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Zhang Z, He D, Wang X, Ma X, Zheng Y, Gu X, Li Y. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of osteogenesis and antibacterial activity of MgGa alloys. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00394-5. [PMID: 39025394 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
MgGa alloys are considered highly potential biodegradable materials, owing to its good mechanical properties and appropriate corrosion resistance. However, it is still far from application due to the lack of biological evaluation. In the present study, biocompatibility, osteogenesis and antibacterial activity of extruded Mg-xGa (x = 1 and 5 wt%) alloys were investigated by in vitro cell culture experiments and in vivo implantation. The cell adhesion and proliferation of osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1) showed the excellent cytocompatibility of Mg-1Ga and poor cytocompatibility of Mg-5Ga. The osteogenic activity was evaluated and revealed that Ga3+ in the Mg-1Ga extract had the ability to enhance osteogenic differentiation through the facilitation of its early stages. In vivo studies in a rat femoral condyle model revealed that both Mg-1Ga and Mg-5Ga significantly promoted new bone formation without causing any adverse effects. Mg-5Ga exhibited a much higher corrosion rate in vivo than Mg-1Ga. Its osteogenic activity was better due to the rapid release of Mg2+ and Ga3+, but this caused premature structural integrity loss. Mg-1Ga and Mg-5Ga released Ga3+ to inhibit E. coli and S. aureus, with antibacterial rate increasing with Ga content. Our studies demonstrate that Mg-Ga alloys have the potential to be used as osteogenic and antibacterial implant materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study evaluates the biocompatibility, osteogenesis, and antibacterial activity of Mg-Ga alloys, which are promising biodegradable materials for medical applications. The study finds that Mg-1Ga exhibits excellent cytocompatibility and promotes osteogenic differentiation, facilitating the early stages of osteoblast precursor cell development. In vivo studies in a rat femoral condyle model reveal that Mg-1Ga and Mg-5Ga significantly promote new bone formation without causing any adverse effects. The antibacterial activity of both alloys is evaluated against E. coli and S. aureus, with the inhibition rate increasing with Ga content. These findings suggest that Mg-Ga alloys have the potential to serve as osteogenic and antibacterial implant materials, providing significant insights into the development of novel biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 311115, China
| | - Donglei He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaolong Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Xuenan Gu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 311115, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Corrosion Behavior and Biocompatibility of Hot-Extruded Mg-Zn-Ga-(Y) Biodegradable Alloys. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040294. [PMID: 36547554 PMCID: PMC9784916 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fixation screws and other temporary magnesium alloy fixation devices are used in orthopedic practice because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility and acceptable biodegradation rates. The substitution of dissolving implant by tissues during the healing process is one of the main requirements for biodegradable implants. Previously, clinical tests showed the effectiveness of Ga ions on bone tissue regeneration. This work is the first systematic study on the corrosion rate and biocompatibility of Mg-Zn-Ga-(Y) alloys prepared by hot extrusion, where Ga is an additional major alloying element, efficient as a bone-resorption inhibitor. Most investigated alloys have a low corrosion rate in Hanks' solution close to ~0.2 mm/year. No cytotoxic effects of Mg-2Zn-2Ga (wt.%) alloy on MG63 cells were observed. Thus, considering the high corrosion resistance and good biocompatibility, the Mg-2Zn-2Ga alloy is possible for applications in osteosynthesis implants with improved bone tissue regeneration ability.
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