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Lupinska K, Kotowicz S, Grabarz A, Siwy M, Sulowska K, Mackowski S, Bu L, Bretonnière Y, Andraud C, Schab-Balcerzak E, Sznitko L. Emission in the Biological Window from AIE-Based Carbazole-Substituted Furan-Based Compounds for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes and Random Lasers. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:40769-40782. [PMID: 39371987 PMCID: PMC11447741 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c05484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
The emission quenching observed in devices utilizing luminescent materials such as solid thin films is a prevalent issue. Consequently, searching for new organic luminescent compounds exhibiting aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior and characterized by relatively simple and cost-effective synthesis is of crucial interest among applications from optoelectronics and organic lasing branches. Herein, we report the optical properties of three furan-based carbazole-substituted compounds, namely, tBuCBzSO2Ph, tBuCBzSPh, and tBuCbzTCF, exhibiting the aforementioned AIE phenomenon. The optical properties of dyes were determined in classical spectroscopic experiments supported by quantum-chemical calculations. The thermal investigations and electrochemical properties of dyes were performed to verify their usefulness in the construction of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In pursuit of this objective, OLEDs with a different design were fabricated, and their performance was subject to evaluation. In more detail, the different design strategies relying on the utilization of neat-dye films, as well as the preparation of dye-doped poly(9-vinylcarbazole):2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-5-(4-biphenylyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (PVK:PBD) matrices were examined. The analysis that was conducted indicated the superior potential of tBuCBzSPh for optoelectronic applications. Notably, the positive impact of the AIE effect on the emission of the OLEDs and the ability to establish the lasing phenomenon in asymmetric, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-doped polymeric slab waveguides were verified. The study showed that the combination of the strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) effect with dye aggregation enables the tuning of the emission of the OLED toward the first biological window, making examined dyes promising candidates for biomedical purposes. The same optical region can be attained for laser emission at relatively low pumping conditions, reaching as low as 7.3 kW of optical power for the tBuCBzSO2Ph compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Lupinska
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sonia Kotowicz
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Grabarz
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre
of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish
Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Karolina Sulowska
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Str., 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Sebastian Mackowski
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Str., 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Lulu Bu
- Univ
Lyon,
Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Yann Bretonnière
- Univ
Lyon,
Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Chantal Andraud
- Univ
Lyon,
Ens de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, F69342 Lyon, France
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
- Department
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lech Sznitko
- Institute
of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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Paul S, Chakraborty BB, Rao NVS, Choudhury S. New Calamitic Mesogens Exhibiting Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE). MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3587. [PMID: 39063879 PMCID: PMC11278991 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emitters or AIEgens are generally signified by their stronger photoluminescence in aggregation than in the solution state. Due to high emission efficiency in aggregate and solid states and good processability, organic AIEgens drew attention to the development of advanced luminescent materials. However, as mesogenic materials self-assemble to a different molecular arrangement in different phases, achieving liquid crystallinity and AIE properties in the same molecule would provide a valuable tool to develop solvent-independent AIEgenic materials. With this goal, the present work reports the synthesis of new organic thermotropic liquid crystalline compounds exhibiting aggregation-induced emission (AIE). The synthesized compounds exhibit strong green luminescence in a solid state which sharply quenches upon entering smectic mesophase by heating. This is in addition to the exhibition of dispersion medium (solvent)-dependent emission, thus providing a dual mode of AIE. The mesogenic property of the synthesized compounds was studied by XRD, POM, and DSC. The AIE was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and variable temperature fluorescence microscopy. A DFT study was carried out to gain an insight into the AIEgenic behavior of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India; (S.P.); (B.B.C.); (N.V.S.R.)
| | | | - Nandiraju V. S. Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India; (S.P.); (B.B.C.); (N.V.S.R.)
| | - Sudip Choudhury
- Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India; (S.P.); (B.B.C.); (N.V.S.R.)
- Centre for Soft Matter, Department of Chemistry, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India
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Filipek P, Hellwig H, Szlapa-Kula A, Filapek M. Simple Donor-π-Acceptor Compounds Exhibiting Aggregation-Induced Emission as Hidden Fingerprints Detecting Agents. Molecules 2023; 28:7597. [PMID: 38005318 PMCID: PMC10674358 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Latent fingerprints are a significant carrier of information for a court expert. To detect this type of forensic trace, what is necessary is a method that is easy to use, compact, and versatile. The research aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties of luminescent substances of donor-π-acceptor systems in terms of their potential use in detecting hidden fingerprints. During the research, a group of fluorene compounds consisting of the (-CH=C(CN)(COOR)) moiety was designed and successfully synthesized. The optical, electrochemical, and aggregation-induced emission properties were studied. The aggregation-induced emission of compounds has been studied in the mixture of THF (as a good solvent) and water (as a poor solvent) with different water fractions ranging from 0% to 99%. Due to the molecular structure, substances showed different affinities to organic traces. As a result, it was noticed that all compounds showed the AIE phenomenon, while during tests on latent fingerprints, it was observed that two substances had particularly forward-looking features in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Filipek
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (P.F.); (A.S.-K.)
| | - Hubert Hellwig
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis, Research Unit MolSys, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Sart Tilman, Belgium;
| | - Agata Szlapa-Kula
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (P.F.); (A.S.-K.)
| | - Michał Filapek
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland; (P.F.); (A.S.-K.)
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Wang H, Wu H, Bian G, Song L. An Anthracene-Based Bis-Stilbene Derivative as Luminescent Materials for Organic Light Emitting Diodes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103685. [PMID: 37241312 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a new luminescent material of a small-molecule stilbene derivative (BABCz) containing anthracene was designed and synthesized by three simple reactions. The material was characterized by 1H-NMR, FTMS, and X-ray and tested using TGA, DSC, UV/Vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The results demonstrate that BABCz has luminescence properties with good thermal stability and can be doped with 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP) to prepare highly uniform films, which allows the fabrication of OLED devices with ITO/Cs2CO3:BABCz/CBP:BABCz/MoO3/Al configuration. This simplest device in the sandwich structure emits green light at 6.6-12 V and has a brightness of 2300 cd/m2, indicating the potential of this material in OLED manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, China
- The Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Houlin Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Guangling Bian
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, China
- The Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ling Song
- The Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
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