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Tommasato G, Piano S, Casentini P, De Stavola L, Chiapasco M. Digital planning and bone regenerative technologies: A narrative review. Clin Oral Implants Res 2024; 35:906-921. [PMID: 38591734 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this narrative review was to explore the application of digital technologies (DT) for the simplification and improvement of bone augmentation procedures in advanced implant dentistry. MATERIAL AND METHODS A search on electronic databases was performed to identify systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized and non-randomized controlled trials, prospective/retrospective case series, and case reports related to the application of DT in advanced implant dentistry. RESULTS Seventy-nine articles were included. Potential fields of application of DT are the following: 1) the use of intra-oral scanners for the definition of soft tissue profile and the residual dentition; 2) the use of dental lab CAD (computer-aided design) software to create a digital wax-up replicating the ideal ridge and tooth morphology; 3) the matching of STL (Standard Triangulation Language) files with DICOM (DIgital COmmunication in Medicine) files from CBCTs with a dedicated software; 4) the production of stereolithographic 3D models reproducing the jaws and the bone defects; 5) the creation of surgical templates to guide implant placement and augmentation procedures; 6) the production of customized meshes for bone regeneration; and 7) the use of static or dynamic computer-aided implant placement. CONCLUSIONS Results from this narrative review seem to demonstrate that the use of a partially or fully digital workflow can be successfully used also in advanced implant dentistry. However, the number of studies (in particular RCTs) focused on the use of a fully digital workflow in advanced implant dentistry is still limited and more studies are needed to properly evaluate the potentials of DT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Tommasato
- Unit of Oral Surgery, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca De Stavola
- Unit of Periodontology, Dental Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Chiapasco
- Unit of Oral Surgery, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
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Boroojeni HSH, Mohaghegh S, Khojasteh A. Application of CAD-CAM Technologies for Maxillofacial Bone Regeneration: A Narrative Review of the Clinical Studies. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:461-472. [PMID: 36372914 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666221111154057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The application of regenerative methods in treating maxillofacial defects can be categorized as functional bone regeneration in which scaffolds without protection are used and in-situ bone regeneration in which a protected healing space is created to induce bone formation. It has been shown that functional bone regeneration can reduce surgical time and obviate the necessity of autogenous bone grafting. However, studies mainly focused on applying this method to reconstruct minor bone effects, and more investigation concerning the large defects is required. In terms of in situ maxillofacial bone regeneration with the help of CAD-CAM technologies, the present data have suggested feasible mesh rigidity, perseverance of the underlying space, and apt augmentative results with CAD-CAM-based individualized Ti meshes. However, complications, including dehiscence and mesh exposure, coupled with consequent graft loss, infection and impeded regenerative rates have also been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helia Sadat Haeri Boroojeni
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadra Mohaghegh
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Khojasteh
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery/University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Takahashi A, Inoue K, Imagawa-Fujimura N, Matsumoto K, Yamada K, Sawai Y, Nakajima Y, Mano T, Kato-Kogoe N, Ueno T. Clinical Study of 14 Cases of Bone Augmentation with Selective Laser Melting Titanium Mesh Plates. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6842. [PMID: 37959439 PMCID: PMC10648651 DOI: 10.3390/ma16216842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing techniques are being used in the medical field. Orthopedic hip prostheses and denture bases are designed and fabricated based on the patient's computer-aided design (CAD) data. We attempted to incorporate this technique into dental implant bone augmentation. Surgical simulation was performed using patient data. Fourteen patients underwent bone augmentation using a selective laser melting (SLM) titanium mesh plate. The results showed no evidence of infection in any of the 14 patients. In 12 patients, only one fixation screw was used, and good results were obtained. The SLM titanium mesh plate was good adaptation in all cases, with bone occupancy greater than 90%. The average bone resorption of the marginal alveolar bone from the time of dental implant placement to the time of the superstructure placement was 0.69 ± 0.25 mm. Implant superstructures were placed in all cases, and bone augmentation with SLM titanium mesh plates was considered a useful technique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuya Inoue
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki 569-8686, Osaka, Japan (K.Y.); (Y.S.); (T.M.)
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Zadrożny Ł, Górski B, Baldoni E, Lumbau AI, Meloni SM, Pisano M, Tallarico M. Minimally Invasive Treatment of Lateral Incisors with Guided One-Piece or Two-Piece Titanium-Made Narrow Diameter Implants: A Retrospective Comparative Study with Up to Two Years Follow-Up. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113711. [PMID: 37297907 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Restoring teeth with dental implants has become the gold standard in recent years, especially in the esthetic zone. However, limited amount of available bone as well as limited interdental space in the anterior zone may create problems for implant treatment. Narrow diameter implants (NDI) may be a treatment option to resolve the above-mentioned limitations and providing minimally invasive implant therapy without additional regenerative procedures. In this retrospective study, a comparison of clinical and radiographic outcomes between one-piece and two-piece titanium-made NDIs was done with the follow-up of two years after loading. Twenty-three NDI cases were analyzed, 11 in the one-piece implant group (group one) and 12 in the two-piece implant group (group two). The outcomes were implant and prosthetic failures, any complications occurred, peri-implant bone level changes, and as well as the Pink Esthetic score. No implant or prosthetic failures, as well as, no complications were reported at the two-year follow-up examination. At the same time the marginal bone loss was 0.23 ± 0.11 in the group one and 0.18 ± 0.12 in the group two. Difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.3339). The Pink Esthetic Score, recorded two years after definitive loading, was 12.6 ± 0.97 in the group one and 12.2 ± 0.92 in the group two, with no statistically significant difference between groups (p = 0.3554). With the limitations of the present study, including the small sample size and short follow-up, it is possible to conclude that either one and two-piece NDI can be successfully used to restore lateral incisors with comparable results within the two years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Zadrożny
- Department of Dental Propaedeutics and Prophylaxis, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59 St., 02-006 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Górski
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Binieckiego 6 St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edoardo Baldoni
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07021 Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Mario Meloni
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07021 Sassari, Italy
| | - Milena Pisano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07021 Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Tallarico
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07021 Sassari, Italy
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Scribante A, Ghizzoni M, Pellegrini M, Pulicari F, Manfredini M, Poli PP, Maiorana C, Spadari F. Full-Digital Customized Meshes in Guided Bone Regeneration Procedures: A Scoping Review. PROSTHESIS 2023; 5:480-495. [DOI: 10.3390/prosthesis5020033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Meshes, especially titanium ones, are being widely applied in oral surgery. In guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedures, their use is often paired with membranes, being resorbable or non-resorbable. However, they present some limitations, such as difficulty in the treatment of severe bone defects, alongside frequent mesh exposure. Customized meshes, produced by a full-digital process, have been recently introduced in GBR procedures. Therefore, the focus of the present review is to describe the main findings in recent years of clinical trials regarding patient-specific mesh produced by CAD/CAM and 3D printing workflow, made in titanium or even PEEK, applied to GBR surgeries. The purpose is to analyze their clinical management, advantages, and complications. This scoping review considered randomized clinical trials, observational studies, cohort studies, and case series/case reports studies. Studies that did not meet inclusion criteria were excluded. The preferred reporting items for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) consensus was followed. A total of 15 studies were selected for this review. Based on the studies included, the literature suggests that meshes produced by a digital process are used to restore complex and severe bone defects. Moreover, they give satisfactory aesthetic results and fit the defects, counteracting grid exposure. However, more clinical trials should be conducted to evaluate long-term results, the rate of complications, and new materials for mesh manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scribante
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Ghizzoni
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Pulicari
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Manfredini
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Poli
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Maiorana
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Spadari
- Maxillofacial Surgery and Dental Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via della Commenda 10, 20122 Milan, Italy
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The Utilisation of CAD/CAM Technology Amongst Austrian Dentists: A Pilot Study. Int Dent J 2022; 73:430-434. [DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Shi Y, Liu J, Du M, Zhang S, Liu Y, Yang H, Shi R, Guo Y, Song F, Zhao Y, Lan J. Customized Barrier Membrane (Titanium Alloy, Poly Ether-Ether Ketone and Unsintered Hydroxyapatite/Poly-l-Lactide) for Guided Bone Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:916967. [PMID: 35837554 PMCID: PMC9273899 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.916967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sufficient bone volume is indispensable to achieve functional and aesthetic results in the fields of oral oncology, trauma, and implantology. Currently, guided bone regeneration (GBR) is widely used in reconstructing the alveolar ridge and repairing bone defects owing to its low technical sensitivity and considerable osteogenic effect. However, traditional barrier membranes such as collagen membranes or commercial titanium mesh cannot meet clinical requirements, such as lack of space-preserving ability, or may lead to more complications. With the development of digitalization and three-dimensional printing technology, the above problems can be addressed by employing customized barrier membranes to achieve space maintenance, precise predictability of bone graft, and optimization of patient-specific strategies. The article reviews the processes and advantages of three-dimensional computer-assisted surgery with GBR in maxillofacial reconstruction and alveolar bone augmentation; the properties of materials used in fabricating customized bone regeneration sheets; the promising bone regeneration potency of customized barrier membranes in clinical applications; and up-to-date achievements. This review aims to present a reference on the clinical aspects and future applications of customized barrier membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Shi
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Mi Du
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Shengben Zhang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Ruiwen Shi
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Song
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Lan
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
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Customized Allogeneic Bone Augmentation Improves Esthetic Outcome in Anteromaxillary Dental Implantation. Case Rep Dent 2022; 2022:6943930. [PMID: 35360384 PMCID: PMC8964193 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6943930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In cases of severe atrophic maxilla or maxillary involution, augmentation is necessary for implant-supported prosthetics. Using bone grafts is a standard procedure, and using customized allogeneic bone blocks may be a predictable alternative before dental implantation. Clinical Findings. This case study shows the digital workflow, including a preimplantological augmentation by a customized allogeneic block, followed by soft tissue optimization and template-based dental implantation, after six months of healing. It is part of a three-year follow-up study on the resorption rate of allogeneic bone blocks. Outcomes. Allogeneic bone augmentation is an alternative treatment option to autologous bone grafts. It allows predictable advanced backward planning (ABP) even in the maxillary esthetic zone. Diameter-reduced implants show long-term stability of a minimum of three years after loading and excellent results of prosthetic fixtures. Conclusion Prefabricated customized allogeneic blocks for augmentation may increase the fitting accuracy of the graft, decrease morbidity, and reduce the operation time in esthetic maxillary rehabilitation.
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Anderson M, Dubey N, Bogie K, Cao C, Li J, Lerchbacker J, Mendonça G, Kauffmann F, Bottino MC, Kaigler D. Three-dimensional printing of clinical scale and personalized calcium phosphate scaffolds for alveolar bone reconstruction. Dent Mater 2022; 38:529-539. [PMID: 35074166 PMCID: PMC9016367 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.12.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alveolar bone defects can be highly variable in their morphology and, as the defect size increases, they become more challenging to treat with currently available therapeutics and biomaterials. This investigation sought to devise a protocol for fabricating customized clinical scale and patient-specific, bioceramic scaffolds for reconstruction of large alveolar bone defects. METHODS Two types of calcium phosphate (CaP)-based bioceramic scaffolds (alginate/β-TCP and hydroxyapatite/α-TCP, hereafter referred to as hybrid CaP and Osteoink™, respectively) were designed, 3D printed, and their biocompatibility with alveolar bone marrow stem cells and mechanical properties were determined. Following scaffold optimization, a workflow was developed to use cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging to design and 3D print, defect-specific bioceramic scaffolds for clinical-scale bone defects. RESULTS Osteoink™ scaffolds had the highest compressive strength when compared to hybrid CaP with different infill orientation. In cell culture medium, hybrid CaP degradation resulted in decreased pH (6.3) and toxicity to stem cells; however, OsteoInk™ scaffolds maintained a stable pH (7.2) in culture and passed the ISO standard for cytotoxicity. Finally, a clinically feasible laboratory workflow was developed and evaluated using CBCT imaging to engineer customized and defect-specific CaP scaffolds using OsteoInk™. It was determined that printed scaffolds had a high degree of accuracy to fit the respective clinical defects for which they were designed (0.27 mm morphological deviation of printed scaffolds from digital design). SIGNIFICANCE From patient to patient, large alveolar bone defects are difficult to treat due to high variability in their complex morphologies and architecture. Our findings shows that Osteoink™ is a biocompatible material for 3D printing of clinically acceptable, patient-specific scaffolds with precision-fit for use in alveolar bone reconstructive procedures. Collectively, emerging digital technologies including CBCT imaging, 3D surgical planning, and (bio)printing can be integrated to address this unmet clinical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Anderson
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nileshkumar Dubey
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kath Bogie
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chen Cao
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Junying Li
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Gustavo Mendonça
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Frederic Kauffmann
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Darnell Kaigler
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Tallarico M, Lumbau AMI, Meloni SM, Ieria I, Park CJ, Zadrożny L, Xhanari E, Pisano M. Five-Year Prospective Study on Implant Failure and Marginal Bone Remodeling Expected Using Bone Level Implants with Sandblasted/Acid-Etched Surface and Conical Connection. Eur J Dent 2022; 16:787-795. [PMID: 34991163 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1739439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present prospective, case-series study was to report implant survival rate and marginal bone remodeling expected 5 years after loading using dental implants placed in daily practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS This research was designed as an open-cohort, prospective, case-series evaluation. Any partially or completely edentulous patient, scheduled to receive at least one bone level implant, was considered eligible for this study. Primary outcome measurements were: implant and prosthetic cumulative survival rate and any complications experienced up to the 5-year follow-up. Secondary outcome measures were: thickness of gingival biotype, implant insertion torque, implant stability quotient, and marginal bone loss (MBL). RESULTS Ninety consecutive patients (34 males and 56 females, aged between 24 and 81 years old [mean: 53.2 ± 15.4]) with 243 inserted implants were followed for at least 5 years after loading (mean: 65.4 ± 3.1 months; range from 60 to 72). At the 1-year follow-up, no drop-outs were recorded, but 17 patients (18.9%) with 18 restorations (12.6%) delivered on 34 implants (14%) were lost at the 5-year examination. At the 5-year follow-up examination, six implants lost osseointegration (97.5%). In the same period, four prostheses failed (97.2%). Five complications were reported in five different patients (prosthetic success rate was 96.5%, at patient level). Five years after loading, the mean MBL was 0.41 ± 0.30 mm. The difference from the 1-year data was 0.04 ± 0.19 mm. A statistically significant higher MBL was found for smokers, and patients with thin gingival biotype. The mean implant insertion torque was 42.9 ± 4.8 Ncm (range from 15 to 45 Ncm). Two-hundred and three implants (83.5%) were inserted with an insertion torque ≥35 and ≤45 Ncm. CONCLUSIONS High implant survival and success rate could be expected with stable marginal bone remodeling up to 5 years after loading. Smoking and thin tissue biotype were the most important variabilities associated with higher MBL. Further research studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chang-Joo Park
- Department of Dentistry, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Lukasz Zadrożny
- Department of Dental Propedeutics and Prophylaxis, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Erta Xhanari
- Department of Implantology and Prosthetic Aspects, Master of Science in Dentistry Program, Aldent University, Tirana, Albania
| | - Milena Pisano
- School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Alhussain BS, Almawh AA, AlMuhanna AS, nujaym AHA, Albuhayri MA, Aldrees AF, Ajlan OAA. Dentists’ Perception about Chair-side CAD/CAM; a cross-sectional study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/yyj7r47uct] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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12
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Tallarico M, Xhanari E, Lumbau AMI, Alushi A, Ieria I, Fiorillo L, Famà F, Meto A, Baldoni E, Meloni SM, Cicciù M. Histological and Histomorphometric Evaluation of Post-Extractive Sites Filled with a New Bone Substitute with or without Autologous Plate Concentrates: One-Year Randomized Controlled Trial. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 15:ma15010254. [PMID: 35009400 PMCID: PMC8746213 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the histological and histomorphometric characteristics of post-extraction sites grafted with decellularized bovine compact bone from bovine femur, mixed and unmixed with leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin after four months of healing. This study was designed as a randomized controlled trial of parallel groups. Patients in need of a single, implant-supported restoration to replace a hopeless tooth were recruited for tooth extraction and implant placement four months after socket preservation procedure. After tooth extraction, patients were randomly allocated to receive decellularized bovine compact bone from bovine femur, mixed and unmixed with leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin. After four months of healing, tapered implants were inserted with an insertion torque between 35 and 45 Ncm. Two months later, implants were loaded with screw-retained definitive crowns. Outcome measures were implant (ISR) and prosthesis (PSR) survival rates, complications, histological and histomorphometric analyses, radiographic marginal bone-level changes, and patients' satisfaction. Clinical data were collected up to one year after tooth extraction and socket preservation procedures. Thirty patients were consecutively enrolled in the trial (15 in each group). Unfortunately, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, bone samples were collected only in 19 patients. Two implants failed before definitive prosthesis delivery (ISR 93.3%). No prosthesis failed (PSR 100%). Three complications were experienced in the control group. The mean bone percentage was 40.64 ± 18.76 in the test group and 33.40 ± 22.38 in the control group. The difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.4846). The mean soft tissue percentage was 32.55 ± 19.45 in the test group and 55.23 ± 17.64 in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0235). The mean residual graft was 24.59 ± 18.39 in the test group and 11.37 ± 12.12 in the control group. The difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.0992). Mean marginal bone loss, as well as patient satisfaction, showed no differences between groups. With the limitations of the present study, socket preservation with L-PRF mixed with decellularized bovine compact bone demonstrated favorable results, comparing with decellularized bovine compact bone from bovine femur alone. Further studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tallarico
- School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, 07021 Sassari, Italy; (M.T.); (A.M.I.L.); (E.B.); (S.M.M.)
- Department of Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aldent, 1031 Tirana, Albania; (E.X.); (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Erta Xhanari
- Department of Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aldent, 1031 Tirana, Albania; (E.X.); (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Adela Alushi
- Department of Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aldent, 1031 Tirana, Albania; (E.X.); (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Luca Fiorillo
- Department of Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aldent, 1031 Tirana, Albania; (E.X.); (A.A.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Fausto Famà
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University Hospital “G. Martino” of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Agron Meto
- Department of Implantology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aldent, 1031 Tirana, Albania; (E.X.); (A.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Edoardo Baldoni
- School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, 07021 Sassari, Italy; (M.T.); (A.M.I.L.); (E.B.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Silvio Mario Meloni
- School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, 07021 Sassari, Italy; (M.T.); (A.M.I.L.); (E.B.); (S.M.M.)
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
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Gašperšič R, Cmok Kučič A, Volk Gašperšič K, Kosem R. Peri-implant soft tissue contour after stepwise replacement of missing and ankylotic central maxillary incisors in young adult: A clinical case report. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04960. [PMID: 34667613 PMCID: PMC8511884 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Replantation and retention of ankylosed tooth after pubertal growth spurt enables stepwise replacement of both central incisors with implants. Partial extraction contributes to natural gingival contour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rok Gašperšič
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | | | | | - Rok Kosem
- Department of Paediatric DentistryUniversity Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
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14
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Blume O, Back M, Martin K, Windisch P. A customized allogenic bone block for alveolar reconstruction quantitated by a 3D matching technique: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04771. [PMID: 34532047 PMCID: PMC8435223 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
After initial resorption, the bone volume showed long-term stability following loading of the implant. Furthermore, 3D matching was a suitable quantification method to analyze the volume development of bone augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Blume
- Private Practice (Dres. Back & Blume)MunichGermany
| | - Michael Back
- Private Practice (Dres. Back & Blume)MunichGermany
| | - Kim Martin
- Private Practice (Dres. Back & Blume)MunichGermany
| | - Péter Windisch
- Department of PeriodontologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
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15
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Huang L, Zhang X, Mo A. A Retrospective Study on the Transferring Accuracy of a Fully Guided Digital Template in the Anterior Zone. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14164631. [PMID: 34443154 PMCID: PMC8399113 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The accuracy of implant placement with a fully guided digital template can be influenced by many factors, such as arch difference, alveolar bone density, timing of implant placement and open flap. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the factors presumptively affecting the accuracy of implant placement assisted by the fully guided template in the anterior zone. In 40 patients with missing anterior teeth, a total of 52 implants were placed with tooth-borne, fully guided templates after CBCT evaluation, in West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University. After overlapping the pre-and post-operative DICOM data, measurements were taken in the dental implant planning software (Nobel Clinician®) to calculate linear and angular deviations between virtual placement plan and actual implant placement. Grouping was categorized according to three factors that possibly have an influence on accuracy: arch type (maxilla/mandible), timing of implant placement (immediate/delayed), surgical technique (open flap/flapless). The data was analyzed with independent sample t-test (p < 0.05). The results showed that the apical, coronal, depth and angular mean deviations of implant positions in anterior zone were 1.13 ± 0.39 mm, 0.86 ± 0.33 mm, 0.41 ± 0.66 mm, 3.32 ± 1.65° with the fully guided templates. The accuracy at apex level, coronal level and the angulation were similar between the maxilla and mandible, and the magnitude of all four deviations between immediate and delayed implantation, open flap and flapless technique were small. No statistically significant difference was observed (p > 0.05). Whereas there was significant difference in depth deviation between maxilla and mandible (p < 0.05). Conclusively, the implant site, alveolar bone density, timing of implant placement and surgical techniques merely compromise the implant placement accuracy under the assistance of a fully guided template.
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16
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The Effect of Controlled Diabetes and Hyperglycemia on Implant Placement with Simultaneous Horizontal Guided Bone Regeneration: A Clinical Retrospective Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9931505. [PMID: 34222488 PMCID: PMC8219425 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9931505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes represents a challenge in implant therapy because hyperglycemia may negatively affect bone regeneration, directly compromising clinical outcomes and increasing clinical failures. The aim of this retrospective study is to analyse the prognostic significance of HbA1c levels in patients undergoing implant placement associated with horizontal guided bone regeneration. Thirty-four patients were divided into 3 groups according to their HbA1c levels: nondiabetic normoglycemic patients (HbA1c < 5.7%), nondiabetic hyperglycemic patients (HbA1c < 6.5%), and controlled diabetic patients (HbA1c < 7%). Primary outcomes were dimensional changes in height (VDH) and width (DW) of the peri-implant defect. Secondary outcomes were evaluations of periodontal parameters of adjacent tooth sites, wound healing, marginal bone loss (MBL), and survival and success rates. At T1 (6 months), mean VDH values in groups 1, 2, and 3 were, respectively, 0.07, 0.5, and 0.25 mm. Mean DW values in those same groups were, respectively, 0.07, 0.38, and 0.33 mm. HbA1c levels were not statistically related to VDH and DW values at T1. No statistically significant differences were observed in MBL between groups (p = 0.230). Implant survival and success rates were, respectively, 98% and 96%. Simultaneous guided bone regeneration is a feasible procedure for the treatment of horizontal bone deficiencies in controlled diabetic patients.
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17
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Tallarico M, Lumbau AI, Park CJ, Puddu A, Sanseverino F, Amarena R, Meloni SM. In vitro evaluation of bioburden, three-dimensional stability, and accuracy of surgical templates without metallic sleeves after routinely infection control activities. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2021; 23:380-387. [PMID: 33611832 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical templates are classified as noncritical devices, and they do not need to be sterile. AIM Primary aim of this study was to assess the microbiological burden present on the surgical templates without metallic sleeves after disinfection. Furthermore, to evaluate trueness after disinfection and steam sterilization at 121°C/15 min, and over a 8-week storage period. Finally, to assess their accuracy after in vitro implant placement simulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty surgical templates were printed and divided in five groups of eight templates each. Groups A to C were disinfected with 0.5% Chlorhexidine Gluconate and 70% ethyl alcohol base solution for 15 min. Templates in the group D were steam sterilized at 121°C for 15 min, while, the templates in the group E were used as control. Implant simulation was performed in the group A. Outcome measures were determination of bioburden, trueness assessment using GOM Inspect Professional software, and accuracy evaluated thought the mean angular deviation of simulated implants. RESULTS Total microbic charge measured as colony forming units (CFU) for sample, was 24.40 in the control group (group E; n = 8), and <4.40 in the test group (group C; n = 8), with a reduction of 84%. Colored representation from GOM inspection showed no differences after disinfection and implant simulation, disinfection alone, and steam sterilization, compared to the control group. A very small difference in the surface and volume dimensions was reported 1 month after templates fabrication. The mean roundness tolerances of the tested templates improved of 0.96 ± 0.56° (95% CI 0.57-1.35). CONCLUSION Surgical templates without metallic sleeves can be safely used after disinfection, demonstrating high level of accuracy, even when the surgical procedures should be postponed within a couple of weeks. Further in vivo study are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chang-Joo Park
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Antonio Puddu
- School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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18
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Nassani MZ, Ibraheem S, Shamsy E, Darwish M, Faden A, Kujan O. A Survey of Dentists' Perception of Chair-Side CAD/CAM Technology. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9010068. [PMID: 33451003 PMCID: PMC7828474 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology in dentistry has rapidly expanded. This survey aimed to investigate attitudes and current practice of dentists in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia regarding chair-side CAD/CAM technology. An online questionnaire was prepared and sent to a convenience sample of dentists in Riyadh. Questions related to practice aspects of chair-side CAD/CAM system, attitudes and training were presented. A total of 114 questionnaires were completed (77.6% response rate). Study population comprised dentists of a wide range of clinical experience who are working in the various regions of Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Of the participants, 27.2% indicated the presence of a chair-side CAD/CAM system at their current workplace and 57% used the chair-side CAD/CAM in the fabrication of dental crowns. The vast majority of participants (81%) believe that the overall quality of chair-side CAD/CAM restorations is at least as good as those fabricated by a lab technician or much better. Most responding dentists considered the chair-side CAD/CAM system as important in terms of time saving, boosting the number of visiting patients and income improvement. The willingness to dedicate the time and effort to learn the chair-side CAD/CAM technology was apparent amid a high proportion of dentists (75.4%). The findings of this pilot survey reflect broad satisfaction and positive attitude among the surveyed dentists towards use and outcome of chair-side CAD/CAM technology in the dental clinical practice. It seems that the CAD/CAM technology has infiltrated into the workflow of Saudi dental practices with speculations of growing implementation among the wider sector of dental practitioners in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zakaria Nassani
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh 11512, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shukran Ibraheem
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, AlFarabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh 11691, Saudi Arabia; (S.I.); (M.D.)
| | - Enass Shamsy
- Dental Health Care Department, Inaya Medical College, Riyadh 11352, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahmoud Darwish
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, AlFarabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Riyadh 11691, Saudi Arabia; (S.I.); (M.D.)
| | - Asmaa Faden
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Science, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 4545, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Omar Kujan
- Oral Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, UWA Dental School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands 6009, Australia
- Correspondence:
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19
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Xie Y, Li S, Zhang T, Wang C, Cai X. Titanium mesh for bone augmentation in oral implantology: current application and progress. Int J Oral Sci 2020; 12:37. [PMID: 33380722 PMCID: PMC7773733 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-020-00107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is an effective and simple method for bone augmentation, which is often used to reconstruct the alveolar ridge when the bone defect occurs in the implant area. Titanium mesh has expanded the indications of GBR technology due to its excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility, so that the GBR technology can be used to repair alveolar ridges with larger bone defects, and can obtain excellent and stable bone augmentation results. Currently, GBR with titanium mesh has various clinical applications, including different clinical procedures. Bone graft materials, titanium mesh covering methods, and titanium mesh fixing methods are also optional. Moreover, the research of GBR with titanium mesh has led to multifarious progresses in digitalization and material modification. This article reviews the properties of titanium mesh and the difference of titanium mesh with other barrier membranes; the current clinical application of titanium mesh in bone augmentation; common complications and management and prevention methods in the application of titanium mesh; and research progress of titanium mesh in digitization and material modification. Hoping to provide a reference for further improvement of titanium mesh in clinical application and related research of titanium mesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Department of Implant Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Songhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Department of Implant Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Department of Implant Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Head and Department of Implant Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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20
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Chen Y, Zhang X, Wang M, Jiang Q, Mo A. Accuracy of Full-Guided and Half-Guided Surgical Templates in Anterior Immediate and Delayed Implantation: A Retrospective Study. MATERIALS 2020; 14:ma14010026. [PMID: 33374727 PMCID: PMC7793484 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Computer-aided implantology has developed rapidly in recent years, this study aimed to compare the accuracy of guided-surgery between anterior immediate and delayed implantation, and simultaneously assess the effect of full-guided and half-guided templates on accuracy values. Seventy-six implants were inserted in 63 patients using full-guided or half-guided template in the anterior zone. Postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was matched with preoperative planning to evaluate the deviation between actual and planned implants. No statistical difference was found in any deviation between immediate and delayed implantation (p > 0.05). In anterior immediate implantation, the global coronal, apical, depth and angular deviations of full-guided templates were all significantly lower than those of half-guided templates (0.66 ± 0.26 vs. 1.10 ± 0.76 mm, 0.96 ± 0.41 vs. 1.43 ± 0.70 mm, 0.46 ± 0.24 mm vs. 0.93 ± 0.79 mm and 1.69° ± 0.94° vs. 2.57° ± 1.57°). While in delayed implantation, full-guided templates only perform better with statistical significance on global apical and depth deviation (1.01 ± 0.42 vs. 1.51 ± 0.55 mm and 0.32 ± 0.26 vs. 0.71 ± 0.47 mm). After excluding the influence of depth deviation, the coronal and apical deviations between the two systems in immediate implantation and the apical deviations in delayed implantation had no statistical difference. Within the limit of this study, the results suggested the accuracy of guided-surgeries for anterior immediate and delayed implantations was comparable, and full-guided template was more accurate for immediate and delayed implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Implant Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Implant Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Maoxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Implant Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (M.W.)
| | - Qingling Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Anchun Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Implant Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.C.); (X.Z.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence:
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