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D’Avenio G, Daniele C, Grigioni M. Nanostructured Medical Devices: Regulatory Perspective and Current Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1787. [PMID: 38673144 PMCID: PMC11051465 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterials (NMs) are having a huge impact in several domains, including the fabrication of medical devices (MDs). Hence, nanostructured MDs are becoming quite common; nevertheless, the associated risks must be carefully considered in order to demonstrate safety prior to their immission on the market. The biological effect of NMs requires the consideration of methodological issues since already established methods for, e.g., cytotoxicity can be subject to a loss of accuracy in the presence of certain NMs. The need for oversight of MDs containing NMs is reflected by the European Regulation 2017/745 on MDs, which states that MDs incorporating or consisting of NMs are in class III, at highest risk, unless the NM is encapsulated or bound in such a manner that the potential for its internal exposure is low or negligible (Rule 19). This study addresses the role of NMs in medical devices, highlighting the current applications and considering the regulatory requirements of such products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe D’Avenio
- National Centre for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.D.); (M.G.)
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Solís-Cruz GY, Alvarez-Roman R, Rivas-Galindo VM, Galindo-Rodríguez SA, Silva-Mares DA, Marino-Martínez IA, Escobar-Saucedo M, Pérez-López LA. Formulation and optimization of polymeric nanoparticles loaded with riolozatrione: a promising nanoformulation with potential antiherpetic activity. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2023; 73:457-473. [PMID: 37708959 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2023-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Riolozatrione (RZ) is a diterpenoid compound isolated from a dichloromethane extract of the Jatropha dioica root. This compound has been shown to possess moderate antiherpetic activity in vitro. However, because of the poor solubility of this compound in aqueous vehicles, generating a stable formulation for potential use in the treatment of infection is challenging. The aim of this work was to optimize and physio-chemically characterize Eudragit® L100-55-based polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with RZ (NPR) for in vitro antiherpetic application. The NPs formulation was initially optimized using the dichloromethane extract of J. dioica, the major component of which was RZ. The optimized NPR formulation was stable, with a size of 263 nm, polydispersity index < 0.2, the zeta potential of -37 mV, and RZ encapsulation efficiency of 89 %. The NPR showed sustained release of RZ for 48 h with release percentages of 95 and 97 % at neutral and slightly acidic pH, respectively. Regarding in vitro antiherpetic activity, the optimized NPR showed a selectivity index for HSV-1 of ≈16 and for HSV-2 of 13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Y Solís-Cruz
- Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Analytical Chemistry Monterrey 66460, Nuevo León, México
| | - Rocío Alvarez-Roman
- Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Analytical Chemistry Monterrey 66460, Nuevo León, México
| | - Verónica M Rivas-Galindo
- Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Analytical Chemistry Monterrey 66460, Nuevo León, México
| | - Sergio Arturo Galindo-Rodríguez
- Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - David A Silva-Mares
- Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Analytical Chemistry Monterrey 66460, Nuevo León, México
| | - Iván A Marino-Martínez
- Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Center for Research and Development in Health Sciences Monterrey 66460, Nuevo León, México
- Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Monterrey 66460, Nuevo León, México
| | - Magdalena Escobar-Saucedo
- Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Analytical Chemistry Monterrey 66460, Nuevo León, México
| | - Luis A Pérez-López
- Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Analytical Chemistry Monterrey 66460, Nuevo León, México
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Chronopoulou L, Binaymotlagh R, Cerra S, Haghighi FH, Di Domenico EG, Sivori F, Fratoddi I, Mignardi S, Palocci C. Preparation of Hydrogel Composites Using a Sustainable Approach for In Situ Silver Nanoparticles Formation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16062134. [PMID: 36984014 PMCID: PMC10056655 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The recognized antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) characterize them as attractive nanomaterials for developing new bioactive materials less prone to the development of antibiotic resistance. In this work, we developed new composites based on self-assembling Fmoc-Phe3 peptide hydrogels impregnated with in situ prepared AgNPs. Different methodologies, from traditional to innovative and eco-sustainable, were compared. The obtained composites were characterized from a hydrodynamic, structural, and morphological point of view, using different techniques such as DLS, SEM, and rheological measurements to evaluate how the choice of the reducing agent determines the characteristics of AgNPs and how their presence within the hydrogel affects their structure and properties. Moreover, the antibacterial properties of these composites were tested against S. aureus, a major human pathogen responsible for a wide range of clinical infections. Results demonstrated that the hydrogel composites containing AgNPs (hgel@AgNPs) could represent promising biomaterials for treating S. aureus-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Chronopoulou
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Research Center for Applied Sciences to the Safeguard of Environment and Cultural Heritage (CIABC), Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roya Binaymotlagh
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Cerra
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Farid Hajareh Haghighi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Enea Gino Di Domenico
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sivori
- Microbiology and Virology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Fratoddi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvano Mignardi
- Research Center for Applied Sciences to the Safeguard of Environment and Cultural Heritage (CIABC), Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Cleofe Palocci
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Research Center for Applied Sciences to the Safeguard of Environment and Cultural Heritage (CIABC), Sapienza University of Rome, P. le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Chen J, Lin Y, Wu M, Li C, Cen K, Liu F, Liao Y, Zhou X, Xu J, Cheng Y. Glycyrrhetinic acid proliposomes mediated by mannosylated ligand: Preparation, physicochemical characterization, environmental stability and bioactivity evaluation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 218:112781. [PMID: 36007313 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glycyrrhetinic acid is a bioactive compound extracted from licorice that exhibits inhibition effect on various cancers. However, its hydrophobicity results in low bioavailability that limits application. We aim to overcome this barrier, the present research was performed to prepare glycyrrhetinic acid proliposomes mediated mannosylated ligand (mannose-diester lauric diacid-cholesterol, MDC) and to evaluate its physicochemical characterizations, environmental stability and bioactivity. In preliminary optimization studies of glycyrrhetinic acid proliposomes mediated MDC (MDC-GA-PL), four optimum operating parameters, cryoprotectant of glucose and mannitol, the mixed cryoprotectant ratio (glucose/mannitol) of 1:1, a cryoprotectant/egg phosphatidylcholine mass ratio of 10/1, and -60 ℃ pre-freezing temperature, were obtained after investigation. Under the optimum lyophilization conditions, MDC-GA-PL was freeze-dried and reconstituted proliposomes were characterized. These proliposomes showed that MDC-GA-PL were well-dispersible spherical particles with an average particle size of 120.80 nm, a polydispersity index about 0.095, a zeta potential of -33.15 mV, encapsulation efficiency of 85.9% and drug loading of 6.38%. In vitro drug release study showed that glycyrrhetinic acid release of MDC-GA-PL conforms to the Higuchi release model. In addition, these proliposomes were stable during six months at 4 ℃. Moreover, acute toxicity assay revealed no substantial safety concern for MDC-GA-PL. Finally, in vitro bioactivity of proliposomes was evaluated. Cytotoxicity effect and apoptosis efficiency of MDC-GA-PL by HepG2 cells was significantly higher than that of glycyrrhetinic acid proliposomes without MDC, demonstrating that MDC has a desirable effect on liver target. Overall, we have reason to believe that MDC-GA-PL would be a promising target delivery to improve therapeutic against hepatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China.
| | - Yuan Lin
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Min Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Chuangnan Li
- Neurosurgery Department, Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of TCM, Affiliated Jiangmen TCM Hospital of Jinan University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Kaijie Cen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Fujin Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Yazhi Liao
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Jucai Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Yi Cheng
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Cheng H, Jia X, Yuan D, Li H, Wang L, Fu T, Qiao H, Chen J, Wang Z, Cui X, Cheng J, Li J. Excipient-free nanodispersions dominated by amphiphilic glycosides for bioavailability enhancement of hydrophobic aglycones, a case of glycyrrhetinic acid with diammonium glycyrrhizinate. Int J Pharm 2022; 620:121770. [PMID: 35483618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural aglycones, a major ingredient accompanied by glycosides in plants, have played an important role in the treatment of various diseases. However, their bioavailability is limited by their poor water solubility. In contrast to previous efforts that required the use of new exotic materials which may raise concerns about biocompatibility, we report the first case of excipient-free nanodispersions in which an insoluble glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) assembled with its amphiphilic parent drug diammonium glycyrrhizinate (DG) into water-dispersible nanodispersions (130.8 nm for particle size and 91.74% for encapsulation efficiency). This strategy largely increased GA's water apparent solubility by hundreds of times to 549.0 μg/mL with a high cumulative dissolution percentage in vitro greater than 80% in 5 min. The study on the formation mechanism showed that the OH, C-O and C=O group stretching peaks shifted in the FTIR spectra of GA-DG nanodispersions, while the COOH peak (δ COOH 12.19 ppm) disappeared in the 1H NMR spectrum of GA-DG nanodispersions, indicating that carboxyl groups on GA may interact with the hydroxyl groups of DG in solution. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that both hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen-bond interactions contribute to the coassembly of GA and DG molecules in aqueous solution. Oral pharmacokinetic studies in rats demonstrated that such nanodispersions have a significant increase in Cmax and AUC0-t of 2.45- and 3.45-fold compared with those for GA, respectively. Therefore, this strategy, employing amphiphilic glycosides as excipients to prepare nanodispersions, not using new materials, paves the way for the further application of hydrophobic aglycone drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaoshun Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Dandan Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Huaning Li
- Medical Department, Weifang Medical College, Weifang 261042, PR China
| | - Lingchong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Tingming Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hongzhi Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zengwu Wang
- Medical Department, Weifang Medical College, Weifang 261042, PR China
| | - Xiaobing Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Jianming Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Classical Prescription, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Junsong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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Speciale A, Muscarà C, Molonia MS, Cristani M, Cimino F, Saija A. Recent Advances in Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Functionalized Biomaterials for Liver Cancer-Targeting Therapy. Molecules 2022; 27:1775. [PMID: 35335138 PMCID: PMC8954912 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer mortality worldwide. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the conventional therapies generally employed in patients with liver tumors. The major issue associated with the administration of chemotherapeutics is their high toxicity and lack of selectivity, leading to systemic toxicity that can be detrimental to the patient's quality of life. An important approach to the development of original liver-targeted therapeutic products takes advantage of the employment of biologically active ligands able to bind specific receptors on the cytoplasmatic membranes of liver cells. In this perspective, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid present in roots and rhizomes of licorice, has been used as a ligand for targeting the liver due to the expression of GA receptors on the sinusoidal surface of mammalian hepatocytes, so it may be employed to modify drug delivery systems (DDSs) and obtain better liver or hepatocyte drug uptake and efficacy. In the current review, we focus on the most recent and interesting research advances in the development of GA-based hybrid compounds and DDSs developed for potential employment as efficacious therapeutic options for the treatment of hepatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Francesco Cimino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.S.); (C.M.); (M.S.M.); (M.C.); (A.S.)
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