1
|
Voigt I, Schmerler R, Korn H, Drossel WG. Heat-Transfer Properties of Additively Manufactured Aluminum Lattice Structures in Combination with Phase Change Material. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1672. [PMID: 38612185 PMCID: PMC11012667 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Compared to sensible heat storage, latent heat storage provides higher energy density due to the enthalpy difference of the storage medium undergoing a phase change. However, the heat storage capability of phase change materials is opposed by low thermal conductivity. To enable sufficient heat transfer within a latent heat storage unit, phase change materials can be used in combination with a metallic matrix. One approach is the infiltration of phase change materials into additively manufactured metallic lattice structures. In this work, the fabrication of aluminum lattice structures through laser powder bed fusion is described. During fabrication, the cell size and the strut diameter were varied to obtain specimens of different geometries. To obtain the thermal conductivity of the fabricated lattices, measurements were conducted based on the transient plane source method. Additionally, finite element simulations were carried out to evaluate the effect of fabrication and measurement uncertainties. The thermal conductivity of the fabricated lattices was found to be between 3 W/(m·K) and 130 W/(m·K). The numerically and analytically performed calculations provide good estimations of the experimentally obtained data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Immanuel Voigt
- Professorship Adaptronics and Lightweight Design, TU Chemnitz, Reichenhainer Straße 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany;
| | - Rico Schmerler
- Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU, Nöthnitzer Straße 44, 01187 Dresden, Germany; (R.S.); (H.K.)
| | - Hannes Korn
- Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU, Nöthnitzer Straße 44, 01187 Dresden, Germany; (R.S.); (H.K.)
| | - Welf-Guntram Drossel
- Professorship Adaptronics and Lightweight Design, TU Chemnitz, Reichenhainer Straße 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany;
- Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology IWU, Nöthnitzer Straße 44, 01187 Dresden, Germany; (R.S.); (H.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Soo XYD, Tan SY, Cheong AKH, Xu J, Liu Z, Loh XJ, Zhu Q. Electrospun PEO/PEG fibers as potential flexible phase change materials for thermal energy regulation. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2024; 4:20230016. [PMID: 38854494 PMCID: PMC10867375 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20230016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is widely used as phase change materials (PCM) due to their versatile working temperature and high latent heat. However, the low molecular weight of PEG prevents from the formation of flexible microfibers, and the common leakage problem associated with solid-liquid PCM further hinders their applications in various fields. To address these challenges, polyethylene oxide (PEO) is incorporated as the supporting matrix for PEG, leading to a successful electrospinning of fibrous mats. Due to the similar chemical nature of both PEG and PEO, the blended composites show great compatibility and produce uniform electrospun fibers. The thermal properties of these fibers are characterized by DSC and TGA, and supercooling for the PEG(1050) component is effectively reduced by 75-85%. The morphology changes before and after leakage test are analyzed by SEM. Tensile and DMA tests show that the presence of PEG(1050) component contributes to plasticization effect, improving mechanical and thermomechanical strength. The ratio of PEO(600K):PEG(1050) at 7:3 affords the optimal performance with good chemical and form-stability, least shrinkage, and uniformity. These fibrous mats have potential applications in areas of food packaging, flexible wearable devices, or textiles to aid in thermal regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yun Debbie Soo
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)InnovisSingapore
| | - Sze Yu Tan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)InnovisSingapore
| | - Augustine Kok Heng Cheong
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)InnovisSingapore
| | - Jianwei Xu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)InnovisSingapore
- Institute of Sustainability for ChemicalsEnergy and Environment (ISCE2)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)Jurong IslandSingapore
- Department of ChemistryNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT)Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)ShenzhenPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)InnovisSingapore
- Institute of Sustainability for ChemicalsEnergy and Environment (ISCE2)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)Jurong IslandSingapore
- Department of Material Science and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)InnovisSingapore
- Institute of Sustainability for ChemicalsEnergy and Environment (ISCE2)Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)Jurong IslandSingapore
- School of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jing Y, Zhao Z, Cao X, Sun Q, Yuan Y, Li T. Ultraflexible, cost-effective and scalable polymer-based phase change composites via chemical cross-linking for wearable thermal management. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8060. [PMID: 38052809 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43772-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase change materials (PCMs) offer great potential for realizing zero-energy thermal management due to superior thermal storage and stable phase-change temperatures. However, liquid leakage and solid rigidity of PCMs are long-standing challenges for PCM-based wearable thermal regulation. Here, we report a facile and cost-effective chemical cross-linking strategy to develop ultraflexible polymer-based phase change composites with a dual 3D crosslinked network of olefin block copolymers (OBC) and styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) in paraffin wax (PW). The C-C bond-enhanced OBC-SEBS networks synergistically improve the mechanical, thermal, and leakage-proof properties of PW@OBC-SEBS. Notably, the proposed peroxide-initiated chemical cross-linking method overcomes the limitations of conventional physical blending methods and thus can be applicable across diverse polymer matrices. We further demonstrate a portable and flexible PW@OBC-SEBS module that maintains a comfortable temperature range of 39-42 °C for personal thermotherapy. Our work provides a promising route to fabricate scalable polymer-based phase change composite for wearable thermal management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoge Jing
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Zhengchuang Zhao
- Research Center of Solar Power & Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoling Cao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Qinrong Sun
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, ChongQing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Yanping Yuan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Tingxian Li
- Research Center of Solar Power & Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo Y, Hou T, Wang J, Yan Y, Li W, Ren Y, Yan S. Phase Change Materials Meet Microfluidic Encapsulation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2304580. [PMID: 37963852 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Improving the utilization of thermal energy is crucial in the world nowadays due to the high levels of energy consumption. One way to achieve this is to use phase change materials (PCMs) as thermal energy storage media, which can be used to regulate temperature or provide heating/cooling in various applications. However, PCMs have limitations like low thermal conductivity, leakage, and corrosion. To overcome these challenges, PCMs are encapsulated into microencapsulated phase change materials (MEPCMs) capsules/fibers. This encapsulation prevents PCMs from leakage and corrosion issues, and the microcapsules/fibers act as conduits for heat transfer, enabling efficient exchange between the PCM and its surroundings. Microfluidics-based MEPCMs have attracted intensive attention over the past decade due to the exquisite control over flow conditions and size of microcapsules. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the state-of-art progress in microfluidics-based encapsulation of PCMs. The principle and method of preparing MEPCM capsules/fibers using microfluidic technology are elaborated, followed by the analysis of their thermal and microstructure characteristics. Meanwhile, the applications of MEPCM in the fields of building energy conservation, textiles, military aviation, solar energy utilization, and bioengineering are summarized. Finally, the perspectives on MEPCM capsules/fibers are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Guo
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Research Group for Fluids and Thermal Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315104, China
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315104, China
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315104, China
| | - Tuo Hou
- Research Group for Fluids and Thermal Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315104, China
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315104, China
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315104, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315104, China
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315104, China
| | - Yuying Yan
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Weihua Li
- School of Mechanical, Materials, Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2522, Australia
| | - Yong Ren
- Research Group for Fluids and Thermal Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315104, China
- Department of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315104, China
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315104, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification Research of Zhejiang Province, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315104, China
| | - Sheng Yan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Duran M, Nikulin A, Serrano A, Dauvergne JL, Grosu Y, Labidi J, del Barrio EP. Jet-Injection In Situ Production of PVDF/PCM Composite Fibers for Thermal Management. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26136-26146. [PMID: 37521663 PMCID: PMC10373176 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Thermal management protects against external agents and increases the lifetime and performance of the devices in which it is implemented. Because of their ability to store and release a high amount of energy at a nearly constant temperature, phase change materials (PCMs) are promising thermoregulatory materials. Thus, the manufacture of PVDF fibers containing PCMs has advantages since PVDF is already used in elements that are susceptible to thermal management as a binder in batteries or as a base material for fabrics. This work presents a simple, versatile, in situ, cost-effective, and easy-to-scale-up method to produce PVDF-based fibers containing paraffin RT-28HC for thermal management. To achieve that goal, the microfluidic approach of coaxial flows was simplified to gravity-aided laminar jet injection into a bulk fluid, where fibers were produced by the solvent extraction mechanism. With this methodology, hollow PVDF fibers and core-shell PVDF fibers containing paraffin RT-28HC have been produced. The proposed approach resulted in fibers with up to 98 J/g of latent heat, with a hierarchical porous structure. SEM study of the fiber morphology has shown that PCM is in the form of slugs along the fibers. Such PCM distribution is maintained until the first melting cycle, when molten PCM spreads within the fiber under capillary forces, which was observed by an infrared camera. Manufactured composite fibers have shown low thermal conductivity and high elasticity, which suggest their potential application as a thermal insulation material with thermal buffer properties. Leakage tests revealed outstanding retention capacity with only 3.5% mass loss after 1000 melting/crystallization cycles. Finally, tensile tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties of the fibers before and after thermal cycling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Duran
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE),
Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- University
of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Europa, 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Artem Nikulin
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE),
Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Angel Serrano
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE),
Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jean-Luc Dauvergne
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE),
Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Yaroslav Grosu
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE),
Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Szkolna 9 street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Jalel Labidi
- University
of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plaza Europa, 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Elena Palomo del Barrio
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE),
Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Su Y, Zhao X, Han Y. Phase Change Microcapsule Composite Material with Intelligent Thermoregulation Function for Infrared Camouflage. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3055. [PMID: 37514444 PMCID: PMC10386667 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The infrared camouflage textile materials with soft and wear-resistant properties can effectively reduce the possibility of soldiers and military equipment being exposed to infrared detectors. In this paper, the infrared camouflage textile composites with intelligent temperature adjustment ability were prepared by different methods, using phase change microcapsule as the main raw material and high polymer polyurethane as the matrix, combining the two factors of temperature control and emissivity reduction. It was tested by differential scanning calorimeter, temperature change tester, infrared emissivity tester, and infrared imager. The results show that the temperature regulation effect of textile materials finished by coating method is better than dip rolling method, the temperature regulation ability and presentation effect are the best when the microcapsule content is 27%. When the bottom layer of infrared camouflage textile composite is 27% phase change microcapsule and the surface layer is 20% copper powder, its infrared emissivity in the band of 2-22 μm is 0.656, and the rate of heating and cooling is obviously slowed down. It has excellent heat storage and temperature regulation function, which can reduce the skin surface temperature by more than 6 °C and effectively reduce the infrared radiation. This study can provide reference for laboratory preparation and industrial production of infrared camouflage composite material. The infrared camouflage textile composite prepared are expected to be used in the field of military textiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Su
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhao
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
- Tianjin Municipal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yue Han
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
A facile synthesis approach of silica aero-gel/eicosane particles and its potential application on polyester fabric to impart thermoregulation properties. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12935. [PMID: 36685384 PMCID: PMC9853369 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This article aims to study the thermo-regulating properties of infiltrated Phase change material (PCM) micro-particles treated on polyester fabric. The melt infiltration method was implemented for the synthesis of the Silica aero-gel/Eicosane particles by dispersing eicosane in silica aero-gel. Synthesized particles were incorporated into the polyester knitted fabric by both exhaustion dyeing and coating method to impart the thermoregulation characteristics. The crystalline structure and the particle size of aero-gel infiltrated PCM particles were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyzer. The presence of eicosane particles deposited on the fabric surface was confirmed by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Finally, while the sample was subjected to heating, both the dyed and coated fabric showed resistance against the rise of temperature due to the presence of phase transition PCM micro-particles compared to the untreated raw fabric sample.
Collapse
|
8
|
Personal Cooling Garments: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245522. [PMID: 36559889 PMCID: PMC9785808 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermal comfort is of critical importance to people during hot weather or harsh working conditions to reduce heat stress. Therefore, personal cooling garments (PCGs) is a promising technology that provides a sustainable solution to provide direct thermal regulation on the human body, while at the same time, effectively reduces energy consumption on whole-building cooling. This paper summarizes the current status of PCGs, and depending on the requirement of electric power supply, we divide the PCGs into two categories with systematic instruction on the cooling materials, working principles, and state-of-the-art research progress. Additionally, the application fields of different cooling strategies are presented. Current problems hindering the improvement of PCGs, and further development recommendations are highlighted, in the hope of fostering and widening the prospect of PCGs.
Collapse
|
9
|
Preparation and application of composite phase change materials stabilized by cellulose nanofibril-based foams for thermal energy storage. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:3001-3013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
10
|
Cooling Effect of Phase Change Materials Applied in Undergarments of Mine Rescuers in Simulated Utility Conditions on Thermal Manikin. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15061999. [PMID: 35329451 PMCID: PMC8951274 DOI: 10.3390/ma15061999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The cooling effect of new undergarments (T-shirt) with PCM was measured using heat flux on a thermal manikin according to four tests variants: in T-shirt without PCM, in T-shirt with PCM, in T-shirt without PCM and with outerwear, in T-shirt with PCM and with outerwear. The tests were done in the climatic chamber under controlled conditions: ta = 32 °C, RH = 70% and Va = 1 m/s. The cooling effect was confirmed by thermograms taken by thermal imaging cameras located on the front and back of the manikin. The results showed that in the case of using a T-shirt with PCM, the effect of heat absorption was observed during the first several dozen minutes of operation. The mean value of the heat flux density (ΔHc) received from the manikin was +15 W/m2. In the case of using outerwear with a T-shirt with PCM, the mean value of the heat flux density (ΔHc) received from the manikin was +31.5 W/m2.
Collapse
|
11
|
Li W, Xu L, Wang X, Zhu R, Yan Y. Phase Change Energy Storage Elastic Fiber: A Simple Route to Personal Thermal Management. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:polym14010053. [PMID: 35012076 PMCID: PMC8747497 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) PCFs possessing a high loaded ratio and high elasticity was simply prepared by vacuum absorption following wet spinning, then coated by waterborne polyurethane (WPU). Octadecane (OCC), hexadecanol (HEO), and stearic acid (SA), which have different tendencies to form hydrogen bonds with TPU, were selected as PCMs, and their thermal behavior, thermal storge properties, and elasticity were systematically studied, respectively. The hierarchical pore structure though from the sheath to the core part of TPU filaments weakened the influence of the nonfreezing layer and hydrogen bond on the crystallization behavior of PCMs. The resulting HEO/TPU fiber has the highest enthalpy of 208.1 J/g compared with OCC and SA. Moreover, the HEO/TPU fiber has an elongation at break of 354.8% when the phase change enthalpy is as high as 177.8 J/g and the phase change enthalpy is still 174.5 J/g after fifty cycles. After ten tensile recovery cycles, the elastic recovery rate of HEO/TPU fiber was only 71.3%. When the HEO in the fiber was liquid state, the elastic recovery rate of HEO/TPU fiber promoted to 91.6%. This elastic PCFs have excellent thermal cycle stability, elastic recovery, and temperature sensitivity. It has great application potential in the fields of flexible wearable devices, intelligent fabrics, and temperature sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weipei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Liqing Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.L.); (L.X.)
| | - Xiangqin Wang
- Guangdong Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Medical Textile Products, Guangzhou Inspection Testing and Certification Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511447, China;
| | - Ruitian Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.L.); (L.X.)
- Guangdong Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Medical Textile Products, Guangzhou Inspection Testing and Certification Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511447, China;
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); Tel.: +86-202-223-6883 (Y.Y.)
| | - Yurong Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.L.); (L.X.)
- Correspondence: (R.Z.); (Y.Y.); Tel.: +86-202-223-6883 (Y.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Olson L, Lothian C, Ådén U, Lagercrantz H, Robertson NJ, Setterwall F. Phase-Changing Glauber Salt Solution for Medical Applications in the 28-32 °C Interval. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14237106. [PMID: 34885261 PMCID: PMC8658730 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The field of medicine requires simple cooling materials. However, there is little knowledge documented about phase change materials (PCM) covering the range of 28 to 40 degrees Celsius, as needed for medical use. Induced mild hypothermia, started within 6 h after birth, is an emerging therapy for reducing death and severe disabilities in asphyxiated infants. Currently, this hypothermia is accomplished with equipment that needs a power source and a liquid supply. Neonatal cooling is more frequent in low-resource settings, where ~1 million deaths are caused by birth-asphyxia. (2) Methods: A simple and safe cooling method suitable for medical application is needed for the 28 to 37.5 °C window. (3) Results: Using empirical experiments in which the ingredients in Glauber salt were changed, we studied the effects of temperature on material in the indicated temperature range. The examination, in a controlled manner, of different mixtures of NaCl, Na2SO4 and water resulted in a better understanding of how the different mixtures act and how to compose salt solutions that can satisfy clinical cooling specifications. (4) Conclusions: Our Glauber salt solution is a clinically suited PCM in the temperature interval needed for the cooling of infants suffering from asphyxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linus Olson
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (U.Å.); (H.L.)
- Department of Neonatology, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +84-0333472900 or +46-707539513
| | - Carina Lothian
- Neonatal Unit, Stockholm Söder Hospital, 11883 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Ulrika Ådén
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (U.Å.); (H.L.)
| | - Hugo Lagercrantz
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden; (U.Å.); (H.L.)
| | - Nicola J. Robertson
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London WC1E 6HU, UK;
| | - Fredrik Setterwall
- Division of Energy Processes, Chemical Engineering and Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden;
| |
Collapse
|