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Zhang X, Zheng J, Pan J, Zhang X, Fang J, Min J, Yu C. Construction of nano-silica particle clusters and their effects on the shear thickening properties of liquids. SOFT MATTER 2023; 20:255-265. [PMID: 38086671 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01217d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
It is of great research significance to prepare a new shear thickening fluid (STF) with a simple process, remarkable thickening effect and excellent impact resistance from the properties of the particles. Inspired by the shear thickening mechanism, nano-silica particle clusters (SPC) with different morphological structures were prepared by the reaction of amino-modified silica with polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE), and the structure models of particle clusters were designed through theoretical analysis. The structure of SPC was affected by the degree of amination modification and the molecular weight of PEGDGE, which was analyzed by DLS and TEM. The shear thickening behavior of the fluid was evaluated by steady-state rheology and dynamic-state rheology analysis. The shear thickening behavior of the fluid composed of SPC also changed greatly with the influence of the degree of amination modification and the molecular weight of PEGDGE. In addition, compared with the STF contained original silica, the STF contained SPC could produce a faster and stronger shear thickening response. Therefore, silica particle clusters are not only a promising candidate for the preparation of high-performance shear thickening fluids, but can also be better applied to industrial and scientific fields such as impact protection and shock absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingmin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Jian Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Jianjun Pan
- Huzhou Customs, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Jin Fang
- School of Textile and Garment, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 24100, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Min
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chengbing Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China.
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2
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Wang P, Li L, Qian K, Yu K, Zhang Y, Xia Y, Zhang Z, Xiong Z. The rheological properties of shear thickening fluid reinforced with
ZnO
of different friction characteristics. POLYM ENG SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.26185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- College of Textile Science and Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Lulu Li
- College of Textile Science and Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Kun Qian
- College of Textile Science and Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Kejing Yu
- College of Textile Science and Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi China
| | - Yaoliang Zhang
- Jiangsu Changjiang Blasting Engineering Co. Ltd Zhenjiang China
| | - Yunpeng Xia
- Jiangsu Changjiang Blasting Engineering Co. Ltd Zhenjiang China
| | - Zhongwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion & Impact and Disaster Prevention & Mitigation Army Engineering University of PLA Nanjing China
| | - Ziming Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion & Impact and Disaster Prevention & Mitigation Army Engineering University of PLA Nanjing China
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3
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Tryznowski M, Gołofit T, Gürgen S, Kręcisz P, Chmielewski M. Unexpected Method of High-Viscosity Shear Thickening Fluids Based on Polypropylene Glycols Development via Thermal Treatment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5818. [PMID: 36079200 PMCID: PMC9457279 DOI: 10.3390/ma15175818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the influence of the thermal treatment of shear thickening fluids, STFs, on their viscosity. For this purpose, shear thickening fluids based on polypropylene glycols PPG400 and PPG1000 and Aerosil®200 were developed. The shear thickening behavior of obtained fluids was confirmed by using a parallel-plate rheometer. Next, thermogravimetric (TG) analyses were used to characterized thermal stability and weight loss of the STFs at a constant temperature. Finally, the thermal treatment of the STFs obtained was provided using the apparatus developed for this purpose. The received STFs exhibited a very high maximum viscosity up to 15 kPa. The rheology of the STFs measured after thermal treatment indicated that the proposed method allowed the development of STFs with a very high maximum viscosity. The maximum viscosity of the STFs increased twofold when thermal treatment of the STFs at elevated temperature for 210 min was performed. TG confirmed the convergence of the weight loss in the apparatus. Our results show that controlling the thermal treatment of STFs allows STFs to be obtained with high viscosity and a dilatation jump of the STFs by degradation of the liquid matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Tryznowski
- Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Narbutta 85, 02-524 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gołofit
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Selim Gürgen
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir 26040, Turkey
| | - Patrycja Kręcisz
- Faculty of Material Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Wołoska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Chmielewski
- Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Łukasiewicz Research Network, Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Materials Research Lab, Świerk, 05-400 Otwock, Poland
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4
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Żurowski R, Tryznowski M, Gürgen S, Szafran M, Świderska A. The Influence of UV Radiation Aging on Degradation of Shear Thickening Fluids. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093269. [PMID: 35591603 PMCID: PMC9100338 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Shear thickening fluids (STFs) are innovative materials that can find applications in smart body armor. However, the usage of STFs is limited by the aging of these materials. This work aims to analyze the influence of UV radiation on the aging process of STFs. The investigation was done experimentally, and artificial aging was applied to investigate the impact of UV radiation on the properties of STFs. The shear-thickening properties of obtained STFs were confirmed by viscosity measurements. The STFs based on PPG425, PPG2700, and KE-P10 exhibited a very high maximum viscosity of up to 580.7 Pa·s and 3313 Pa·s for the STF425 and STF2700, respectively. The aging of the obtained STFs caused the liquid matrix degradation, causing damage to the STFs and their change from liquid into solid. Furthermore, the FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopies were used for the confirmation of the breakdown of STFs. The FT-IR spectroscopy revealed the appearance of carbonyl groups in STFs after aging. Moreover, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy confirmed the formation of the typical groups containing carbonyl groups. Our results demonstrate that STFs are UV light-sensitive and may lose their properties during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Żurowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (R.Ż.); (M.S.); (A.Ś.)
| | - Mariusz Tryznowski
- Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Narbutta 85, 02-524 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Selim Gürgen
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskişehir, Turkey;
| | - Mikołaj Szafran
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (R.Ż.); (M.S.); (A.Ś.)
| | - Aleksandra Świderska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (R.Ż.); (M.S.); (A.Ś.)
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Żurowski R, Falkowski P, Zygmuntowicz J, Szafran M. Rheological and Technological Aspects in Designing the Properties of Shear Thickening Fluids. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6585. [PMID: 34772127 PMCID: PMC8585178 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work focuses on shear thickening fluids (STFs) as ceramic-polymer composites with outstanding protective properties. The investigation aims to determine the influence of raw material parameters on the functional properties of STFs. The following analyses were used to characterize both the raw materials and the STFs: scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight, chemical sorption analysis, rheological analysis, and kinetic energy dissipation tests. It was confirmed that the morphology of the solid particles plays a key role in designing the rheological and protective properties of STFs. In the case of irregular silica, shear thickening properties can be obtained from a solid content of 12.5 vol.%. For spherical silica, the limit for achieving shear thickening behavior is 40 vol.%. The viscosity curve analysis allowed for the introduction of a new parameter defining the functional properties of STFs: the technological critical shear rate. The ability of STFs to dissipate kinetic energy was determined using a unique device that allows pure fluids to be tested without prior encapsulation. Because of this, it was possible to observe even slight differences in the protective properties between different STFs, which has not been possible so far. During tests with an energy of 50 J, the dissipation factor was over 96%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Żurowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 3 Noakowskiego Str., 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (P.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Paweł Falkowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 3 Noakowskiego Str., 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (P.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Justyna Zygmuntowicz
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 141 Wołoska Str., 02-507 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Mikołaj Szafran
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 3 Noakowskiego Str., 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (P.F.); (M.S.)
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Goswami MR, Singh P, Chamoli P, Bhardwaj S, Raina KK, Shukla RK. Tuning of shear thickening behavior and elastic strength of polyvinylidene fluoride via doping of
ZnO‐graphene. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mit Rita Goswami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering DIT University Dehradun India
| | - Prayas Singh
- Advanced Functional Smart Materials Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Department of Physics DIT University Dehradun India
| | - Pankaj Chamoli
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Department of Physics Shri Guru Ram Rai University Dehradun India
| | - Sumit Bhardwaj
- Department of Physics Chandigarh University Gharuan, Mohali India
| | | | - Ravi Kumar Shukla
- Advanced Functional Smart Materials Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Department of Physics DIT University Dehradun India
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