Orientation Identification of the Black Phosphorus with Different Thickness Based on B2g Mode Using a Micro-Raman Spectroscope under a Nonanalyzer Configuration

Nanoscale Evaluation of the Degradation Stability of Black Phosphorus Nanosheets Functionalized with PEG and Glutathione-Stabilized Doxorubicin Drug-Loaded Gold Nanoparticles in Real Functionalized System

Two-dimensional black phosphorus (2D BP) has attracted significant research interest in the field of biomedical applications due to its unique characteristics, including high biocompatibility, impressive drug-loading efficiency, phototherapeutic ability, and minimal side effects. However, its puckered honeycomb lattice structure with lone-pair electrons of BP leads to higher sensitivity and chemical reactivity towards H2O and O2 molecules, resulting in the degradation of the structure with physical and chemical changes. In our study, we synthesize polyethylene glycol (PEG) and glutathione-stabilized doxorubicin drug-assembled Au nanoparticle (Au-GSH-DOX)-functionalized BP nanosheets (BP-PEG@Au-GSH-DOX) with improved degradation stability, biocompatibility, and tumor-targeting ability. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy indicate the nanoscale degradation behavior of synthesized nanoconjugates in three different environmental exposure conditions, and the results demonstrate the remarkable nanoscale stability of BP-PEG@Au-GSH-DOX against the degradation of BP, which provides significant interest in employing 2D BP-based nanotherapeutic agents for tumor-targeted cancer phototherapy.

Angle-Resolved Intensity of Polarized Micro-Raman Spectroscopy for 4H-SiC

Raman spectroscopy is an indispensable method for the nondestructive testing of semiconductor materials and their microstructures. This paper presents a study on the angle-resolved intensity of polarized micro-Raman spectroscopy for a 4H silicon carbide (4H-SiC) wafer. A generalized theoretical model of polarized Raman intensity was established by considering the birefringence effect. The distributions of angle-resolved Raman intensities were achieved under normal and oblique backscattering configurations. Experiments were performed on a self-built angle-resolved Raman system, which verified the validity of the proposed model and achieved the identification of crystal orientations of the 4H-SiC sample.

Anisotropic Generation and Detection of Coherent Ag Phonons in Black Phosphorus

Black phosphorus (BP) has attracted great attention due to its layer-tuned direct bandgap, in-plane anisotropic properties, and novel optoelectronic applications. In this work, the anisotropic characteristics of BP crystal in terms of the Raman tensor and birefringence are studied by investigating polarization dependence in both the generation and detection of A_g mode coherent phonons. While the generated coherent phonons exhibit the typical linear dichroism of BP crystal, the detection process is found here to be influenced by anisotropic multiple thin film interference, showing wavelength and sample thickness sensitive behaviors. We additionally find that the A_g¹ and A_g² optical phonons decay into lower frequency acoustic phonons through the temperature-dependent anharmonic process.