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Ozoemena OC, Boateng E, Chen A. Ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of C-reactive protein antigen. Analyst 2024; 149:3773-3782. [PMID: 38845549 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00432a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of premature death worldwide, and the determination of C-reactive protein (CRP) from human serum is of vital importance for the diagnosis of the disease. For this study, we have developed an electrochemical immunosensor based on onion-like carbon@polyacrylonitrile (OLC-PAN) for the detection of CRP antigens. This was accomplished by immobilizing CRP antibodies on a modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Several electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were employed to evaluate the electrochemical detection of the CRP antigen. This ultrasensitive method for CRP antigen detection exhibited a very good logarithmic plot from -4.52 to -12.05 g mL-1 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.9 fg mL-1. The high selectivity, sensitivity, and stability of the developed electrochemical immunosensor would facilitate miniaturization for point-of-care applications and the efficient diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okoroike C Ozoemena
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2 W1, Canada.
| | - Emmanuel Boateng
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2 W1, Canada.
| | - Aicheng Chen
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2 W1, Canada.
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Jones MP, Jiang Q, Mautner A, Naghilou A, Prado‐Roller A, Wolff M, Koch T, Archodoulaki V, Bismarck A. Fungal Carbon: A Cost-Effective Tunable Network Template for Creating Supercapacitors. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2024; 8:2300315. [PMID: 38617029 PMCID: PMC11009424 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202300315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Carbons form critical components in biogas purification and energy storage systems and are used to modify polymer matrices. The environmental impact of producing carbons has driven research interest in biomass-derived carbons, although these have yield, processing, and resource competition limitations. Naturally formed fungal filaments are investigated, which are abundantly available as food- and biotechnology-industry by-products and wastes as cost-effective and sustainable templates for carbon networks. Pyrolyzed Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus eryngii filament networks are mesoporous and microscale with a size regime close to carbon fibers. Their BET surface areas of ≈282 m2 g-1 and ≈60 m2 g-1, respectively, greatly exceed values associated with carbon fibers and non-activated pyrolyzed bacterial cellulose and approximately on par with values for carbon black and CNTs in addition to pyrolyzed pinewood, rice husk, corn stover or olive mill waste. They also exhibit greater specific capacitance than both non-activated and activated pyrolyzed bacterial cellulose in addition to YP-50F (coconut shell based) commercial carbons. The high surface area and specific capacitance of fungal carbon coupled with the potential to tune these properties through species- and growth-environment-associated differences in network and filament morphology and inclusion of inorganic material through biomineralization makes them potentially useful in creating supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell P. Jones
- Institute of Materials Science and TechnologyFaculty of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringTU WienGumpendorferstrasse 7, Objekt 8Vienna1060Austria
| | - Qixiang Jiang
- Polymer & Composite Engineering (PaCE) GroupInstitute of Materials Chemistry and ResearchFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 42Vienna1090Austria
| | - Andreas Mautner
- Polymer & Composite Engineering (PaCE) GroupInstitute of Materials Chemistry and ResearchFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 42Vienna1090Austria
- Institute for Environmental BiotechnologyDepartment IFAUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaKonrad‐Lorenz‐Straße 20Tulln an der Donau3430Austria
| | - Aida Naghilou
- Department of PlasticReconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryMedical University of ViennaSpitalgasse 23Vienna1090Austria
- Medical Systems Biophysics and BioengineeringLeiden Academic Centre for Drug ResearchLeiden UniversityLeiden2333The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Prado‐Roller
- Department of Functional Materials and CatalysisFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 42Vienna1090Austria
| | - Marion Wolff
- Institute of Materials Science and TechnologyFaculty of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringTU WienGumpendorferstrasse 7, Objekt 8Vienna1060Austria
| | - Thomas Koch
- Institute of Materials Science and TechnologyFaculty of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringTU WienGumpendorferstrasse 7, Objekt 8Vienna1060Austria
| | - Vasiliki‐Maria Archodoulaki
- Institute of Materials Science and TechnologyFaculty of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringTU WienGumpendorferstrasse 7, Objekt 8Vienna1060Austria
| | - Alexander Bismarck
- Polymer & Composite Engineering (PaCE) GroupInstitute of Materials Chemistry and ResearchFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 42Vienna1090Austria
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Mao R, Cui X, Hao J, Zhao S, Hou S, Lan F, Li Y, Deng L, Li H. Densification and Surface Carbon Transformation of Diamond Powders under High Pressure and High Temperature. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:603. [PMID: 38591471 PMCID: PMC10856571 DOI: 10.3390/ma17030603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
A new type of poly-diamond plate without a catalyst was produced via the high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) compression of diamond powders. The densification of diamond powders and sp3 to sp2 carbon on the surface under HPHT compression was investigated through the characterization of the microstructure, Raman spectroscopy analysis and electrical resistance measurement. The densification and sp3-sp2 transformation on the surface are mainly affected by the pressure, temperature and particle size. The quantitative analysis of the diamond sp3 and sp2 carbon amount was performed through the peak fitting of Raman spectra. It was found that finer diamond particles under a higher temperature and a lower pressure tend to produce more sp2 carbon; otherwise, they produce less. In addition, it is interesting to note that the local residual stresses measured using Raman spectra increase with the diamond particle size. The suspected reason is that the increased particle size reduces the number of contact points, resulting in a higher localized pressure at each contact point. The hypothesis was supported by finite element calculation. This study provides detailed and quantitative data about the densification of diamond powders and sp3 to sp2 transformation on the surface under HPHT treatment, which is valuable for the sintering of polycrystalline diamonds (PCDs) and the HPHT treatment of diamonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongqi Mao
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (R.M.); (Y.L.)
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (X.C.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (S.H.); (F.L.)
- Qianwan Institute of CNITECH, Zhongchuang 1st Road, Zhongchuang Park, Qianwan New Area, Ningbo 315336, China
| | - Xiwei Cui
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (X.C.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (S.H.); (F.L.)
- Qianwan Institute of CNITECH, Zhongchuang 1st Road, Zhongchuang Park, Qianwan New Area, Ningbo 315336, China
| | - Jinglin Hao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (X.C.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (S.H.); (F.L.)
- Qianwan Institute of CNITECH, Zhongchuang 1st Road, Zhongchuang Park, Qianwan New Area, Ningbo 315336, China
| | - Sizhuang Zhao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (X.C.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (S.H.); (F.L.)
- Qianwan Institute of CNITECH, Zhongchuang 1st Road, Zhongchuang Park, Qianwan New Area, Ningbo 315336, China
| | - Shuai Hou
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (X.C.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (S.H.); (F.L.)
- Qianwan Institute of CNITECH, Zhongchuang 1st Road, Zhongchuang Park, Qianwan New Area, Ningbo 315336, China
| | - Fuli Lan
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (X.C.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (S.H.); (F.L.)
- Qianwan Institute of CNITECH, Zhongchuang 1st Road, Zhongchuang Park, Qianwan New Area, Ningbo 315336, China
| | - Yanbiao Li
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (R.M.); (Y.L.)
| | - Lifen Deng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (X.C.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (S.H.); (F.L.)
- Qianwan Institute of CNITECH, Zhongchuang 1st Road, Zhongchuang Park, Qianwan New Area, Ningbo 315336, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - He Li
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; (X.C.); (J.H.); (S.Z.); (S.H.); (F.L.)
- Qianwan Institute of CNITECH, Zhongchuang 1st Road, Zhongchuang Park, Qianwan New Area, Ningbo 315336, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Alhato AY, Kumar R, Barakat MA. Integrated Ozonation Ni-NiO/Carbon/g-C 3N 4 Nanocomposite-Mediated Catalytic Decomposition of Organic Contaminants in Wastewater under Visible Light. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:190. [PMID: 38251154 PMCID: PMC10818826 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Developing a hybrid process for wastewater purification is of utmost importance to make conventional methods more efficient and faster. Herein, an effective visible light-active nickel-nickel oxide/carbon/graphitic carbon nitride (Ni-NiO/C/g-C3N4)-based nanocatalyst was developed. A hybrid process based on ozonation and Ni-NiO/C/g-C3N4 visible light photocatalysis was applied to decolourize the Congo red (CR), Alizarin Red S (ARS), and real dairy industry wastewater. The synthesized catalyst was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Χ-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry (UV-Vis DRS). The factors affecting the catalytic process were evaluated, including contact time, solution pH, initial dye concentration, etc. The degradation rate of CR and ARS was compared between the photocatalysis, ozonation, and integrated photocatalytic ozonation (PC/O3) methods. The results showed 100% degradation of CR and ARS within 5 min and 40 min, respectively, by integrated PC/O3. The reusability of the modified catalyst was evaluated, and four successive regenerations were achieved. The modified Ni-NiO/C/g-C3N4 composite could be considered an effective, fast, and reusable catalyst in an integrated PC/O3 process for the complete decolourization of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (A.Y.A.); (M.A.B.)
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Effect of Pyrolysis Conditions on the MOFs-Derived Zinc-Based Catalysts in Acetylene Acetoxylation. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The preparation method and calcination temperature of metal-organic framework (MOFs)-derived materials are critical factors affecting catalytic performance. In this work, the preparation conditions of MOFS precursors were optimized, and zinc-based catalysts with different activities (MOF5-700, MOF5-750, and MOF5-800) were obtained by pyrolysis of MOFS precursors under nitrogen, which were then applied to an acetylene acetoxylation reaction system. According to the results, the conversion rate of acetic acid under catalysis was significantly different. (MOF5-700 (48%), MOF5-750 (62%), and MOF5-800 (22%)). Comparing the activity of the catalyst with the industrial catalyst Zn(OAc)2/AC (20%), MOF5-750 showed higher activity, and the acetic acid conversion rate remained around 60% after 50 h of stability testing. By characterization analysis, MOFs-derived materials were obtained after proper temperature pyrolysis. They have high mesoporous content, defects, and oxygen-containing functional groups and can maintain a good crystal structure, greatly reducing the loss of active components. This is the main reason for the good performance of the MOF5-750 catalyst in acetylene acetoxylation. Thus, the preparation conditions and favorable pyrolysis temperature of MOF derivative catalysts play a key role in the catalytic performance of acetylene acetoxylation.
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