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Zhang Z, Hu L, Wang R, Zhang S, Fu L, Li M, Xiao Q. Advances in Monte Carlo Method for Simulating the Electrical Percolation Behavior of Conductive Polymer Composites with a Carbon-Based Filling. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:545. [PMID: 38399924 PMCID: PMC10891544 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) filled with carbon-based materials are widely used in the fields of antistatic, electromagnetic interference shielding, and wearable electronic devices. The conductivity of CPCs with a carbon-based filling is reflected by their electrical percolation behavior and is the focus of research in this field. Compared to experimental methods, Monte Carlo simulations can predict the conductivity and analyze the factors affecting the conductivity from a microscopic perspective, which greatly reduces the number of experiments and provides a basis for structural design of conductive polymers. This review focuses on Monte Carlo models of CPCs with a carbon-based filling. First, the theoretical basis of the model's construction is introduced, and a Monte Carlo simulation of the electrical percolation behaviors of spherical-, rod-, disk-, and hybridfilled polymers and the analysis of the factors influencing the electrical percolation behavior from a microscopic point of view are summarized. In addition, the paper summarizes the progress of polymer piezoresistive models and polymer foaming structure models that are more relevant to practical applications; finally, we discuss the shortcomings and future research trends of existing Monte Carlo models of CPCs with carbon-based fillings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.Z.); (L.F.)
| | - Liang Hu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China;
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.Z.); (L.F.)
| | - Shujie Zhang
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.Z.); (L.F.)
| | - Lisong Fu
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; (Z.Z.); (L.F.)
| | - Mengxuan Li
- College of Fine Arts & Design, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China;
| | - Qi Xiao
- School of Textile Garment and Design, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu 215500, China;
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Song S, Hong H, Kim KY, Kim KK, Kim J, Won D, Yun S, Choi J, Ryu YI, Lee K, Park J, Kang J, Bang J, Seo H, Kim YC, Lee D, Lee H, Lee J, Hwang SW, Ko SH, Jeon H, Lee W. Photothermal Lithography for Realizing a Stretchable Multilayer Electronic Circuit Using a Laser. ACS NANO 2023; 17:21443-21454. [PMID: 37857269 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Photolithography is a well-established fabrication method for realizing multilayer electronic circuits. However, it is challenging to adopt photolithography to fabricate intrinsically stretchable multilayer electronic circuits fully composed of an elastomeric matrix, due to the opacity of thick stretchable nanocomposite conductors. Here, we present photothermal lithography that can pattern elastomeric conductors and via holes using pulsed lasers. The photothermal-patterned stretchable nanocomposite conductor exhibits 3 times higher conductivity (5940 S cm-1) and 5 orders of magnitude lower resistance change (R/R0 = 40) under a 30% strained 5000th cyclic stretch, compared to those of a screen-printed conductor, based on the percolation network formed by spatial heating of the laser. In addition, a 50 μm sized stretchable via holes can be patterned on the passivation without material ablation and electrical degradation of the bottom conductor. By repeatedly patterning the conductor and via holes, highly conductive and durable multilayer circuits can be stacked with layer-by-layer material integration. Finally, a stretchable wireless pressure sensor and passive matrix LED array are demonstrated, thus showing the potential for a stretchable multilayer electronic circuit with durability, high density, and multifunctionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmin Song
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejun Hong
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Yeun Kim
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun Kyu Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jaewoo Kim
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeyeon Won
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Yun
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhwa Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-In Ryu
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwoo Lee
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Park
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyuk Kang
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyuk Bang
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunseon Seo
- School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Chan Kim
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeho Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Haechang Lee
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Lee
- Department of Mechanical, Robotics, and Energy Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Won Hwang
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Ko
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojeong Jeon
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonryung Lee
- Biomaterials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, University of Science & Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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