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Hu X, Sansi Seukep AM, Senthooran V, Wu L, Wang L, Zhang C, Wang J. Progress of Polymer-Based Dielectric Composites Prepared Using Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2711. [PMID: 37836352 PMCID: PMC10574487 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-based dielectric composites are of great importance in advanced electronic industries and energy storage because of their high dielectric constant, good processability, low weight, and low dielectric loss. FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) is a greatly accessible additive manufacturing technology, which has a number of applications in the fabrication of RF components, but the unavoidable porosity in FDM 3D-printed materials, which affects the dielectric properties of the materials, and the difficulty of large-scale fabrication of composites by FDM limit its application scope. This study's main focus is on how the matrix, filler, interface, and FDM 3D printing parameters influence the electrical properties of FDM-printed polymer-based dielectric composites. This review article starts with the fundamental theory of dielectrics. It is followed by a summary of the factors influencing dielectric properties in recent research developments, as well as a projection for the future development of FDM-prepared polymer-based dielectric composites. Finally, improving the comprehensive performance of dielectric composites is an important direction for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Hu
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;
- CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; (A.M.S.S.); (V.S.); (L.W.)
| | - Alix Marcelle Sansi Seukep
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; (A.M.S.S.); (V.S.); (L.W.)
| | - Velmurugan Senthooran
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; (A.M.S.S.); (V.S.); (L.W.)
| | - Lixin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; (A.M.S.S.); (V.S.); (L.W.)
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China;
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemistry Engeering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jianlei Wang
- CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; (A.M.S.S.); (V.S.); (L.W.)
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McNiffe E, Ritter T, Higgins T, Sam-Daliri O, Flanagan T, Walls M, Ghabezi P, Finnegan W, Mitchell S, Harrison NM. Advancements in Functionally Graded Polyether Ether Ketone Components: Design, Manufacturing, and Characterisation Using a Modified 3D Printer. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2992. [PMID: 37514382 PMCID: PMC10383721 DOI: 10.3390/polym15142992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Functionally Graded Materials represent the next generation of engineering design for metal and plastic components. In this research, a specifically modified and optimised 3D printer was used to manufacture functionally graded polyether ether ketone components. This paper details the design and manufacturing methodologies used in the development of a polyether ether ketone printer capable of producing functionally graded materials through the manipulation of microstructure. The interaction of individually deposited beads of material during the printing process was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, to observe and quantify the porosity levels and interlayer bonding strength, which affects the quality of the final parts. Specimens were produced under varying process conditions and tested to characterise the influence of the process conditions on the resulting material properties. The specimens printed at high enclosure temperatures exhibited greater strength than parts printed without the active addition of heat, due to improved bond formation between individual layers of the print and a large degree of crystallinity through maintenance at these elevated temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric McNiffe
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Tobias Ritter
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Tom Higgins
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Omid Sam-Daliri
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Tomas Flanagan
- Éire Composites Teo, Údarás Industrial Estate, An Choill Rua, Inverin, Co., H91 Y923 Galway, Ireland
| | - Michael Walls
- CTL Tástáil Teo, Údarás Industrial Estate, An Choill Rua, Inverin, Co., H91 Y923 Galway, Ireland
| | - Pouyan Ghabezi
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- Construct Innovate & SFI MaREI Research Centre, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - William Finnegan
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- Construct Innovate & SFI MaREI Research Centre, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Sinéad Mitchell
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- I-Form, the SFI Research Centre for Advanced Manufacturing, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Noel M Harrison
- College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- Ryan Institute for Environmental, Marine and Energy Research, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- Construct Innovate & SFI MaREI Research Centre, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- I-Form, the SFI Research Centre for Advanced Manufacturing, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
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Ahn J, Doh J, Kim S, Park SI. Knowledge-Based Design Algorithm for Support Reduction in Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1672. [PMID: 36296025 PMCID: PMC9612078 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although additive manufacturing (AM) enables designers to develop products with a high degree of design freedom, the manufacturing constraints of AM restrict design freedom. One of the key manufacturing constraints is the use of support structures for overhang features, which are indispensable in AM processes, but increase material consumption, manufacturing costs, and build time. Therefore, controlling support structure generation is a significant issue in fabricating functional products directly using AM. The goal of this paper is to propose a knowledge-based design algorithm for reducing support structures whilst considering printability and as-printed quality. The proposed method consists of three steps: (1) AM ontology development, for characterizing a target AM process, (2) Surrogate model construction, for quantifying the impact of the AM parameters on as-printed quality, (3) Design and process modification, for reducing support structures and optimizing the AM parameters. The significance of the proposed method is to not only optimize process parameters, but to also control local geometric features for a better surface roughness and build time reduction. To validate the proposed algorithm, case studies with curve-based (1D), surface-based (2D), and volume (3D) models were carried out to prove the reduction of support generation and build time while maintaining surface quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeseung Ahn
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Jaehyeok Doh
- School of Mechanical and Material Convergence Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si 52725, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
| | - Samyeon Kim
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Jeonju University, Jeonju-si 55069, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Sang-in Park
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
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Fico D, Rizzo D, De Carolis V, Montagna F, Esposito Corcione C. Sustainable Polymer Composites Manufacturing through 3D Printing Technologies by Using Recycled Polymer and Filler. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183756. [PMID: 36145901 PMCID: PMC9504255 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last years, the excessive use of plastic and other synthetic materials, that are generally difficult to dispose of, has caused growing ecological worries. These are contributing to redirecting the world’s attention to sustainable materials and a circular economy (CE) approach using recycling routes. In this work, bio-filaments for the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technique were produced from recycled polylactic acid (PLA) and artisanal ceramic waste by an extrusion process and fully characterized from a physical, thermal, and mechanical point of view. The data showed different morphological, thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties of the two produced filaments. Furthermore, the 3D objects produced from the 100% recycled PLA filament showed lower mechanical performance. However, the results have demonstrated that all the produced filaments can be used in a low-cost FFF commercial printer that has been modified with simple hand-made operations in order to produce 3D-printed models. The main objective of this work is to propose an example of easy and low-cost application of 3D printing that involves operations such as the reprocessing and the recyclability of materials, that are also not perfectly mechanically performing but can still provide environmental and economic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fico
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Edificio P, Campus Ecotekne, s.p. 6 Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniela Rizzo
- Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Salento, Via D. Birago 64, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Valentina De Carolis
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Edificio P, Campus Ecotekne, s.p. 6 Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Montagna
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Edificio P, Campus Ecotekne, s.p. 6 Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Carola Esposito Corcione
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Edificio P, Campus Ecotekne, s.p. 6 Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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