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Zhang D, Chen T, Shen T, Zhang Y, He Y, Si J, Hou X. Sub-diffraction limited nanogroove fabrication of 30 nm features on diamond films using 800 nm femtosecond laser irradiation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24240. [PMID: 38304800 PMCID: PMC10831597 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
By controlling the 800 nm fs laser energy and applying an isopropyl alcohol environment, controlled sub-diffraction limited lithography with a characteristic structure of approximately 30 nm was achieved on the surface of diamond films, and diamond gratings with a period of 200 nm were fabricated. The fabrication of single grooves with a feature size of 30 nm demonstrates the potential for patterning periodic or nonperiodic structures, and the fabrication of 200 nm periodic grating structures demonstrates the ability of the technique to withstand laser proximity effects. This enhances the technology of diamond film nanofabrication and broadens its potential applications in areas such as optoelectronics and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Electronics and Devices, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Physical Electronics and Devices, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Tianlun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Physical Electronics and Devices, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Electronics and Devices, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yingsong He
- Key Laboratory of Physical Electronics and Devices, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jinhai Si
- Key Laboratory of Physical Electronics and Devices, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Physical Electronics and Devices, Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
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2
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Zhu Y, Cai P, Zhang W, Meng T, Tang Y, Yi Z, Wei K, Li G, Tang B, Yi Y. Ultra-Wideband High-Efficiency Solar Absorber and Thermal Emitter Based on Semiconductor InAs Microstructures. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1597. [PMID: 37630133 PMCID: PMC10456737 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Since the use of chemical fuels is permanently damaging the environment, the need for new energy sources is urgent for mankind. Given that solar energy is a clean and sustainable energy source, this study investigates and proposes a six-layer composite ultra-wideband high-efficiency solar absorber with an annular microstructure. It achieves this by using a combination of the properties of metamaterials and the quantum confinement effects of semiconductor materials. The substrate is W-Ti-Al2O3, and the microstructure is an annular InAs-square InAs film-Ti film combination. We used Lumerical Solutions' FDTD solution program to simulate the absorber and calculate the model's absorption, field distribution, and thermal radiation efficiency (when it is used as a thermal emitter), and further explored the physical mechanism of the model's ultra-broadband absorption. Our model has an average absorption of 95.80% in the 283-3615 nm band, 95.66% in the 280-4000 nm band, and a weighted average absorption efficiency of 95.78% under AM1.5 illumination. Meanwhile, the reflectance of the model in the 5586-20,000 nm band is all higher than 80%, with an average reflectance of 94.52%, which has a good thermal infrared suppression performance. It is 95.42% under thermal radiation at 1000 K. It has outstanding performance when employed as a thermal emitter as well. Additionally, simulation results show that the absorber has good polarization and incidence angle insensitivity. The model may be applied to photodetection, thermophotovoltaics, bio-detection, imaging, thermal ion emission, and solar water evaporation for water purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying Zhu
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Friendly Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process Testing Technology of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Pinggen Cai
- Department of Applied Physics, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China;
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Friendly Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process Testing Technology of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Tongyu Meng
- Leicester International Institute, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 124221, China;
| | - Yongjian Tang
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Friendly Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process Testing Technology of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Zao Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Friendly Energy Materials, Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Process Testing Technology of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China; (Y.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.)
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Kaihua Wei
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Gongfa Li
- Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and Control Technology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China;
| | - Bin Tang
- School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China;
| | - Yougen Yi
- College of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
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Li X, Li M. Broadband Antireflective Hybrid Micro/Nanostructure on Zinc Sulfide Fabricated by Optimal Bessel Femtosecond Laser. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1225. [PMID: 37049318 PMCID: PMC10097145 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the infrared window transmittance of zinc sulfide (ZnS) is important to improve the performance of infrared detector systems. In this work, a new hybrid micro/nanostructure was fabricated by an optimal Bessel femtosecond laser on ZnS substrate. The surface morphologies and profiles of ASS ablated by a 20× microscope objective Bessel beam are described, indicating that the nanoripples on the micropore were formed by the SPP interference and the SPP scattering in a particular direction. Further, the maximum average transmittance of ASS increased by 9.7% and 12.3% in the wavelength ranges of 5~12 μm and 8~12 μm, respectively. Finally, the antireflective mechanism of the hybrid micro/nanostructure is explored using the novel electromagnetic field model based on the FDTD method, and we attribute the stable antireflective performance of ASS in broadband to the interface effective dielectric effect and LLFE.
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Ali A, Piatkowski P, Alnaser AS. Study on the Origin and Evolution of Femtosecond Laser-Induced Surface Structures: LIPSS, Quasi-Periodic Grooves, and Aperiodic Micro-Ridges. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2184. [PMID: 36984064 PMCID: PMC10057636 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the evolution mechanisms of the laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) and quasi-periodic grooves that are formed on the surface of monocrystalline silicon (mono-Si) when exposed to femtosecond laser radiation of different pulse duration, state of polarization, and fluence. The conditions required for producing LIPSS-free complex micro-ridge patterns are elaborated. The LIPSS evolution mechanism is explained in terms of scattering/interference-based phenomena. To establish the basis for our interpretation, single femtosecond pulses of different pulse durations are irradiated on mono-Si. The absence/appearance of LIPSS rudiments is explained in the context of spectral bandwidth and the associated effects on the intensity of the central wavelength. Shorter fs pulses of a wider bandwidth are employed to induce LIPSS-free micro-ridge patterns. It is demonstrated that the resultant micro-ridge patterns depend on the laser fluence distribution and can be manipulated through laser polarization. The curved morphology of LIPSS rudiments and the evolution mechanism of low- and high-spatial frequency LIPSS, i.e., LSFL and HSFL, are discussed. Finally, it is demonstrated that the consolidated quasi-periodic grooves result from HSFL welding together groups of LSFL. Although our findings are based on fs laser interaction with mono-Si, the results can also be applied to many other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Ali
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Piotr Piatkowski
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali S. Alnaser
- Department of Physics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
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Mastellone M, Bolli E, Valentini V, Orlando S, Lettino A, Polini R, Buijnsters JG, Bellucci A, Trucchi DM. Surface Nanotexturing of Boron-Doped Diamond Films by Ultrashort Laser Pulses. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:389. [PMID: 36838089 PMCID: PMC9959392 DOI: 10.3390/mi14020389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polycrystalline boron-doped diamond (BDD) films were surface nanotextured by femtosecond pulsed laser irradiation (100 fs duration, 800 nm wavelength, 1.44 J cm-2 single pulse fluence) to analyse the evolution of induced alterations on the surface morphology and structural properties. The aim was to identify the occurrence of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) as a function of the number of pulses released on the unit area. Micro-Raman spectroscopy pointed out an increase in the graphite surface content of the films following the laser irradiation due to the formation of ordered carbon sites with respect to the pristine sample. SEM and AFM surface morphology studies allowed the determination of two different types of surface patterning: narrow but highly irregular ripples without a definite spatial periodicity or long-range order for irradiations with relatively low accumulated fluences (<14.4 J cm-2) and coarse but highly regular LIPSS with a spatial periodicity of approximately 630 nm ± 30 nm for higher fluences up to 230.4 J cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Mastellone
- CNR-ISM, DiaTHEMA Lab, U.O.S. Montelibretti, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Eleonora Bolli
- CNR-ISM, DiaTHEMA Lab, U.O.S. Montelibretti, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Veronica Valentini
- CNR-ISM, DiaTHEMA Lab, U.O.S. Montelibretti, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Stefano Orlando
- CNR-ISM, FemtoLAB, U.O.S. Tito Scalo, Zona Industriale, 85050 Tito, Italy
| | - Antonio Lettino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma ‘Tor Vergata’, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Josephus Gerardus Buijnsters
- Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Bellucci
- CNR-ISM, DiaTHEMA Lab, U.O.S. Montelibretti, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Daniele Maria Trucchi
- CNR-ISM, DiaTHEMA Lab, U.O.S. Montelibretti, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
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Sabzi D, Hsu Ko D, Partridge A, Hosseini A. Impact of Self-Assembled Monolayer Templates on Electrodeposition of Pt Particles. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Santagata A, Pace ML, Bellucci A, Mastellone M, Bolli E, Valentini V, Orlando S, Sani E, Failla S, Sciti D, Trucchi DM. Enhanced and Selective Absorption of Molybdenum Nanostructured Surfaces for Concentrated Solar Energy Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8333. [PMID: 36499821 PMCID: PMC9741426 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Surfaces of commercial molybdenum (Mo) plates have been textured by fs-laser treatments with the aim to form low-cost and efficient solar absorbers and substrates for thermionic cathodes in Concentrated Solar Power conversion devices. Morphological (SEM and AFM), optical (spectrophotometry), and structural (Raman spectroscopy) properties of the samples treated at different laser fluences (from 1.8 to 14 J/cm2) have been characterized after the laser treatments and also following long thermal annealing for simulating the operating conditions of thermionic converters. A significant improvement of the solar absorptance and selectivity, with a maximum value of about four times higher than the pristine sample at a temperature of 800 K, has been detected for sample surfaces treated at intermediate fluences. The effects observed have been related to the light trapping capability of the laser-induced nanotexturing, whereas a low selectivity, together with a high absorptance, could be revealed when the highest laser fluence was employed due to a significant presence of oxide species. The ageing process confirms the performance improvement shown when treated samples are used as solar absorbers, even though, due to chemical modification occurring at the surface, a decrease of the solar absorptance takes place. Interestingly, the sample showing the highest quantity of oxides preserves more efficiently the laser texturing. The observation of this behaviour allows to extend the applicability of the laser treatments since, by further nanostructuring of the Mo oxides, it could be beneficial also for sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Santagata
- CNR-ISM, FemtoLAB, U.O.S. Tito Scalo, Zona Industriale, 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Pace
- CNR-ISM, FemtoLAB, U.O.S. Tito Scalo, Zona Industriale, 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bellucci
- CNR-ISM, DiaTHEMA Laboratory, U.O.S. Montelibretti, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, (Rome), Italy
| | - Matteo Mastellone
- CNR-ISM, DiaTHEMA Laboratory, U.O.S. Montelibretti, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, (Rome), Italy
| | - Eleonora Bolli
- CNR-ISM, DiaTHEMA Laboratory, U.O.S. Montelibretti, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, (Rome), Italy
| | - Veronica Valentini
- CNR-ISM, DiaTHEMA Laboratory, U.O.S. Montelibretti, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, (Rome), Italy
| | - Stefano Orlando
- CNR-ISM, FemtoLAB, U.O.S. Tito Scalo, Zona Industriale, 85050 Tito Scalo, Italy
| | - Elisa Sani
- CNR-INO, Largo Enrico Fermi, 6, 50125 Florence, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniele Maria Trucchi
- CNR-ISM, DiaTHEMA Laboratory, U.O.S. Montelibretti, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, (Rome), Italy
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Navickas M, Grigutis R, Jukna V, Tamošauskas G, Dubietis A. Low spatial frequency laser-induced periodic surface structures in fused silica inscribed by widely tunable femtosecond laser pulses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20231. [PMID: 36418435 PMCID: PMC9684477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24771-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation and evolution of laser-induced periodic surface structures in fused silica under irradiation of widely tunable (in the 1-3 [Formula: see text]m range) linearly polarized femtosecond (200 fs) pulses was studied experimentally. The structures were inscribed in high fluence regime (exceeding the surface ablation threshold for a single pulse) and characterized by using scanning electron microscopy and two dimensional Fourier transform. The results revealed rapid (after irradiation with a few successive pulses) formation of periodic laser-induced periodic surface structures aligned parallel to laser polarization, whose period increases with increasing the inscription wavelength, obeying the [Formula: see text] law. With further increase of number of pulses, the generated structures gradually reorganize into laser polarization-independent low spatial frequency annular structures associated with formation of the damage crater, which fully established after irradiation with a few tens of successive laser pulses. This particular evolution scenario was observed over the entire wavelength tuning range of incident pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Navickas
- grid.6441.70000 0001 2243 2806Laser Research Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 10, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Robertas Grigutis
- grid.6441.70000 0001 2243 2806Laser Research Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 10, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Jukna
- grid.6441.70000 0001 2243 2806Laser Research Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 10, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gintaras Tamošauskas
- grid.6441.70000 0001 2243 2806Laser Research Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 10, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Dubietis
- grid.6441.70000 0001 2243 2806Laser Research Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio Avenue 10, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
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9
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Orsini A, Barettin D, Ercoli F, Rossi MC, Pettinato S, Salvatori S, Mezzi A, Polini R, Bellucci A, Mastellone M, Girolami M, Valentini V, Orlando S, Trucchi DM. Charge Transport Mechanisms of Black Diamond at Cryogenic Temperatures. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132253. [PMID: 35808088 PMCID: PMC9268584 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Black diamond is an emerging material for solar applications. The femtosecond laser surface treatment of pristine transparent diamond allows the solar absorptance to be increased to values greater than 90% from semi-transparency conditions. In addition, the defects introduced by fs-laser treatment strongly increase the diamond surface electrical conductivity and a very-low activation energy is observed at room temperature. In this work, the investigation of electronic transport mechanisms of a fs-laser nanotextured diamond surface is reported. The charge transport was studied down to cryogenic temperatures, in the 30−300 K range. The samples show an activation energy of a few tens of meV in the highest temperature interval and for T < 50 K, the activation energy diminishes to a few meV. Moreover, thanks to fast cycles of measurement, we noticed that the black-diamond samples also seem to show a behavior close to ferromagnetic materials, suggesting electron spin influence over the transport properties. The mentioned properties open a new perspective in designing novel diamond-based biosensors and a deep knowledge of the charge-carrier transport in black diamond becomes fundamental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Orsini
- Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano, 00166 Roma, Italy; (D.B.); (S.P.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniele Barettin
- Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano, 00166 Roma, Italy; (D.B.); (S.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Federica Ercoli
- Università degli Studi Roma Tre, 00154 Roma, Italy; (F.E.); (M.C.R.)
| | | | - Sara Pettinato
- Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano, 00166 Roma, Italy; (D.B.); (S.P.); (S.S.)
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Stefano Salvatori
- Università degli Studi Niccolò Cusano, 00166 Roma, Italy; (D.B.); (S.P.); (S.S.)
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Alessio Mezzi
- Istituto per lo Studio di Materiali Nanostrutturati, ISMN-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Polini
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
- Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bellucci
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Matteo Mastellone
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Marco Girolami
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Veronica Valentini
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Stefano Orlando
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Daniele Maria Trucchi
- Istituto di Struttura della Materia, ISM-CNR, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Italy; (R.P.); (A.B.); (M.M.); (M.G.); (V.V.); (S.O.); (D.M.T.)
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He W, Zhao B, Yang J, Wen J, Wu H, Guo S, Bai L. Manipulation of Subwavelength Periodic Structures Formation on 4H-SiC Surface with Three Temporally Delayed Femtosecond Laser Irradiations. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050796. [PMID: 35269288 PMCID: PMC8912547 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Controlling laser-induced periodic surface structures on semiconductor materials is of significant importance for micro/nanophotonics. We here demonstrate a new approach to form the unusual structures on 4H-SiC crystal surface under irradiation of three collinear temporally delayed femtosecond laser beams (800 nm wavelength, 50 fs duration, 1 kHz repetition), with orthogonal linear polarizations. Different types of surface structures, two-dimensional arrays of square islands (670 nm periodicity) and one-dimensional ripple structures (678 nm periodicity) are found to uniformly distribute over the laser-exposed areas, both of which are remarkably featured by the low spatial frequency. By altering the time delay among three laser beams, we can flexibly control the transition between the two surface structures. The experimental results are well explained by a physical model of the thermally correlated actions among three laser-material interaction processes. This investigation provides a simple, flexible, and controllable processing approach for the large-scale assembly of complex functional nanostructures on bulk semiconductor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlin He
- School of Science, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China; (W.H.); (J.W.); (H.W.); (S.G.); (L.B.)
| | - Bo Zhao
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China;
- Department of Electronic Information and Physics, Changzhi University, Changzhi 046011, China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Junqing Wen
- School of Science, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China; (W.H.); (J.W.); (H.W.); (S.G.); (L.B.)
| | - Hua Wu
- School of Science, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China; (W.H.); (J.W.); (H.W.); (S.G.); (L.B.)
| | - Shaoli Guo
- School of Science, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China; (W.H.); (J.W.); (H.W.); (S.G.); (L.B.)
| | - Lihua Bai
- School of Science, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China; (W.H.); (J.W.); (H.W.); (S.G.); (L.B.)
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