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Zeghlouli J, Schiavone N, Askanian H, Guendouz A, El Modafar C, Michaud P, Delattre C. Thermal, Morphological and Mechanical Properties of a BioPE Matrix Composite: Case of Shell, Pulp, and Argan Cake as Biofillers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2241. [PMID: 36984120 PMCID: PMC10055938 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Extrusion and hot compressing molding processes were used to create bio-polyethylene (BioPE) composites reinforced with argan byproducts (shell, pulp, and argan cake) as bio-fillers. The thermal stability of the composites wass analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Dynamical mechanical analysis and rheological testing were used to investigate their mechanical properties. The morphological results showed a good adhesion between the argan and BioPE matrix. More efficient mechanical properties have been distinguished in the case of argan byproduct-based composite. A higher Young's modulus was noted for all the biocomposites compared to pure BioPE. Thermal analysis revealed that the addition of bio-filler to polymer reduced decomposition temperatures. This study provides an ecological alternative for upgrading the valorization of abundant and underutilized Moroccan biomass. Furthermore, the possibility of using argan byproducts in composite manufacturing will help open up new markets for what is currently considered waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihane Zeghlouli
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST 05), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Marrakech, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
- Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicola Schiavone
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont Ferrand (ICCF), UMR 6296 Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Haroutioun Askanian
- Institut de Chimie de Clermont Ferrand (ICCF), UMR 6296 Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Amine Guendouz
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST 05), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Marrakech, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Cherkaoui El Modafar
- Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST 05), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Marrakech, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Philippe Michaud
- Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Cédric Delattre
- Clermont Auvergne INP, CNRS, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 Rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
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Achour B, Ziadi A, Belarbi L, Mokaddem A, Lousdad A. Mechanical and morphological characterization of recycled HD-PE bio-composites based on alfa fibers and natural pozzolan. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2022-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this research work, waste plastic bottle caps made of high-density polyethylene (HD-PE) were reincorporated as a matrix and reinforced by alfa short fibers and natural pozzolan particles. Using different weight percentages of both fillers of 5 wt% up to 30 wt%, three types of bio-composite materials have been produced; alfa short fibers/HDPE, pozzolan particles/HDPE, and alfa fibers pozzolan/HDPE. Specimens for each type of the biocomposites were prepared through the compression molding method. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of different content of alfa short fibers and pozzolan particles on the mechanical and morphological properties of the recycled HDPE matrix. Tensile test results revealed an enhancement in the mechanical properties for the three types of the biocomposites, an increase in tensile strength reached the maximum of 3573 MPa plus an interesting improvement in Young’s modulus with a maximum value of 3696 MPa. The toughness of the neat recycled HD-PE decreased by 212% by adding the natural filler whereas the modulus of resilience exhibited an increase of 138% compared to the neat recycled HD-PE. Therefore, the good rheological behavior of these bio-composites makes it possible to produce competitive materials and allows the reduction of plastic waste in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouchra Achour
- Smart Structures Laboratory/DGRSDT, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Mechanical Engneering , University of Ain Temouchent-Belhadj Bouchaib , Ain Temouchent 46000 , Algeria
| | - Abdelkader Ziadi
- Smart Structures Laboratory/DGRSDT, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Mechanical Engneering , University of Ain Temouchent-Belhadj Bouchaib , Ain Temouchent 46000 , Algeria
| | - Lahcen Belarbi
- Applied Chemical Laboratory/DGRSDT, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Material Sciences , University of Ain Temouchent-Belhadj Bouchaib , Ain Temouchent 46000 , Algeria
| | - Allel Mokaddem
- Advanced Materials and Instrumentation Laboratory , Nour Bachir El-Bayadh University Center , BP 900 route Aflou, 32000 El Bayadh , Algeria
| | - Abdelkader Lousdad
- Laboratory Mechanics of Structures and Solids (LMSS), Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology , University of Sidi Bel-Abbes , Sidi Bel Abbès , Algeria
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Discharge Plasma Treatment as an Efficient Tool for Improved Poly(lactide) Adhesive-Wood Interactions. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14133672. [PMID: 34209330 PMCID: PMC8269815 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactide) (PLA) films obtained by thermoforming or solution-casting were modified by diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge plasma (300 W and 60 s). PLA films were used as hot-melt adhesive in joints in oak wood. It was demonstrated that lap shear strength increased from 3.4 to 8.2 MPa, respectively, for the untreated and plasma-treated series. Pull-off tests performed on particleboard for the untreated and treated PLA films showed 100% cohesive failure. Pull-off strength tests on solid oak demonstrated adhesion enhancement from 3.3 MPa with the adhesion failure mode to 6.6 MPa with the cohesion failure mode for untreated and treated PLA. XPS revealed that carbonyl oxygen content increased by two-to-three-fold, which was confirmed in the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy experiments of the treated PLA. The water contact angle decreased from 66.4° for the pristine PLA to 49.8° after treatment. Subsequently, the surface free energy increased from 47.9 to 61.05 mJ/m2. Thus, it was clearly proven that discharge air plasma can be an efficient tool to change surface properties and to strengthen adhesive interactions between PLA and woody substrates.
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Design, Materials, and Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing in Circular Economy Contexts: From Waste to New Products. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13137269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The transition toward circular economy models has been progressively promoted in the last few years. Different disciplines and strategies may significantly support this change. Although the specific contribution derived from design, material science, and additive manufacturing is well-established, their interdisciplinary relationship in circular economy contexts is relatively unexplored. This paper aims to review the main case studies related to new circular economy models for waste valorization through extrusion-based additive manufacturing, circular materials, and new design strategies. The general patterns were investigated through a comprehensive analysis of 74 case studies from academic research and design practice in the last six-year period (2015–2021), focusing on the application fields, the 3D printing technologies, and the materials. Further considerations and future trends were then included by looking at the relevant funded projects and case studies of 2021. A broader number of applications, circular materials, and technologies were explored by the academic context, concerning the practice-based scenario linked to more consolidated fields. Thanks to the development of new strategies and experiential tools, academic research and practice can be linked to foster new opportunities to implement circular economy models.
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Schiavone N, Verney V, Askanian H. High-Density Bio-PE and Pozzolan Based Composites: Formulation and Prototype Design for Control of Low Water Flow. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1908. [PMID: 34201232 PMCID: PMC8229793 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An eco-friendly solution to produce new material for the material extrusion process is to use quarry waste as filler for biopolymer composites. A quarry waste that is still studied little as a filler for polymer composites is pozzolan. In this study, the optimization of the formulations and processing parameters of composites produced with pozzolan and bio-based polyethylene for 3D printing technology was performed. Furthermore, a precision irrigation system in the form of a drip watering cup was designed, printed, and characterized. The results showed that the presence of the pozzolan acted as a reinforcement for the composite material and improved the cohesion between the layers of the 3D printed objects. Furthermore, the optimization of the process conditions made it possible to print pieces of complex geometry and permeable parts for the control of the water flow rates with an order of magnitude in the range from mL/h to mL/day.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haroutioun Askanian
- CNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, ICCF, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (N.S.); (V.V.)
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