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Tao ZS, Shen CL. Favorable osteogenic activity of vericiguat doped in β-tricalcium phosphate: In vitro and in vivo studies. J Biomater Appl 2024; 38:1073-1086. [PMID: 38569649 DOI: 10.1177/08853282241245543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Recently, more and more studies have shown that guanylate cyclase, an enzyme that synthesizes cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), plays an important role in bone metabolism. Vericiguat (VIT), a novel oral soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, directly generates cyclic guanosine monophosphate and reduce the death incidence from cardio-vascular causes or hospitalization. Recent studies have shown beneficial effects of VIT in animal models of osteoporosis, but very little is currently known about the effects of VIT on bone defects in the osteoporotic states. Therefore, in this study, β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was used as a carrier to explore the effect of local VIT administration on the repair of femoral metaphyseal bone defects in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. When MC3T3-E1 was cultured in the presence of H2H2, VIT, similar to Melatonin (MT), therapy could increase the matrix mineralization and ALP, SOD2, SIRT1, and OPG expression, reduce ROS and Mito SOX production, RANKL expression, Promote the recovery of mitochondrial membrane potential. In the OVX rat model, VIT increases the osteogenic effect of β-TCP and better results were obtained at a dose of 5 mg. Local use of VIT can inhibit increased OC, BMP2 and RUNX2 expressions in bone tissue, while decreased SOST and TRAP expressions by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Thereby, VIT stimulates bone regeneration and is a promising candidate for promoting bone repair in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou-Shan Tao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cai-Liang Shen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Shaz N, Maran S, Genasan K, Choudhary R, Alias R, Swamiappan S, Kamarul T, Raghavendran HRB. Functionalization of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nano‑calcium sulphate and fucoidan 3D scaffold using human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells for bone tissue engineering application. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128059. [PMID: 37989428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to functionalize a novel porous PLGA (Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid) composite scaffold in combination with nano‑calcium sulphate (nCS) and/or fucoidan (FU) to induce osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells. The composite scaffolds (PLGA-nCS-FU, PLGA-nCS or PLGA-FU) were fabricated and subjected to characterization using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX). The biocompatibility and osteogenic induction potential of scaffolds on seeded human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) were studied using cell attachment and alamar blue cell viability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin and osteogenic gene expression, respectively. The composition of different groups was reflected in FTIR, XRD and EDX. The SEM micrographs revealed a difference in the surface of the scaffold before and after FU addition. The confocal imaging and SEM micrographs confirmed the attachment of cells onto all three composite scaffolds. However, the AB assay indicated a significant increase (p < 0.05) in cell viability/proliferation seeded on PLGA-nCS-FU on day 21 and 28 as compared with other combinations. A 2-fold significant increase (p < 0.05) in ALP and OC secretion of seeded hBMSCs onto PLGA-nCS-FU was observed when compared with other combinations. A significant increase in RUNX2, OPN, COL-I and ALP genes were observed in the cells seeded on PLGA-nCS-FU on day 14 and 28 as compared with day 0. In conclusion, the incorporation of both Fucoidan and Nano‑calcium sulphate with PLGA showed a promising improvement in the osteogenic potential of hBMSCs. Therefore, PLGA-nCS-FU could be the ideal candidate for subsequent pre-clinical studies to develop a successful bone substitute to repair critical bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norshazliza Shaz
- National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sathiya Maran
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia. 16150 Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Krishnamurithy Genasan
- National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rajan Choudhary
- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Kalku Street 1, LV-1658 Riga, Latvia
| | - Rodianah Alias
- Department of Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Innovative Design & Technology, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Sasikumar Swamiappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tunku Kamarul
- National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), University Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, 13200, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Hanumanth Rao Balaji Raghavendran
- National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Biomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of Clinical Research, Central Research Facility, Porur, Chennai 116, India.
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Guo R, Zhang R, Liu S, Yang Y, Dong W, Wang M, Mi H, Liu M, Sun J, Zhang X, Su Y, Liu Y, Huang D, Li R. Biomimetic, biodegradable and osteoinductive treated dentin matrix/α-calcium sulphate hemihydrate composite material for bone tissue engineering. Regen Biomater 2023; 10:rbad061. [PMID: 37501676 PMCID: PMC10369214 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It is still a huge challenge for bone regenerative biomaterial to balance its mechanical, biological and biodegradable properties. In the present study, a new composite material including treated dentin matrix (TDM) and α-calcium sulphate hemihydrate (α-CSH) was prepared. The optimal composition ratio between TDM and α-CSH was explored. The results indicate that both components were physically mixed and structurally stable. Its compressive strength reaches up to 5.027 ± 0.035 MPa for 50%TDM/α-CSH group, similar to human cancellous bone tissues. Biological experiments results show that TDM/α-CSH composite exhibits excellent biocompatibility and the expression of osteogenic related genes and proteins (ALP, RUNX2, OPN) is significantly increased. In vivo experiments suggest that the addition of TDM for each group (10%, 30%, 50%) effectively promotes cell proliferation and osteomalacia. In addition, 50% of the TDM/α-CSH combination displays optimal osteoconductivity. The novel TDM/α-CSH composite is a good candidate for certain applications in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sirui Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Yanyu Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Wenhang Dong
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Meiyue Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Hongyan Mi
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Mengzhe Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, PR China
| | - Yimeng Su
- Research Center for Nano-biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Correspondence address. (R.L.); (Y.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Di Huang
- Correspondence address. (R.L.); (Y.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Rui Li
- Correspondence address. (R.L.); (Y.L.); (D.H.)
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Mistry S, Roy R, Jha AK, Pandit N, Das S, Burman S, Joy M. Treatment of long bone infection by a biodegradable bone cement releasing antibiotics in human. J Control Release 2022; 346:180-192. [PMID: 35447299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Repair of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal (MRSA) chronic osteomyelitis and resulting bone defect is one of the major challenges in orthopaedics. Previous study has shown the effectiveness of antibiotic loaded biodegradable composite bone cement with in vitro tests and in the treatment of experimental osteomyelitis. The cement is composed of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) encapsulated antibiotic-biphasic calcium phosphate granule complex and additive antibiotic powder in gypsum binder. In this study, the cement was studied further to evaluate its in vitro biological properties (cytocompatibility, platelet activation), anti-infective, and bone regenerative potential in comparison to poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) cement and parenteral therapy in 43 patients (age 5-57 years) with chronic MRSA osteomyelitis by analyzing the results of histopathology, radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging, scanning electron microscopy, and serum drug concentrations for 1 year. The composite cement showed superior cytocompatibility and coagulant activity compared to PMMA cement. Moreover, the results of different postoperative clinical and radiological examinations also proved the supremacy of composite cement over the other treatment modalities in terms of success rate, faster sepsis control and bone regeneration. Low serum antibiotic concentrations and normal serum calcium levels indicate that the calcium-rich composite cement is safe for application in human. Therefore, we conclude that the composite bone cement is a promising candidate for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Mistry
- Department of Periodontics, Burdwan Dental College & Hospital, Powerhouse Para, West Bengal 713101, India.
| | - Rajiv Roy
- Department of Orthopaedics, Calcutta National Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal 700014, India
| | - Amit Kumar Jha
- Department of Orthopaedics, Apex Hospital, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221004, India
| | - Narayan Pandit
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, North Bengal Medical College & Hospital, Siliguri, West Bengal 734012, India
| | - Sabyasachi Das
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Medical College Kolkata, 88-College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073, India
| | - Subhasish Burman
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Burdwan Dental College & Hospital, Powerhouse Para, West Bengal 713101, India
| | - Mathew Joy
- Department of Chemistry, T.I.M.E., Erode, Tamil Nadu 638003, India
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Chen YC, Tuan WH, Lai PL. Transformation from calcium sulfate to calcium phosphate in biological environment. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2021; 32:146. [PMID: 34862913 PMCID: PMC8643294 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-021-06622-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The formation of a nano-apatite surface layer is frequently considered a measure of bioactivity, especially for non-phosphate bioceramics. In the present study, strontium-doped calcium sulfate, (Ca,Sr)SO4, was used to verify the feasibility of this measure. The (Ca,Sr)SO4 specimen was prepared by mixing 10% SrSO4 by weight with 90% CaSO4·½H2O powder by weight. A solid solution of (Ca,7.6%Sr)SO4 was then produced by heating the powder mixture at 1100 °C for 1 h. The resulting (Ca,Sr)SO4 specimen was readily degradable in phosphate solution. A newly formed surface layer in the form of flakes was formed within one day of specimen immersion in phosphate solution. Structural and microstructure-compositional analyses indicated that the flakes were composed of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) crystals. An amorphous interface containing OCP nanocrystals was found between the newly formed surface layer and the remaining (Ca,Sr)SO4 specimen. The specimen was also implanted into a rat distal femur bone defect. In addition to new bone, fibrous tissue and inflammatory cells were found to interlace the (Ca,Sr)SO4 specimen. The present study indicated that a more comprehensive evaluation is needed to assess the bioactivity of non-phosphate bioceramics. The newly formed surface layer on the (Ca,Sr)SO4 specimen after soaking in phosphate solution for 28 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Cen Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsing Tuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Liang Lai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Liu Y, Raina DB, Sebastian S, Nagesh H, Isaksson H, Engellau J, Lidgren L, Tägil M. Sustained and controlled delivery of doxorubicin from an in-situ setting biphasic hydroxyapatite carrier for local treatment of a highly proliferative human osteosarcoma. Acta Biomater 2021; 131:555-571. [PMID: 34271171 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a cornerstone drug in the treatment of osteosarcoma. However, achieving sufficient concentration in the tumor tissue after systemic administration with few side effects has been a challenge. Even with the most advanced nanotechnology approaches, less than 5% of the total administered drug gets delivered to the target site. Alternatives to increase the local concentration of DOX within the tumor using improved drug delivery methods are needed. In this study, we evaluate a clinically approved calcium sulfate/hydroxyapatite (CaS/HA) carrier, both in-vitro and in-vivo, for local, sustained and controlled delivery of DOX to improve osteosarcoma treatment. In-vitro drug release studies indicated that nearly 28% and 36% of the loaded drug was released over a period of 4-weeks at physiological pH (7.4) and acidic pH (5), respectively. About 63% of the drug had been released after 4-weeks in-vivo. The efficacy of the released drug from the CaS/HA material was verified on two human osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63 and 143B. It was demonstrated that the released drug fractions functioned the same way as the free drug without impacting its efficacy. Finally, the carrier system with DOX was assessed using two clinically relevant human osteosarcoma xenograft models. Compared to no treatment or the clinical standard of care with systemic DOX administration, the delivery of DOX using a CaS/HA biomaterial could significantly hinder tumor progression by inhibiting angiogenesis and cell proliferation. Our results indicate that a clinically approved CaS/HA biomaterial containing cytostatics could potentially be used for the local treatment of osteosarcoma. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The triad of doxorubicin (DOX), methotrexate and cisplatin has routinely been used for the treatment of osteosarcoma. These drugs dramatically improved the prognosis, but 45-55% of the patients respond poorly to the treatment with low 5-year survival. In the present study, we repurpose the cornerstone drug DOX by embedding it in a calcium sulfate/hydroxyapatite (CaS/HA) biomaterial, ensuring a spatio-temporal drug release and a hypothetically higher and longer lasting intra-tumoral concentration of DOX. This delivery system could dramatically hinder the progression of a highly aggressive osteosarcoma compared to systemic administration, by inhibiting angiogenesis and cell proliferation. Our data show an efficient method for supplementary osteosarcoma treatment with possible rapid translational potential due to clinically approved constituents.
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A Novel One-Pot Synthesis and Characterization of Silk Fibroin/α-Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate for Bone Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13121996. [PMID: 34207134 PMCID: PMC8235713 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to fabricate silk fibroin/calcium sulfate (SF/CS) composites by one-pot synthesis for bone regeneration applications. The SF was harvested from degummed silkworm cocoons, dissolved in a solvent system comprising of calcium chloride:ethanol:water (1:2:8), and then mixed with a stoichiometric amount of sodium sulfate to prepare various SF/CS composites. The crystal pattern, glass transition temperature, and chemical composition of SF/CS samples were analyzed by XRD, DSC, and FTIR, respectively. These characterizations revealed the successful synthesis of pure calcium sulfate dihydrate (CSD) and calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH) when it was combined with SF. The thermal analysis through DSC indicated molecular-level interaction between the SF and CS. The FTIR deconvolution spectra demonstrated an increment in the β-sheet content by increasing CS content in the composites. The investigation into the morphology of the composites using SEM revealed the formation of plate-like dihydrate in the pure CS sample, while rod-like structures of α-CSH surrounded by SF in the composites were observed. The compressive strength of the hydrated 10 and 20% SF-incorporated CSH composites portrayed more than a twofold enhancement (statistically significant) in comparison to that of the pure CS samples. Reduced compressive strength was observed upon further increasing the SF content, possibly due to SF agglomeration that restricted its uniform distribution. Therefore, the one-pot synthesized SF/CS composites demonstrated suitable chemical, thermal, and morphological properties. However, additional biological analysis of its potential use as bone substitutes is required.
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