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Ammara A, Abbas G, Pepe FV, Afzaal M, Qamar M, Ghuffar A. The Influence of Substrate on the Optical Properties of Gold Nanoslits. J Imaging 2023; 9:269. [PMID: 38132687 PMCID: PMC10744072 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging9120269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoslits have various applications, including localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-based nanodevices, optical biosensors, superfocusing, high-efficiency refractive index sensors and chip-based protein detection. In this study, the effect of substrates on the optical properties of gold nanoslits placed in free space is discussed; for this purpose, glass BK7 and Al2O3 are used as substrates and the wavelength of incident light is supposed to be 650 nm. The optical properties, power flow and electric field enhancement for gold nanoslits are investigated by using the finite element method (FEM) in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The effect of polarization of an incident electromagnetic wave as it propagates from a gold nanoslit is also analyzed. As special case, the effect of glass and alumina substrate on magnetic field, power flow and electric field enhancement is discussed. The goal of this research is to investigate the phenomenon of power flow and electric field enhancement. The study of power flow in gold nanoslits provides valuable insights into the behavior of light at the nanoscale and offers opportunities for developing novel applications in the field of nanophotonics and plasmonics. The consequences of this study show the significance of gold nanoslits as optical nanosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammara Ammara
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, I-70126 Bari, Italy; (A.A.)
- Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Physics, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 33401, Pakistan
| | - Francesco V. Pepe
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, I-70126 Bari, Italy; (A.A.)
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qamar
- Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Ghuffar
- Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Al-Zubeidi A, Wang Y, Lin J, Flatebo C, Landes CF, Ren H, Link S. d-Band Holes React at the Tips of Gold Nanorods. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:5297-5304. [PMID: 37267074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Reactive hot spots on plasmonic nanoparticles have attracted attention for photocatalysis as they allow for efficient catalyst design. While sharp tips have been identified as optimal features for field enhancement and hot electron generation, the locations of catalytically promising d-band holes are less clear. Here we exploit d-band hole-enhanced dissolution of gold nanorods as a model reaction to locate reactive hot spots produced from direct interband transitions, while the role of the plasmon is to follow the reaction optically in real time. Using a combination of single-particle electrochemistry and single-particle spectroscopy, we determine that d-band holes increase the rate of gold nanorod electrodissolution at their tips. While nanorods dissolve isotropically in the dark, the same nanoparticles switch to tip-enhanced dissolution upon illimitation with 488 nm light. Electron microscopy confirms that dissolution enhancement is exclusively at the tips of the nanorods, consistent with previous theoretical work that predicts the location of d-band holes. We, therefore, conclude that d-band holes drive reactions selectively at the nanorod tips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Al-Zubeidi
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Jiamu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Charlotte Flatebo
- Applied Physics Program, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Christy F Landes
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Hang Ren
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Stephan Link
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, United States
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Li H, Niu D, Zhang Z, Yang F, Wang H, Cheng W. One-Dimensional Mn 5Si 3 Nanorods: Fabrication, Microstructure, and Magnetic Properties via a Novel Casting-Extraction Route. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16093540. [PMID: 37176422 PMCID: PMC10179953 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a simple and innovative approach for producing one-dimensional Mn5Si3 nanorods through a casting-extraction process. In this technique, the Mn5Si3 nanorods were synthesized by reacting Mn and Si during brass solidification and extracted by electrochemical etching of the brass matrix. The effect of the cooling rate during casting on the nanorods' dimension, morphology, and magnetic properties was investigated. The results demonstrate that the prepared high-purity Mn5Si3 nanorods had a single-crystal D88 structure and exhibited ferromagnetism at room temperature. The morphology of the nanorods was an elongated hexagonal prism, and their preferred growth was along the [0001] crystal direction. Increasing the cooling rate from 5 K/s to 50 K/s lead to a decrease in the dimension of the nanorods but an increase in their ferromagnetism. At the optimal cooling rate of 50 K/s, the nanorods had a diameter and length range of approximately 560 nm and 2~11 μm, respectively, with a highest saturation magnetization of 7.5 emu/g, and a maximum coercivity of 120 Oe. These properties make the fabricated Mn5Si3 nanorods potentially useful for magnetic storage applications, and this study also provides a new perspective on the preparation of one-dimensional nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Golden Dragon Precise Copper Tube Group Inc., Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Dongtao Niu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Golden Dragon Precise Copper Tube Group Inc., Chongqing 404100, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Weili Cheng
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
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Nassar MY, El-Salhy HI, El-Shiwiny WH, Abdelaziz G, El-Shiekh R. Composite Nanoarchitectonics of Magnetic Silicon Dioxide-Modified Chitosan for Doxorubicin Delivery and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Assay. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02498-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDeveloping drug delivery carriers for highly selective, controlled, and sustained release of the anti-cancer drugs is one of the crucial issues in the cancer strive. We herein report the synthesis of Fe3O4 (M) and SiO2 (S) nanoparticles and their nanocomposites with chitosan (CS) for high loading efficiency and subsequent release potentiality of Doxorubicin (DOX) anticancer drug. The as-synthesized nanostructures were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and thermal analysis techniques. The average crystallite sizes of the as-prepared M, S, CS/M, CS/S, and CS/M/S nanostructures were found to be 5, 15, 70, 22, and 29 nm, respectively. The loading and cumulative release of Doxorubicin for the produced nanostructures were examined, and the results exhibited loading efficacy of 71%, 95%, 96%, 79%, 17%, and 42% for M, S, CS, CS/M, CS/S, and CS/M/S nanostructures, respectively. The Doxorubicin releasing results revealed a promising cumulative release percentages at pH 4.2 and pH 5 compared with those at pH 7.4. At pH 4.2, the cumulative release percentages for DOX-M, DOX-S, DOX-CS, DOX/M, and DOX/CS/M/S were 94%, 96%, 92%, 95%, and 98%, respectively. While the corresponding percentages at pH 5 were 97%, 90%, 46%, 43%, and 70%. The percentage for DOX-CS/S was 60% at pH 5, though. The in-vitro cytotoxicity of M-DOX, CS-DOX, and M/CS-DOX was explored against two human cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and Hep-G2) using SRB (Sulforhodamine B) assay. The DOX-loaded M/CS exhibited the highest cytotoxicity and its IC50 values were 2.65 and 2.25 μg/mL against Hep-G2 and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively, compared to the corresponding values of 5.1 and 4.5 μg/mL for free DOX. The results indicated that M/CS nanocomposite is a good candidate as drug delivery nano-carrier for the Doxorubicin anti-cancer drug.
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Tai J, Fan S, Ding S, Ren L. Gold Nanoparticles Based Optical Biosensors for Cancer Biomarker Proteins: A Review of the Current Practices. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:877193. [PMID: 35557858 PMCID: PMC9089302 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.877193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer prognosis depends on the early detection of the disease. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have attracted much importance in biomedical research due to their distinctive optical properties. The AuNPs are easy to fabricate, biocompatible, surface controlled, stable, and have surface plasmonic properties. The AuNPs based optical biosensors can intensely improve the sensitivity, specificity, resolution, penetration depth, contrast, and speed of these devices. The key optical features of the AuNPs based biosensors include localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), SERS, and luminescence. AuNPs based biomarkers have the potential to sense the protein biomarkers at a low detection level. In this review, the fabrication techniques of the AuNPs have been reviewed. The optical biosensors based on LSPR, SERS, and luminescence are also evaluated. The application of these biosensors for cancer protein detection is discussed. Distinct examples of cancer research that have a substantial impact on both scientific and clinical research are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Tai
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Siqi Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lishen Ren
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Lishen Ren,
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Liu X, Wu Y, Wang Y, Wei H, Guo J, Yang Y. Extraction of Au( iii) from hydrochloric acid media using a novel amide-based ionic liquid. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj04437d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A study on the performance of selective extraction of Au(iii) using a novel amide-based IL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Liu
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Aggregate Materials of Education Miniatry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Aggregate Materials of Education Miniatry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Aggregate Materials of Education Miniatry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Huiying Wei
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Aggregate Materials of Education Miniatry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jinxin Guo
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Aggregate Materials of Education Miniatry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yanzhao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Aggregate Materials of Education Miniatry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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