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Liu H, Lu HH, Alp Y, Wu R, Thayumanavan S. Structural Determinants of Stimuli-Responsiveness in Amphiphilic Macromolecular Nano-assemblies. Prog Polym Sci 2024; 148:101765. [PMID: 38476148 PMCID: PMC10927256 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive nano-assemblies from amphiphilic macromolecules could undergo controlled structural transformations and generate diverse macroscopic phenomenon under stimuli. Due to the controllable responsiveness, they have been applied for broad material and biomedical applications, such as biologics delivery, sensing, imaging, and catalysis. Understanding the mechanisms of the assembly-disassembly processes and structural determinants behind the responsive properties is fundamentally important for designing the next generation of nano-assemblies with programmable responsiveness. In this review, we focus on structural determinants of assemblies from amphiphilic macromolecules and their macromolecular level alterations under stimuli, such as the disruption of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), depolymerization, decrosslinking, and changes of molecular packing in assemblies, which eventually lead to a series of macroscopic phenomenon for practical purposes. Applications of stimuli-responsive nano-assemblies in delivery, sensing and imaging were also summarized based on their structural features. We expect this review could provide readers an overview of the structural considerations in the design and applications of nanoassemblies and incentivize more explorations in stimuli-responsive soft matters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Hung-Hsun Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Yasin Alp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ruiling Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - S. Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Yadav S, Ramesh K, Reddy OS, Karthika V, Kumar P, Jo SH, Yoo SII, Park SH, Lim KT. Redox-Responsive Comparison of Diselenide and Disulfide Core-Cross-Linked Micelles for Drug Delivery Application. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041159. [PMID: 37111644 PMCID: PMC10144204 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, diselenide (Se–Se) and disulfide (S–S) redox-responsive core-cross-linked (CCL) micelles were synthesized using poly(ethylene oxide)2k-b-poly(furfuryl methacrylate)1.5k (PEO2k-b-PFMA1.5k), and their redox sensitivity was compared. A single electron transfer-living radical polymerization technique was used to prepare PEO2k-b-PFMA1.5k from FMA monomers and PEO2k-Br initiators. An anti-cancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), was incorporated into PFMA hydrophobic parts of the polymeric micelles, which were then cross-linked with maleimide cross-linkers, 1,6-bis(maleimide) hexane, dithiobis(maleimido) ethane and diselenobis(maleimido) ethane via Diels–Alder reaction. Under physiological conditions, the structural stability of both S–S and Se–Se CCL micelles was maintained; however, treatments with 10 mM GSH induced redox-responsive de-cross-linking of S–S and Se–Se bonds. In contrast, the S–S bond was intact in the presence of 100 mM H2O2, while the Se–Se bond underwent de-crosslinking upon the treatment. DLS studies revealed that the size and PDI of (PEO2k-b-PFMA1.5k-Se)2 micelles varied more significantly in response to changes in the redox environment than (PEO2k-b-PFMA1.5k-S)2 micelles. In vitro release studies showed that the developed micelles had a lower drug release rate at pH 7.4, whereas a higher release was observed at pH 5.0 (tumor environment). The micelles were non-toxic against HEK-293 normal cells, which revealed that they could be safe for use. Nevertheless, DOX-loaded S–S/Se–Se CCL micelles exhibited potent cytotoxicity against BT-20 cancer cells. Based on these results, the (PEO2k-b-PFMA1.5k-Se)2 micelles can be more sensitive drug carriers than (PEO2k-b-PFMA1.5k-S)2 micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonyabapu Yadav
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kalyan Ramesh
- R&D Center, Devens Lab, SEQENS (CDMO) Pharmaceutical Solutions, Devens, MA 01434, USA
| | - Obireddy Sreekanth Reddy
- Major of Display Semiconductor Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Viswanathan Karthika
- Major of Display Semiconductor Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Major of Display Semiconductor Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Han Jo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong II Yoo
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyug Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Taek Lim
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- Major of Display Semiconductor Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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Gebrie HT, Addisu KD, Darge HF, Birhan YS, Thankachan D, Tsai HC, Wu SY. pH/redox-responsive core cross-linked based prodrug micelle for enhancing micellar stability and controlling delivery of chemo drugs: An effective combination drug delivery platform for cancer therapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 139:213015. [PMID: 35882161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Core-crosslinking of micelles (CCMs) appears to be a favorable strategy to enhance micellar stability and sustained release of the loaded drug. In this study, the DOX-conjugated pH-sensitive polymeric prodrug Methoxy Poly (ethylene oxide)-b-Poly (Aspartate-Hydrazide) (mPEG-P [Asp-(Hyd-DOX)] was created using ring-opening polymerization. To further enhance the micellar system, 3,3'-diselanediyldipropanoic acid (DSeDPA) was applied to link the hydrophobic segment via click reaction to form pH/redox-responsive CCMs. Dual anti-cancer drugs, DOX as a pro-drug and SN-38 as a targeting drug, were used to enhance inhibition. DLS confirmed that the non-cross-linked micelle (NCMs) showed a higher (96.43 nm) particle size compared to the CCMs (72.63 nm). Due to micellar shrinkage after crosslinking, CCMs displayed SN-38 drug loading (7.32 %) and encapsulation efficiency (86.23 %). The mPEG-P(Asp-Hyd) copolymer's in vitro cytotoxicity on HeLa and HaCaT cell lines found that 84.52 % of the cells are alive, and zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos and larvae are highly biocompatible. The DOX/SN-38@CCMs had a sustained discharge profile in vitro, unlike the DOX/SN-38@NCMs. In DOX/SN-38@CCMs, HeLa cells were inhibited 50.90 % more than HaCaT (14.25 %) at the maximum drug dose (10 μg/mL). The CCMs successfully targeted and supplied DOX/SN-38 in HeLa cells rather than HaCaT cells, based on cellular uptake of 2D cell culture. CCMs, unlike NCMs, inhibit the growth of spheroids for extended periods of time due to the prolonged release of the loaded drug. Overall, CCMs are good-looking for use as regulated delivery of DOX/SN-38 in cancer cells because of all of these appealing characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailemichael Tegenu Gebrie
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kefyalew Dagnew Addisu
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Haile Fentahun Darge
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yihenew Simegniew Birhan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Darieo Thankachan
- Department of Materials Science And Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; Advanced Membrane Material Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC; R&d Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Szu-Yuan Wu
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Medicine, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan; Big Data Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Redox-responsive properties of core-cross-linked micelles of poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(furfuryl methacrylate) for anticancer drug delivery application. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ramesh K, Yadav S, Mishra AK, Jo S, Park S, Oh C, Lim KT. Interface‐cross
‐linked micelles of poly(D,L‐lactide)‐
b
‐poly(furfuryl methacrylate)‐
b
‐poly(N‐acryloylmorpholine) for near‐infrared‐triggered drug delivery application. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Ramesh
- Department of Display Engineering Pukyong National University Busan South Korea
- Department of Chemistry University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell Massachusetts USA
| | - Sonyabapu Yadav
- Department of Display Engineering Pukyong National University Busan South Korea
| | - Avnish Kumar Mishra
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) Gwangju South Korea
| | - Sung‐Han Jo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan South Korea
| | - Sang‐Hyug Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan South Korea
| | - Chul‐Woong Oh
- Department of Marine Biology Pukyong National University Busan South Korea
| | - Kwon Taek Lim
- Department of Display Engineering Pukyong National University Busan South Korea
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Yadav S, Ramesh K, Kumar P, Jo SH, Yoo SII, Gal YS, Park SH, Lim KT. Near-Infrared Light-Responsive Shell-Crosslinked Micelles of Poly(d,l-lactide)- b-poly((furfuryl methacrylate)- co-( N-acryloylmorpholine)) Prepared by Diels-Alder Reaction for the Triggered Release of Doxorubicin. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7913. [PMID: 34947507 PMCID: PMC8705764 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we developed near-infrared (NIR)-responsive shell-crosslinked (SCL) micelles using the Diels-Alder (DA) click reaction between an amphiphilic copolymer poly(d,l-lactide)20-b-poly((furfuryl methacrylate)10-co-(N-acryloylmorpholine)78) (PLA20-b-P(FMA10-co-NAM78)) and a diselenide-containing crosslinker, bis(maleimidoethyl) 3,3'-diselanediyldipropionoate (BMEDSeDP). The PLA20-b-P(FMA10-co-NAM78) copolymer was synthesized by RAFT polymerization of FMA and NAM using a PLA20-macro-chain transfer agent (PLA20-CTA). The DA reaction between BMEDSeDP and the furfuryl moieties in the copolymeric micelles in water resulted in the formation of SCL micelles. The SCL micelles were analyzed by 1H-NMR, FE-SEM, and DLS. An anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), and an NIR sensitizer, indocyanine green (ICG), were effectively incorporated into the SCL micelles during the crosslinking reaction. The DOX/ICG-loaded SCL micelles showed pH- and NIR-responsive drug release, where burst release was observed under NIR laser irradiation. The in vitro cytotoxicity analysis demonstrated that the SCL was not cytotoxic against normal HFF-1 cells, while DOX/ICG-loaded SCL micelles exhibited significant antitumor activity toward HeLa cells. Thus, the SCL micelles of PLA20-b-P(FMA10-co-NAM78) can be used as a potential delivery vehicle for the controlled drug release in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonyabapu Yadav
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (S.Y.); (K.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Kalyan Ramesh
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (S.Y.); (K.R.); (P.K.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (S.Y.); (K.R.); (P.K.)
| | - Sung-Han Jo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (S.-H.P.)
| | - Seong II Yoo
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea;
| | - Yeong-Soon Gal
- Department of Fire Safety, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan 38428, Korea;
| | - Sang-Hyug Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (S.-H.P.)
| | - Kwon Taek Lim
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea; (S.Y.); (K.R.); (P.K.)
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Birhan YS, Tsai HC. Recent developments in selenium-containing polymeric micelles: prospective stimuli, drug-release behaviors, and intrinsic anticancer activity. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:6770-6801. [PMID: 34350452 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01253c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is capable of forming a dynamic covalent bond with itself and other elements and can undergo metathesis and regeneration reactions under optimum conditions. Its dynamic nature endows selenium-containing polymers with striking sensitivity towards some environmental alterations. In the past decade, several selenium-containing polymers were synthesized and used for the preparation of oxidation-, reduction-, and radiation-responsive nanocarriers. Recently, thioredoxin reductase, sonication, and osmotic pressure triggered the cleavage of Se-Se bonds and swelling or disassembly of nanostructures. Moreover, some selenium-containing nanocarriers form oxidation products such as seleninic acids and acrylates with inherent anticancer activities. Thus, selenium-containing polymers hold promise for the fabrication of ultrasensitive and multifunctional nanocarriers of radiotherapeutic, chemotherapeutic, and immunotherapeutic significance. Herein, we discuss the most recent developments in selenium-containing polymeric micelles in light of their architecture, multiple stimuli-responsive properties, emerging immunomodulatory activities, and future perspectives in the delivery and controlled release of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihenew Simegniew Birhan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Debre Markos University, P.O. Box 269, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
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Wang L, Yin Q, Liu C, Tang Y, Sun C, Zhuang J. Nanoformulations of Ursolic Acid: A Modern Natural Anticancer Molecule. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:706121. [PMID: 34295253 PMCID: PMC8289884 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.706121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ursolic acid (UA) is a natural pentacyclic triterpene derived from fruit, herb, and other plants. UA can act on molecular targets of various signaling pathways, inhibit the growth of cancer cells, promote cycle stagnation, and induce apoptosis, thereby exerting anticancer activity. However, its poor water-solubility, low intestinal mucosal absorption, and low bioavailability restrict its clinical application. In order to overcome these deficiencies, nanotechnology, has been applied to the pharmacological study of UA. Objective: In this review, we focused on the absorption, distribution, and elimination pharmacokinetics of UA in vivo, as well as on the research progress in various UA nanoformulations, in the hope of providing reference information for the research on the anticancer activity of UA. Methods: Relevant research articles on Pubmed and Web of Science in recent years were searched selectively by using the keywords and subheadings, and were summarized systematically. Key finding: The improvement of the antitumor ability of the UA nanoformulations is mainly due to the improvement of the bioavailability and the enhancement of the targeting ability of the UA molecules. UA nanoformulations can even be combined with computational imaging technology for monitoring or diagnosis. Conclusion: Currently, a variety of UA nanoformulations, such as micelles, liposomes, and nanoparticles, which can increase the solubility and bioactivity of UA, while promoting the accumulation of UA in tumor tissues, have been prepared. Although the research of UA in the nanofield has made great progress, there is still a long way to go before the clinical application of UA nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyun Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qianqian Yin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Cun Liu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China.,Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
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