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El Sayed AM, El-Abd EA, Afifi AH, Hashim FA, Kutkat O, Ali MA, El Raey MA, El Hawary SS. Comparative metabolomics analysis of Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis Swingle and Limonia acidissima Linn. Fruits and leaves cultivated in Egypt in context to their antiviral effects. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32335. [PMID: 38933965 PMCID: PMC11200356 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive study of fruits and leaves extracts of Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis Swingle and Limonia acidissima L. family Rutaceae was accomplished to investigate their antiviral activity along with their zinc oxide nanoparticles formulation (ZnONPs) against the avian influenza H5N1 virus. A thorough comparative phytochemical investigation of C. medica and L.acidissima leaves and fruits was performed using UPLC-QTOF-MS-MS. Antiviral effects further aided by molecular docking proved the highly significant potential of using C. medica and L.acidissima extracts as medicinal agents. Antiviral potency is ascendingly arranged as L. acidissima leaves (LAL) > L. acidissima fruits (LAF) > C. medica leaves (CML) at 160 μg. Nano formulation of LAF has the most splendid antiviral upshot. The metabolomic profiling of CMF and LAL revealed the detection of 48 & 74 chromatographic peaks respectively. Docking simulation against five essential proteins in survival and replication of the influenza virus revealed that flavonoid di-glycosides (hesperidin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, and kaempferol-7-neohesperidoside) have shown great affinity toward the five investigated proteins and achieved docking scores which approached or even exceeded that achieved by the native ligands. Hesperidin has demonstrated the best binding affinity toward neuraminidase (NA), haemagglutinin (HA), and polymerase protein PB2 (-10.675, -8.131, and -10.046 kcal/mol respectively. We propose using prepared crude methanol extracts of both plants as an antiviral agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M. El Sayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Eman A.W. El-Abd
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, 33-Elbohouth St, (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O.12622, Giza, ID: 60014618, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H. Afifi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, 33-Elbohouth St, (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O.12622, Giza, ID: 60014618, Egypt
| | - Fatma A. Hashim
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National Research Centre, 33-Elbohouth St, (Former El-Tahrir St.), Dokki, P.O.12622, Giza, ID: 60014618, Egypt
| | - Omnia Kutkat
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12311, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Ali
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12311, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El Raey
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, Pharmaceutical Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham S. El Hawary
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
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Chaudhary P, Janmeda P, Pareek A, Chuturgoon AA, Sharma R, Pareek A. Etiology of lung carcinoma and treatment through medicinal plants, marine plants and green synthesized nanoparticles: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116294. [PMID: 38401516 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, a leading global cause of mortality, poses a significant public health challenge primarily linked to tobacco use. While tobacco contributes to over 90% of cases, factors like dietary choices and radiation exposure also play a role. Despite potential benefits from early detection, cancer patients face hurdles, including drug resistance, chemotherapy side effects, high treatment costs, and limited healthcare access. Traditional medicinal plant knowledge has recently unveiled diverse cancer chemopreventive agents from terrestrial and marine sources. These phytochemicals regulate intricate molecular processes, influencing the immune system, apoptosis, cell cycle, proliferation, carcinogen elimination, and antioxidant levels. In pursuing cutting-edge strategies to combat the diverse forms of cancer, technological advancements have spurred innovative approaches. Researchers have focused on the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using plant metabolites. This method offers distinct advantages over conventional physical and chemical synthesis techniques, such as cost-effectiveness, biocompatibility, and energy efficiency. Metallic nanoparticles, through various pathways such as the generation of reactive oxygen species, modulation of enzyme activity, DNA fragmentation, disruption of signaling pathways, perturbation of cell membranes, and interference with mitochondrial function resulting in DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, exhibit significant potential for preventive applications. Thus, the amalgamation of phytocompounds and metallic nanoparticles holds promise as a novel approach to lung cancer therapy. However, further refinements and advancements are necessary to enhance the environmentally friendly process of metallic nanoparticle synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Chaudhary
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Pracheta Janmeda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India.
| | - Aaushi Pareek
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Anil A Chuturgoon
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana (Ayurvedic Pharmaceutics), Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashutosh Pareek
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India.
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Jyakhwo S, Serov N, Dmitrenko A, Vinogradov VV. Machine Learning Reinforced Genetic Algorithm for Massive Targeted Discovery of Selectively Cytotoxic Inorganic Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305375. [PMID: 37771186 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been employed as drug delivery systems (DDSs) for several decades, primarily as passive carriers, with limited selectivity. However, recent publications have shed light on the emerging phenomenon of NPs exhibiting selective cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines, attributable to distinct metabolic disparities between healthy and pathological cells. This study revisits the concept of NPs selective cytotoxicity, and for the first time proposes a high-throughput in silico screening approach to massive targeted discovery of selectively cytotoxic inorganic NPs. In the first step, this work trains a gradient boosting regression model to predict viability of NP-treated cell lines. The model achieves mean cross-validation (CV) Q2 = 0.80 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 13.6. In the second step, this work develops a machine learning (ML) reinforced genetic algorithm (GA), capable of screening >14 900 candidates/min, to identify the best-performing selectively cytotoxic NPs. As proof-of-concept, DDS candidates for the treatment of liver cancer are screened on HepG2 and hepatocytes cell lines resulting in Ag NPs with selective toxicity score of 42%. This approach opens the door for clinical translation of NPs, expanding their therapeutic application to a wider range of chemical space of NPs and living organisms such as bacteria and fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Jyakhwo
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies", ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, 191002, Russian Federation
| | - Nikita Serov
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies", ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, 191002, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei Dmitrenko
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies", ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, 191002, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir V Vinogradov
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies", ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, 191002, Russian Federation
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Sorouri F, Gholibegloo E, Mortezazadeh T, Kiani S, Foroumadi A, Firoozpour L, Khoobi M. Tannic acid-mediated synthesis of flower-like mesoporous MnO 2 nanostructures as T 1-T 2 dual-modal MRI contrast agents and dual-enzyme mimetic agents. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14606. [PMID: 37670132 PMCID: PMC10480446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study introduces a simple method for preparing a new generation of MnO2 nanomaterials (MNMs) using tannic acid as a template. Two shapes of MnO2 NMs, flower-like M1-MnO2 and near-spherical M2-MnO2, were prepared and compared as dual-active nanozymes and contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Various parameters, including the crystallinity, morphology, magnetic saturation (Ms), surface functionality, surface area, and porosity of the MNMs were investigated. Flower-like M1-MnO2 NMs were biocompatible and exhibited pH-sensitive oxidase and peroxidase mimetic activity, more potent than near-spherical M2-MnO2. Furthermore, the signal intensity and r1 relaxivity strongly depended on the crystallinity, morphology, pore size, and specific surface area of the synthesized MNMs. Our findings suggest that flower-like M1-MnO2 NM with acceptable dual-enzyme mimetic (oxidase-like and peroxidase-like) and T1 MRI contrast activities could be employed as a promising theranostic system for future purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Sorouri
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Gholibegloo
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tohid Mortezazadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sahar Kiani
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Loghman Firoozpour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khoobi
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Biomaterials Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran.
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Gasmi A, Gasmi Benahmed A, Shanaida M, Chirumbolo S, Menzel A, Anzar W, Arshad M, Cruz-Martins N, Lysiuk R, Beley N, Oliinyk P, Shanaida V, Denys A, Peana M, Bjørklund G. Anticancer activity of broccoli, its organosulfur and polyphenolic compounds. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37129118 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2195493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of natural bioactive constituents from various food sources for anticancer purposes has become increasingly popular worldwide. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is on the top of the consumed vegetables by the masses. Its raw matrix contains a plethora of phytochemicals, such as glucosinolates and phenolic compounds, along with rich amounts of vitamins, and minerals. Consumption of broccoli-derived phytochemicals provides strong antioxidant effects, particularly due to its sulforaphane content, while modulating numerous molecules involved in cell cycle regulation, control of apoptosis, and tuning enzyme activity. Thus, the inclusion of broccoli in the daily diet lowers the susceptibility to developing cancers. Numerous studies have underlined the undisputable role of broccoli in the diet as a chemopreventive raw food, owing to the content in sulforaphane, an isothiocyanate produced as a result of hydrolysis of precursor glucosinolates called glucoraphanin. This review will provide evidence supporting the specific role of fresh florets and sprouts of broccoli and its key bioactive constituents in the prevention and treatment of different cancers; a number of studies carried out in the in vitro and in vivo conditions as well as clinical trials were analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
- International Congress of Nutritional Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
- Société Marocaine de Micronutrition et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Mariia Shanaida
- I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- CONEM Scientific Secretary, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Wajiha Anzar
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Arshad
- National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, Gandra PRD, Portugal
- TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya Beley
- I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Petro Oliinyk
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Shanaida
- Design of Machine Tools, Instruments and Machines Department, Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | | | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
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Xie J, Li H, Zhang T, Song B, Wang X, Gu Z. Recent Advances in ZnO Nanomaterial-Mediated Biological Applications and Action Mechanisms. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091500. [PMID: 37177043 PMCID: PMC10180283 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, with the deepening research, metal zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials have become a popular research object in the biological field, particularly in biomedicine and food safety, which is attributed to their unique physicochemical properties such as high surface area and volume ratio, luminescence effect, surface characteristics and biological activities. Herein, this review provides a detailed overview of the ZnO nanomaterial-mediated biological applications that involve anti-bacterial, anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, skin care, biological imaging and food packaging applications. Importantly, the corresponding action mechanisms of ZnO nanomaterials are pointed. Additionally, the structure and structure-dependent physicochemical properties, the common synthesis methods and the biosafety of ZnO nanoparticles are revealed in brief. Finally, the significance and future challenges of ZnO nanomaterial applications are concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Xie
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huilun Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Tairan Zhang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Bokai Song
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Jin Y, Rupa EJ, Nahar J, Ling L, Puja AM, Akter R, Yang DC, Kang SC, Zhang H. Hydroponic Ginseng ROOT Mediated with CMC Polymer-Coated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Cellular Apoptosis via Downregulation of BCL-2 Gene Expression in A549 Lung Cancer Cell Line. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020906. [PMID: 36677964 PMCID: PMC9861826 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The unique and tailorable physicochemical features of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized from green sources make them attractive for use in cancer treatment. Hydroponic-cultured ginseng-root-synthesized ZnO-NPs (HGRCm-ZnO NPs) were coated with O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) polymer, which stabilized and enhanced the biological efficacy of the nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The flower-shaped nanoparticles were crystalline in nature with a particle size of 28 nm. To evaluate if these NPs had anti-lung cancer activity, analysis was performed on a human lung carcinoma cell line (A549). HGRCm-ZnO nanoparticles showed less toxicity to normal keratinocytes (HaCaTs), at concentrations up to 20 µg/mL, than A549 cancer cells. Additionally, these NPs showed dose-dependent colony formation and cell migration inhibition ability, which makes them more promising for lung cancer treatment. Additionally, Hoechst and propidium iodide dye staining also confirmed that the NP formulation had apoptotic activity in cancer cells. Further, to evaluate the mechanism of cancer cell death via checking the gene expression, HGRCm ZnO NPs upregulated the BAX and Caspase 3 and 9 expression levels but downregulated Bcl-2 expression, indicating that the nanoformulation induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, these preliminary results suggest that HGRCm ZnO NPs can be a potential candidate for future lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinping Jin
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Esrat Jahan Rupa
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinnatun Nahar
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Li Ling
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Aditi Mitra Puja
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Reshmi Akter
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Chun Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (S.C.K.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
- Correspondence: (S.C.K.); (H.Z.)
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Zhang W, Taheri-Ledari R, Ganjali F, Mirmohammadi SS, Qazi FS, Saeidirad M, KashtiAray A, Zarei-Shokat S, Tian Y, Maleki A. Effects of morphology and size of nanoscale drug carriers on cellular uptake and internalization process: a review. RSC Adv 2022; 13:80-114. [PMID: 36605676 PMCID: PMC9764328 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06888e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of targeted drug delivery, the effects of size and morphology of drug nanocarriers are of great importance and need to be discussed in depth. To be concise, among all the various shapes of nanocarriers, rods and tubes with a narrow cross-section are the most preferred shapes for the penetration of a cell membrane. In this regard, several studies have focused on methods to produce nanorods and nanotubes with controlled optimized size and aspect ratio (AR). Additionally, a non-spherical orientation could affect the cellular uptake process while a tangent angle of less than 45° is better at penetrating the membrane, and Ω = 90° is beneficial. Moreover, these nanocarriers show different behaviors when confronting diverse cells whose fields should be investigated in future studies. In this survey, a comprehensive classification based on carrier shape is first submitted. Then, the most commonly used methods for control over the size and shape of the carriers are reviewed. Finally, influential factors on the cellular uptake and internalization processes and related analytical methods for evaluating this process are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University No. 37, Guoxue Alley Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Province P. R. China
| | - Reza Taheri-Ledari
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Fatemeh Ganjali
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Seyedeh Shadi Mirmohammadi
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Fateme Sadat Qazi
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Mahdi Saeidirad
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Amir KashtiAray
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Simindokht Zarei-Shokat
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University No. 14, 3rd Section of South Renmin Road Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran 16846-13114 Iran +98 21 73021584 +98 21 77240640-50
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Investigating the Anticancer Activity of G-Rh1 Using In Silico and In Vitro Studies (A549 Lung Cancer Cells). MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238311. [PMID: 36500403 PMCID: PMC9890317 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rh1 (G-Rh1), a possible bioactive substance isolated from the Korean Panax ginseng Meyer, has a wide range of pharmacological effects. In this study, we have investigated the anticancer efficacy of G-Rh1 via in silico and in vitro methodologies. This study mainly focuses on the two metastatic regulators, Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) and RhoA, along with other standard apoptosis regulators. The ROCK1 protein is a member of the active serine/threonine kinase family that is crucial for many biological processes, including cell division, differentiation, and death, as well as many cellular processes and muscle contraction. The abnormal activation of ROCK1 kinase causes several disorders, whereas numerous studies have also shown that RhoA is expressed highly in various cancers, including colon, lung, ovarian, gastric, and liver malignancies. Hence, inhibiting both ROCK1 and RhoA will be promising in preventing metastasis. Therefore, the molecular level interaction of G-Rh1 with the ROCK1 and RhoA active site residues from the preliminary screening clearly shows its inhibitory potential. Molecular dynamics simulation and principal component analysis give essential insights for comprehending the conformational changes that result from G-Rh1 binding to ROCK1 and RhoA. Further, MTT assay was employed to examine the potential cytotoxicity in vitro against human lung cancer cells (A549) and Raw 264.7 Murine macrophage cells. Thus, G-Rh1 showed significant cytotoxicity against human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) at 100 µg/mL. In addition, we observed an elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, perhaps promoting cancer cell toxicity. Additionally, G-Rh1 suppressed the mRNA expression of RhoA, ROCK1, MMP1, and MMP9 in cancer cell. Accordingly, G-Rh1 upregulated the p53, Bax, Caspase 3, caspase 9 while Bcl2 is downregulated intrinsic pathway. The findings from our study propose that the anticancer activity of G-Rh1 may be related to the induction of apoptosis by the RhoA/ROCK1 signaling pathway. As a result, this study evaluated the functional drug-like compound G-Rh1 from Panax ginseng in preventing and treating lung cancer adenocarcinoma via regulating metastasis and apoptosis.
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10
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Tan Q, Liu G, Zhao C, Gao M, Zhang X, Chen G, Li L, Huang X, Zhang Y, Lv J, Xu D. Layered Double Hydroxide@Metal-Organic Framework Hybrids for Extraction of Indole-3-Carbinol From Cruciferous Vegetables. Front Nutr 2022; 9:841257. [PMID: 35656156 PMCID: PMC9152278 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.841257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cruciferous vegetables are rich in glucosinolates, which can be metabolized to produce the antitumor compound indole-3-carbinol (I3C). The conventional solvent extraction method for I3C is inefficient. To improve the extraction efficiency of I3C from cruciferous vegetables, we prepared a metal-organic framework (MOF) material (Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH@B-D-MIL-100). First, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were introduced to layered double hydroxides by in situ polymerization. Then, the MOF material was grown on the surface of the layered double hydroxide by co-precipitation and the layer-by-layer self-assembly method. This gave Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH@B-D-MIL-100, which was characterized using a variety of techniques. The results showed that Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH@B-D-MIL-100 had a double-layer porous structure, excellent superparamagnetism (11.54955 emu/g), a large specific surface area (174.04 m2/g), and a pore volume (0.26 cm3/g). The extraction conditions for I3C were optimized. Non-linear fitting of the static adsorption model showed that the adsorption was mainly monolayer. Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH@B-D-MIL-100 had fast adsorption kinetics and could extract 95% of I3C in 45 min. It is superior to the traditional solvent extraction method because of its high enrichment efficiency in a short time and environmental friendliness. The successful preparation of the new nanomaterial will provide a new reference for the enrichment and extraction of the I3C industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyue Tan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingkun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Ge Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaowei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Donghui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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11
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Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum)-Mediated Bio-Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles for Enhancement of Anti-Lung Cancer and Anti-Inflammatory Activities. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12063081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum) is an Australian native plant that has recently gained the attention of researchers due to its highly antioxidant compounds that have substantial health benefits. To raise the value, in this study, it is used for the first time to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles for anti-lung cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. The formation of KKD-ZnO-NPs (ZnO particles obtained from Kakadu plum) were confirmed using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis confirmed the functional groups that are responsible for the stabilization and capping of KKD-ZnO-NPs. The flower shape of the synthesized KKD-ZnO-NPs was confirmed by field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and field emission-transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM) analyses. The crystallites were highly pure and had an average size of 21.89 nm as measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed size range of polydisperse KKD-ZnO-NPs was 676.65 ± 47.23 nm with a PDI of 0.41 ± 0.0634. Furthermore, the potential cytotoxicity was investigated in vitro against human lung cancer cell lines (A549) and Raw 264.7 Murine macrophages cells as normal cells to ensure safety purposes using MTT assay. Thus, KKD-ZnO-NPs showed prominent cytotoxicity against human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) at 10 μg/mL and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as well, which could promote toxicity to cancer cells. Moreover, upregulation of p53 and downregulation of bcl2 gene expression as apoptosis regulators were confirmed via RT-PCR. In addition, KKD-ZnO-NPs possess a similar capacity of reduction in proinflammatory-nitric oxide (NO) production when compared to the L-NMMA as inflammation’s inhibitor, indicating anti-inflammatory potential. Incorporation of Kakadu plum extract as reducing and stabilizing agents enabled the green synthesis of flower-shaped KKD-ZnO-NPs that could be an initiative development of effective cancer therapy drug.
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12
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Joshi BC, Juyal V, Sah AN, Verma P, Mukhija M. Review On Documented Medicinal Plants Used For The Treatment Of Cancer. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083807666211011125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a frightful disease and it is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Naturally derived compounds are gaining interest of research workers as they have less toxic side effects as compared to currently used treatments such as chemotherapy. Plants are the pool of chemical compounds which provides a promising future for research on cancer.
Objective:
This review paper provides updated information gathered on medicinal plants and isolated phytoconstituents used as anticancer agents and summarises the plant extracts and their isolated chemical constituents exhibiting anticancer potential on clinical trials.
Methods:
An extensive bibliographic investigation was carried out by analysing worldwide established scientific databases like SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar etc. In next few decades, herbal medicine may become a new epoch of medical system.
Results:
Many researches are going on medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer but it is a time to increase further experimental studies on plant extracts and their chemical constituents to find out their mechanism of action at molecular level.
Conclusion:
The article may help many researchers to start off further experimentation that might lead to the drugs for the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Vijay Juyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Archana N. Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Piyush Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical science and Technology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun-248001, India
| | - Minky Mukhija
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Buria Road, Bhagwangarh, Jagadhri-135003, India
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Antihyperuricemic Effect of Dendropanax morbifera Leaf Extract in Rodent Models. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:3732317. [PMID: 34335806 PMCID: PMC8324340 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3732317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dendropanax morbifera is a well-known traditional medicine used in China and Korea to treat intestinal disorders, urosis, diuresis, and chronic glomerulonephritis. Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disorder characterized by a high uric acid level in serum due to an imbalance between uric acid production and excretion and causes gout. Recently, the prevalence of hyperuricemia worldwide has been continuously increasing. Xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitors (allopurinol (ALP) and febuxostat) and uricosuric agents (benzbromarone and probenecid) are used to treat hyperuricemia clinically. However, because these drugs are poorly tolerated and cause side effects, such as kidney diseases, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal symptoms, and hypersensitivity syndrome, only a limited number of drugs are available. We investigated the antihyperuricemic effects of Dendropanax morbifera leaf ethanol extract (DMLE) and its underlying mechanisms of action through in vitro and in vivo studies. We evaluated uric acid levels in serum and urine, and xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibition activity in the serum and liver tissue of a hyperuricemic rat model of potassium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemic rats. In vitro study, XOD-inhibitory activity was the lowest among the test substances at the IC50 of ALP. However, the IC50 of DMLE-70 was significantly low compared with that of other DMLEs (p < 0.05). In PO-induced hyperuricemic rats, uric acid (UA) levels in serum and urine were significantly reduced in all DMLE-70 and allopurinol-treated (ALT) groups than in the PC group (p < 0.05). UA levels in urine were lower than those in serum in all DME groups. In PO-induced hyperuricemic rats, DMEE-200 reduced UA concentration in serum and increased UA excretion in the urine. These findings suggest that DMLE exerts antihyperuricemic and uricosuric effects on promoting UA excretion by enhanced secretion and inhibition of UA reabsorption in the kidneys. Thus, DMLE may be a potential treatment for hyperuricemia and gout.
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14
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Lee JY, Lim HM, Lee CM, Park SH, Nam MJ. Indole-3-carbinol inhibits the proliferation of colorectal carcinoma LoVo cells through activation of the apoptotic signaling pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:2099-2112. [PMID: 34085558 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211021475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a phytochemical that exhibits growth-inhibitory activity against various cancer cells. However, there are limited studies on the effects of I3C on colon cancer cells. In this study, the growth-inhibitory activity of I3C against the human colorectal carcinoma cell line (LoVo) was examined. The results of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, colony formation, and cell counting assays revealed that I3C suppressed the proliferation of LoVo cells. Microscopy and wound-healing analyses revealed that I3C affected the morphology and inhibited the migration of LoVo cells, respectively. I3C induced apoptosis and DNA fragmentation as evidenced by the results of fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated annexin V staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling assay, respectively. Additionally, I3C arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase and enhanced the reactive oxygen species levels. Western blotting analysis revealed that treatment with I3C resulted in the activation of apoptotic proteins, such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9, Bax, Bim, and p53 in LoVo cells. These results indicate that I3C induces apoptosis in LoVo cells by upregulating p53, leading to the activation of Bax and caspases. Taken together, I3C exerts cytotoxic effects on LoVo cells by activating apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Department of Biological Science, 65440Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - H M Lim
- Department of Biological Science, 65440Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - C M Lee
- Department of Bio&Chemical Engineering, 65686Hongik University, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Park
- Department of Bio&Chemical Engineering, 65686Hongik University, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Nam
- Department of Biological Science, 65440Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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15
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Melo MN, Pereira FM, Rocha MA, Ribeiro JG, Junges A, Monteiro WF, Diz FM, Ligabue RA, Morrone FB, Severino P, Fricks AT. Chitosan and chitosan/PEG nanoparticles loaded with indole-3-carbinol: Characterization, computational study and potential effect on human bladder cancer cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 124:112089. [PMID: 33947529 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a plant molecule known to be active against several types of cancer, but some chemical characteristics limit its clinical applications. In order to overcome these limitations, polymeric nanoparticles can be used as carrier systems for targeted delivery of I3C. In this study, chitosan and chitosan/polyethylene glycol nanoparticles (CS NP and CS/PEG NP, respectively) were prepared to encapsulate I3C by ionic gelation method. The polymeric nanoparticles were characterized by Dynamic Scattering Light (DLS), Zeta Potential (ZP), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spetroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Field Emission Gun Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM). I3C release testing was performed at an acidic media and the interactions between I3C and chitosan or PEG were evaluated by Density Functional Theory (DFT). Cytotoxicity of nanoparticles in bladder cancer T24 cell line was evaluated by the Methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay. The average size of the nanoparticles was observed to be in the range from 133.3 ± 3.7 nm to 180.4 ± 2.7 nm with a relatively homogeneous distribution. Samples had relatively high positive zeta potential values (between +20.3 ± 0.5 mV and + 24.3 ± 0.5 mV). Similar encapsulation efficiencies (about 80%) for both nanoparticles were obtained. Physicochemical and thermal characterizations pointed to the encapsulation of I3c. electron microscopy showed spherical particles with smooth or ragged surface characteristics, depending on the presence of PEG. The mathematical fitting of the release profile demonstrated that I3C-CS NP followed the Higuchi model whereas I3C-CS/PEG NP the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Chemical differences between the nanoparticles as based on the I3C/CS or I3C/PEG interactions were demonstrate by computational characterization. The assessment of cell viability by the MTT test showed that the presence of both free I3C and I3C-loaded nanoparticles lead to statistically significant reduction in T24 cells viability in the concentrations from 500 to 2000 μM, when comparison to the control group after 24 h of exposure. Thus, CS and CS/PEG nanoparticles present as feasible I3C carrier systems for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micael Nunes Melo
- Tiradentes University - UNIT, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research - ITP, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Menezes Pereira
- Tiradentes University - UNIT, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research - ITP, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Matheus Alves Rocha
- Tiradentes University - UNIT, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research - ITP, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Jesica Gonçalves Ribeiro
- Tiradentes University - UNIT, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research - ITP, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Alexander Junges
- Department of Food Engineering, URI - Erechim Av. Sete de Setembro, 1621, 99709-910 Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Wesley Formentin Monteiro
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Mendonça Diz
- School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosane Angélica Ligabue
- School of Technology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bueno Morrone
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Av. Ipiranga 6681, 90619-900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Tiradentes University - UNIT, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research - ITP, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Alini Tinoco Fricks
- Tiradentes University - UNIT, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Institute of Technology and Research - ITP, Av. Murilo Dantas 300, 49032-490 Aracaju, SE, Brazil.
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Enhanced Antiobesity Efficacy of Tryptophan Using the Nanoformulation of Dendropanax morbifera Extract Mediated with ZnO Nanoparticle. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14040824. [PMID: 33572189 PMCID: PMC7914509 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles from medicinal plants has provided a broad scope in biomedical research and functional food formulations due to low toxicity. Dendropanax morbifera (DM) is a versatile traditional medicine used for various inflammatory diseases due to its extensive antioxidant activity. We investigated DM as a natural capping agent for Zn2+ ions and coloaded it with tryptophan for its penetration and antiobesity behavior. DM zinc oxide nanoparticles (DM-ZnO NPs) were prepared and then entrapped with tryptophan (DM-ZnO-Try nanoemulsion (NE)) for stable formulation using the O/W nanoemulsion method. The hydrodynamic sizes measured by dynamic light scattering for DM-ZnO NPs and DM-ZnO-Try NE are about 146.26 ± 3.31 and 151.16 ± 3.59 nm, respectively. TEM and SEM reveal its morphology. In vitro analysis on both NPs and NE was non-toxic to RAW 264.7 and 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell line. It significantly reduced the accumulated lipids through lipolysis performed at 10 ug/mL in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells. NE suppresses the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and lowers triglycerides. Further, the substantial reduction of lipid content is evident with Oil Red O staining and OD measurement. In this present study, the synergetic effect of DM-ZnO NPs and tryptophan is reported, which provides a way for more detailed research on its efficacy for obesity and obesity-associated disorders.
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