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Abd El-Azeem SA, Harpy NM. Radioactive Attenuation Using Different Types of Natural Rocks. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3462. [PMID: 39063754 PMCID: PMC11277897 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Humans benefit from nuclear technology, but it also generates nuclear radiation that is bad for both the environment and human health. The serious issue of radiation leakage affects many technological applications. Shielding is required to protect both users and the environment from negative side effects. This work describes the radioactive attenuation properties of some natural rocks, such as claystone, bentonitic claystone, bentonitic shale, sandstone, and basalt using a NaI(Tl) detector. The mass attenuation coefficients μm of these rocks at various photon energies, half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), and mean free path (MFP) were determined. The validation of obtained values of μm was carried out against the theoretical calculations from the XCOM program, and the correlation factor and relative deviation between the two methods were evaluated. It was noted that basalt samples exhibit superior shielding parameters when compared to other rock samples. Also, the concentrations of naturally occurring radioactive elements (238U, 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) were measured, allowing for the calculation of environmental hazard indices and assessment of attenuation (%) efficiency for certain natural rocks, such as bentonite, sandstone, and basalt. The results revealed that increasing the thickness of Basalt-AZ from 1.5 cm to 2 cm results in an approximate 11% rise in attenuation percentage, with values reaching 77.12%, 67.2%, 67.65%, and 59.8% for NMA-U, IAEA-Th, IAEA-Ra, and IAEA-K, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Abd El-Azeem
- Physics Department, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Physics Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11757, Egypt
| | - Nareman M. Harpy
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El-Maadi, Cairo 11728, Egypt;
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Camgöz YI, Camgöz B, Yaprak G. Investigation on radiation attenuation properties of natural stone samples traded in Turkey. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171452. [PMID: 38460692 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Although radioprotection is globally regulated for high radiation exposure, formal guidelines concerning natural radiation exposure that causes stochastic radiation effects have not been established. The commonly used absorbers lead, tungsten and bismuth are not appropriate for the radioprotection of the public. The primary barrier against natural radiation is the structural components of buildings, where humans spend approximately 80 % of their lifetime. Natural stones are secondary materials, which are applied to walls and floors as coating. This study focuses on the radiation shielding properties of natural stones. Herein, the samples of marble, granite and sedimentary rock traded in Turkey were examined to determine whether they can serve as passive or alternative radioprotection materials. Notable gamma absorption rates were obtained when an intense gamma source with an energy of 662 keV was used. The calculated mass attenuation coefficients were comparable with those of copper and aluminium. The mean mass attenuation coefficient was 0.082 cm2/g for marbles and granites and 0.080 cm2/g for sedimentary rocks. Considering the stochastic effects, the use of the natural stones as construction materials is anticipated to significantly reduce the natural radiation level in inhabitable regions. Furthermore, natural stones can be used in clinics as secondary radiation shields against low-energy gamma and x-rays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Berkay Camgöz
- Ege University, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Günseli Yaprak
- Ege University, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
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Tamam N, Al Huwayz M, Alrowaili ZA, Alwadai N, Katubi KM, Alqahtani MS, Olarinoye IO, Al-Buriahi MS. Radiation attenuation of boro-tellurite glasses for efficient shielding applications. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 203:111080. [PMID: 37939609 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.111080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The borotellurite glasses whose chemical structure is (29.5-0.4x)CaO + 10CaF2 + (60-0.6x)B2O3 + xTeO2+ 0.5Yb2O3 (where x=10, 16, 22, 31, and 54 % mole. represent TCCBY1-TCCBY5, respectively) are Pb-free, thermally stable, and transparent glasses with attractive optical features for technological applications. The gamma-photons, electrons, protons, neutrons, carbon ions, fast neutrons, and fast neutron interaction parameters of these glasses are presented in this study to better understand the role of TeO2 in influencing their radiation shielding properties and radiation protection applications. The photon mass attenuation coefficient was evaluated by XCOM computation and simulation using the FLUKA code. The FLUKA code was also used to evaluate the mass stopping powers of the charged radiations, while neutrons' cross sections were evaluated using standard expressions. For 0.015 MeV-15 MeV photons, the mass attenuation coefficients of the glasses fell from 17.9499 to 0.0246 cm2/g for TCCBY1, 20.5628 to 0.0263 cm2/g for TCCBY2, 23.2756 to 0.079 cm2/g for TCCBY3, 26.7487 to 0.0298 cm2/g for TCCBY4, and 33.3591 to 0.0335 cm2/g for TCCBY5. The photon half-value layer at 15 keV is reduced by about 19.57%, 32.68%, 48.84%, and 63.89% when the TeO2 content increases from 10 mol to 16, 22, 31, and 54 mol, respectively. TeO2 was found to suppress photon buildup in the glasses. The mass stopping powers of charged radiation increased as glass density decreased. The addition of TeO2 into the glass structure increased the ability of the TCCBY glass to absorb fast neutrons by up to 54 % mole. The gamma radiation and fast neutron moderating ability of TCCBY5 glass compared to common shields and other materials is exceptional. The glass is recommended for the design of Pb-free, transparent, and efficient radiation protection structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nissren Tamam
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Al Huwayz
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z A Alrowaili
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O.Box:2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Alwadai
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadijah Mohammedsaleh Katubi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P .O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - I O Olarinoye
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
| | - M S Al-Buriahi
- Department of Physics, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey.
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Kassem SM, Abdel Maksoud M, Ghobashy MM, El Sayed AM, Ebraheem S, Helal A, Ebaid Y. Novel flexible and lead-free gamma radiation shielding nanocomposites based on LDPE/SBR blend and BaWO4/B2O3 heterostructures. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2023.110953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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Yılmaz D, Kılıc AD, Kalecik S. Radiation shielding parameters and Micro-Raman spectral analysis of some pyroclastic rocks. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Masoud MA, El-Khayatt AM, Shahien MG, Bakhit BR, Suliman II, Zayed AM. Radiation Attenuation Assessment of Serpentinite Rocks from a Geological Perspective. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10110697. [PMID: 36422904 PMCID: PMC9698313 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Serpentinites are metamorphic rocks that are widely applied as aggregates in the production of radiation-shielding concrete. Different varieties of massive serpentinite mountains located in Egypt exist without real investment. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the radiation shielding efficacy of three varieties of serpentinite rocks from different geological perspectives: mineralogical, geochemical, and morphological characteristics. X-ray diffraction, transmitted-light microscopy, and thermal analysis were required to characterize their mineralogical composition, while X-ray fluorescence was necessary to investigate their geochemical features. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy was used to detect their morphological characteristics. On the other hand, the PuBe source and stilbene detector were employed for the experimental determination of fast neutrons and γ-ray attenuations, which were conducted at energy ranges of 0.8−11 and 0.4−8.3 MeV, respectively. Based on the mineralogical, geochemical, and morphological characteristics of these rocks, the radiation attenuation capacity of lizardite > antigorite > chrysotile. However, these serpentinites can be applied as a natural alternative to some radiation-shielding concrete in radiotherapy centers and other counterpart facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A. Masoud
- Applied Mineralogy and Water Research Lab (AMWRL), Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (A.M.E.-K.)
| | - Ahmed M. El-Khayatt
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11642, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.A.M.); (A.M.E.-K.)
| | - Mohamed G. Shahien
- Applied Mineralogy and Water Research Lab (AMWRL), Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Bottros R. Bakhit
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim I. Suliman
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11642, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Zayed
- Applied Mineralogy and Water Research Lab (AMWRL), Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt
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