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Raducanu D, Cojocaru VD, Nocivin A, Drob SI, Hendea RE, Stanciu D, Ivanescu S, Raducanu VA, Serban N, Cojocaru EM, Campian RS. The Characterization of a Biodegradable Mg Alloy after Powder Bed Fusion with Laser Beam/Metal Processing for Custom Shaped Implants. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1682. [PMID: 38612195 PMCID: PMC11012606 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
A new Mg-Zn-Zr-Ca alloy in a powder state, intended to be used for custom shaped implants, was obtained via a mechanical alloying method from pure elemental powder. Further, the obtained powder alloy was processed by a PBF-LB/M (powder bed fusion with laser beam/of metal) procedure to obtain additive manufactured samples for small biodegradable implants. A series of microstructural, mechanical and corrosion analyses were performed. The SEM (scanning electron microscopy) analysis of the powder alloy revealed a good dimensional homogeneity, with a uniform colour, no agglutination and almost rounded particles, suitable for the powder bed fusion procedure. Further, the PBF-LB/M samples revealed a robust and unbreakable morphology, with a suitable porosity (that can reproduce that of cortical bone) and without an undesirable balling effect. The tested Young's modulus of the PBF-LB/M samples, which was 42 GPa, is close to that of cortical bone, 30 GPa. The corrosion tests that were performed in PBS (Phosphate-buffered saline) solution, with three different pH values, show that the corrosion parameters have a satisfactory evolution comparative to the commercial ZK 60 alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doina Raducanu
- Department of Metallic Materials Processing and Ecometallurgy, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.R.); (V.D.C.); (N.S.); (E.M.C.)
| | - Vasile Danut Cojocaru
- Department of Metallic Materials Processing and Ecometallurgy, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.R.); (V.D.C.); (N.S.); (E.M.C.)
| | - Anna Nocivin
- Faculty of Mechanical, Industrial and Maritime Engineering, OVIDIUS University of Constanta, 900527 Constanța, Romania
| | - Silviu Iulian Drob
- Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu”, Romanian Academy, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Radu Emil Hendea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.E.H.); (R.S.C.)
| | - Doina Stanciu
- ZIRCON DENT SRL, 400690 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.S.); (S.I.)
| | | | - Vlad Andrei Raducanu
- Faculty of Decorative Arts and Design, National University of Arts, 010702 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Nicolae Serban
- Department of Metallic Materials Processing and Ecometallurgy, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.R.); (V.D.C.); (N.S.); (E.M.C.)
| | - Elisabeta Mirela Cojocaru
- Department of Metallic Materials Processing and Ecometallurgy, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (D.R.); (V.D.C.); (N.S.); (E.M.C.)
| | - Radu Septimiu Campian
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.E.H.); (R.S.C.)
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Hendea RE, Raducanu D, Claver A, García JA, Cojocaru VD, Nocivin A, Stanciu D, Serban N, Ivanescu S, Trisca-Rusu C, Campian RS. Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys for Personalised Temporary Implants. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:400. [PMID: 37623645 PMCID: PMC10455490 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14080400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this experimental work was to examine and characterise the route for obtaining demonstrative temporary biodegradable personalised implants from the Mg alloy Mg-10Zn-0.5Zr-0.8Ca (wt.%). This studied Mg alloy was obtained in its powder state using the mechanical alloying method, with shape and size characteristics suitable for ensuing 3D additive manufacturing using the SLM (selective laser melting) procedure. The SLM procedure was applied to various processing parameters. All obtained samples were characterised microstructurally (using XRD-X-ray diffraction, and SEM-scanning electron microscopy); mechanically, by applying a compression test; and, finally, from a corrosion resistance viewpoint. Using the optimal test processing parameters, a few demonstrative temporary implants of small dimensions were made via the SLM method. Our conclusion is that mechanical alloying combined with SLM processing has good potential to manage 3D additive manufacturing for personalised temporary biodegradable implants of magnesium alloys. The compression tests show results closer to those of human bones compared to other potential metallic alloys. The applied corrosion test shows result comparable with that of the commercial magnesium alloy ZK60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Emil Hendea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.E.H.); (R.S.C.)
| | - Doina Raducanu
- Department of Metallic Materials Processing and Ecometallurgy, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (V.D.C.); (N.S.)
| | - Adrián Claver
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (INAMAT2), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31006 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (J.A.G.)
| | - José Antonio García
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (INAMAT2), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31006 Pamplona, Spain; (A.C.); (J.A.G.)
| | - Vasile Danut Cojocaru
- Department of Metallic Materials Processing and Ecometallurgy, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (V.D.C.); (N.S.)
| | - Anna Nocivin
- Faculty of Mechanical, Industrial and Maritime Engineering, OVIDIUS University of Constanta, 900527 Constanța, Romania;
| | - Doina Stanciu
- Zircon Dent SRL, 400690 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Nicolae Serban
- Department of Metallic Materials Processing and Ecometallurgy, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; (V.D.C.); (N.S.)
| | | | - Corneliu Trisca-Rusu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Micro-Technologies, 077190 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Radu Septimiu Campian
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.E.H.); (R.S.C.)
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Hendea RE, Raducanu D, Nocivin A, Ivanescu S, Stanciu D, Trisca-Rusu C, Campian RS, Drob SI, Cojocaru VD, Gălbinașu BM. Laser Powder Bed Fusion Applied to a New Biodegradable Mg-Zn-Zr-Ca Alloy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:2561. [PMID: 35407893 PMCID: PMC8999861 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present paper is to apply the laser powder bed fusion process to a new biodegradable Mg-Zn-Zr-Ca alloy powder prepared via a mechanical alloying method from powder pure components. This additive manufacturing method is expected to allow for the obtaining of high biomechanical and biochemical performance. Various processing parameters for laser powder bed fusion are tested, with a special focus on laser energy density-E [J/mm3]-which is calculated for all experiment variants, and which represents an important processing parameter, dependent upon all the rest. The goal of all the trials is to find the most efficient schema for the production of small biodegradable parts for the medical domain, meaning the selection of optimal processing parameters. An important observation is that the most robust and homogeneous samples without cracks are obtained for lower values of the E, around 100 J/mm3. Thus, the most performant samples are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and by compression mechanical test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Emil Hendea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.E.H.); (R.S.C.)
| | - Doina Raducanu
- Department of Metallic Materials Processing and Ecometallurgy, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Anna Nocivin
- Faculty of Mechanical, Industrial and Maritime Engineering, OVIDIUS University of Constanta, 900527 Constanța, Romania;
| | | | - Doina Stanciu
- ZIRCON DENT SRL, 400690 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.I.); (D.S.)
| | - Corneliu Trisca-Rusu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Micro-technologies, 077190 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Radu Septimiu Campian
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.E.H.); (R.S.C.)
| | - Silviu Iulian Drob
- Romanian Academy, Institute of Physical Chemistry “Ilie Murgulescu”, Spl. Independentei 202, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Vasile Danut Cojocaru
- Department of Metallic Materials Processing and Ecometallurgy, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Bogdan Mihai Gălbinașu
- Dental Medicine Faculty, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
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