Du H, Sun J, Huang X, Shen H. A Thermal-Responsive Zwitterionic Polymer Gel as a Filtrate Reducer for Water-Based Drilling Fluids. Gels 2022; 8:gels8120832. [PMID: 36547357 PMCID: PMC9777744 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is crucial to address the performance deterioration of water-based drilling fluids (WDFs) in situations of excessive salinity and high temperature while extracting deep oil and gas deposits. The focus of research in the area of drilling fluid has always been on filter reducers that are temperature and salt resistant. In this study, a copolymer gel (PAND) was synthesized using acrylamide, N-isopropyl acrylamide, and 3-dimethyl (methacryloyloxyethyl) ammonium propane sulfonate through free-radical polymerization. The copolymer gel was then studied using FTIR, NMR, TGA, and element analysis. The PAND solution demonstrated temperature and salt stimulus response characteristics on rheology because of the hydrophobic association effect of temperature-sensitive monomers and the anti-polyelectrolyte action of zwitterionic monomers. Even in conditions with high temperatures (180 °C) and high salinities (30 wt% NaCl solution), the water-based drilling fluid with 1 wt% PAND displayed exceptional rheological and filtration properties. Zeta potential and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the mechanism of filtration reduction. The results indicated that PAND could enhance bentonite particle colloidal stability, prevent bentonite particle aggregation, and form a compact mud cake, all of which are crucial for reducing the filtration volume of water-based drilling fluid. The PAND exhibit excellent potential for application in deep and ultra-deep drilling engineering, and this research may offer new thoughts on the use of zwitterionic polymer gel in the development of smart water-based drilling fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihe Lv
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Hongyan Du
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jinsheng Sun
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xianbin Huang
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Haokun Shen
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas, Development Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266580, China
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Optimization of High Temperature-Resistant Modified Starch Polyamine Anti-Collapse Water-Based Drilling Fluid System for Deep Shale Reservoir. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248936. [PMID: 36558075 PMCID: PMC9785735 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During drilling in deep shale gas reservoirs, drilling fluid losses, hole wall collapses, and additional problems occur frequently due to the development of natural fractures in the shale formation, resulting in a high number of engineering accidents such as drilling fluid leaks, sticking, mud packings, and buried drilling tools. Moreover, the horizontal section of horizontal well is long (about 1500 m), and the problems of friction, rock carrying, and reservoir pollution are extremely prominent. The performance of drilling fluids directly affects drilling efficiency, the rate of engineering accidents, and the reservoir protection effect. In order to overcome the problems of high filtration in deep shale formations, collapse of borehole walls, sticking of pipes, mud inclusions, etc., optimization studies of water-based drilling fluid systems have been conducted with the primary purpose of controlling the rheology and water loss of drilling fluid. The experimental evaluation of the adsorption characteristics of "KCl + polyamine" anti-collapse inhibitor on the surface of clay particles and its influence on the morphology of bentonite was carried out, and the mechanism of inhibiting clay mineral hydration expansion was discussed. The idea of controlling the rheology and water loss of drilling fluid with high temperature resistant modified starch and strengthening the inhibition performance of drilling fluid with "KCl + polyamine" was put forward, and a high temperature-resistant modified starch polyamine anti-sloughing drilling fluid system with stable performance and strong plugging and strong inhibition was optimized. The temperature resistance of the optimized water-based drilling fluid system can reach 180 °C. Applied to on-site drilling of deep shale gas horizontal wells, it effectively reduces the rate of complex accidents such as sticking, mud bagging, and reaming that occur when resistance is encountered during shale formation drilling. The time for a single well to trip when encountering resistance decreases from 2-3 d in the early stages to 3-10 h. The re-use rate of the second spudded slurry is 100 percent, significantly reducing the rate of complex drilling accidents and saving drilling costs. It firmly supports the optimal and rapid construction of deep shale gas horizontal wells.
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Jie F, Xu L, Xu J, Huang M, Xu M, Lei Q. Research on Reservoir Drill-in and Completion Fluid with Unique Direct Backflow Property for Gravel-Packed Openhole Construction. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-022-07399-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ali I, Ahmad M, Ganat T. Experimental Study of Bentonite-Free Water Based Mud Reinforced with Carboxymethylated Tapioca Starch: Rheological Modeling and Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193320. [PMID: 34641136 PMCID: PMC8512840 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Drilling mud’s rheological characteristics, such as plastic viscosity and yield point, are adversely affected with an inappropriate mud formulation. Native starch is one of the most important components in water-based mud because it improves the rheological and filtration characteristics of the mud. The native starch stability under various temperature and exposure time regimes is an important concern for utilizing starch in oil and gas drilling operations. In this work, tapioca starch was modified using carboxymethylation for the first time in order to improve its performance in non-damaging water-based muds. The modified starch was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The thermal stability was tested using thermal gravimetric analysis. Various mud blends were formulated based on the experimental design using response surface methodology (RSM) to investigate their performance at various temperature conditions. Thirty experimental runs were carried out based on the selected factors and responses considering the optimal (custom) design, and the results were analyzed through ANOVA. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction results confirmed the carboxymethylation of starch. The TGA analysis revealed strong thermal stability after modification. Additionally, the Power law model (PLM) described the obtained rheological data for the selected formulations, resulting in determination coefficients of more than 0.95. Furthermore, the examined samples showed a reduction in the flow behavior index from 0.30 to 0.21 and an increase in the consistency index from 5.6 to 15.1. Optimization and confirmation results revealed the adequacy of the generated empirical models for both plastic viscosity and yield point. The obtained consistency index values provided a direct relationship with the modified starch concentration, indicating an improvement in the cutting carrying capacity of mud. Based on the current literature survey, the studied formulation has not been reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imtiaz Ali
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
- Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering, BUITEMS, Quetta 87300, Balochistan, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (I.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Maqsood Ahmad
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (I.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Tarek Ganat
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman;
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Zhu W, Zheng X, Shi J, Wang Y. Grafted Starch Foam Stabilizer ESt‐g‐NAA for High‐Temperature Resistant CGA Drilling Fluid via Inverse Emulsion Polymerization. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Zhu
- School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 P. R. China
| | - Xiuhua Zheng
- School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Shi
- School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 P. R. China
| | - Yifan Wang
- School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 P. R. China
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Physicochemical Properties of Sago Ozone Oxidation: The Effect of Reaction Time, Acidity, and Concentration of Starch. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061309. [PMID: 34200263 PMCID: PMC8228979 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The disadvantageous properties of sago starch has limited its application in food and industrial processes. The properties of sago starch can be improved by changing its physicochemical and rheological characteristics. This study examined the influence of reaction time, acidity, and starch concentration on the oxidation of sago starch with ozone, a strong oxidant. Swelling, solubility, carbonyl, carboxyl, granule morphology, thermal profile, and functional groups are comprehensively observed parameters. With starch concentrations of 10–30% (v/w) and more prolonged oxidation, sago starch was most soluble at pH 10. The swelling power decreased with a longer reaction time, reaching the lowest pH 10. In contrast, the carbonyl and carboxyl content exhibited the same pattern as solubility. A more alkaline environment tended to create modified starch with more favorable properties. Over time, oxidation shows more significant characteristics, indicating a superb product of this reaction. At the starch concentration of 20%, modified sago starch with the most favorable properties was created. When compared to modified starch, native starch is generally shaped in a more oval and irregular manner. Additionally, native starch and modified starch had similar spectral patterns and identical X-ray diffraction patterns. Meanwhile, oxidized starch had different gelatinization and retrogradation temperatures to those of the native starch.
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