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Gornakova AS, Kabirova DB, Korneva A, Straumal B, Imayev MF, Kuzmin A, Czaja P, Afonikova NS, Orlov VI, Nekrasov AN, Khayretdinov NF, Davdian G. Effect of High-Pressure Torsion on Phase Formation and Mechanical Properties of a High-Entropy TiZrHfMoCrCo Alloy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7558. [PMID: 38138700 PMCID: PMC10744940 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
This investigation delved into the alterations in the mechanical properties of a TiZrHfMoCrCo high-entropy alloy due to phase transformations induced by high-pressure torsion (HPT). The alloy's genesis involved levitation melting within an argon atmosphere, presenting two distinct states for analysis: the initial, post-manufacturing state and the state subsequent to HPT treatment. The original alloy featured a composition comprising a singular A2 phase with a bcc lattice and two Laves phases, C15 and C14. The HPT process triggered significant phase modifications: a retention of one C15 Laves phase and decomposition of the bcc phase into two distinct phases exhibiting different bcc lattice parameters. The HPT-induced effect prominently manifests as strong grain refinement. However, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations unveiled persistent inhomogeneities at a micron scale both before and after HPT treatment. Thus, grain refinement occurs separately within each of the bcc and Laves phases, visible in the light, dark, and gray areas in SEM images, while mixing does not occur on the scale of several microns. The examination of Ti, Cr, Co, Zr, Mo, and Hf via X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS) at specific K-edges and L3-edge revealed that the HPT treatment conserves the local atomic environment of metal atoms, albeit with a slight elevation in static disorder. Assessments through microhardness and three-point bending tests demonstrated the material's inherent hardness and brittleness. The microhardness, standing at a substantial value of 600 HV, displayed negligible augmentation post-HPT. However, the microhardness of individual phases exhibited a notable alteration, nearly doubling in magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena S. Gornakova
- Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ac. Osipyan Str. 2, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.S.G.); (N.S.A.); (V.I.O.); (G.D.)
| | - Dilara B. Kabirova
- Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Stepan Khalturin Str. 39, 450001 Ufa, Russia; (D.B.K.); (M.F.I.); (N.F.K.)
| | - Anna Korneva
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science Polish Academy of Sciences, Reymonta Str. 25, 30-059 Cracow, Poland; (A.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Boris Straumal
- Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ac. Osipyan Str. 2, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.S.G.); (N.S.A.); (V.I.O.); (G.D.)
- Department of Physical Chemistry, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Leninsky Avenue 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marcel F. Imayev
- Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Stepan Khalturin Str. 39, 450001 Ufa, Russia; (D.B.K.); (M.F.I.); (N.F.K.)
| | - Alexei Kuzmin
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga Str. 8, LV-1063 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Paweł Czaja
- Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science Polish Academy of Sciences, Reymonta Str. 25, 30-059 Cracow, Poland; (A.K.); (P.C.)
| | - Natalia S. Afonikova
- Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ac. Osipyan Str. 2, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.S.G.); (N.S.A.); (V.I.O.); (G.D.)
| | - Valeriy I. Orlov
- Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ac. Osipyan Str. 2, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.S.G.); (N.S.A.); (V.I.O.); (G.D.)
| | - Alexei N. Nekrasov
- Korzhinskii Institute of Experimental Mineralogy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ac. Osipyan Str. 4, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia;
| | - Nafis F. Khayretdinov
- Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Stepan Khalturin Str. 39, 450001 Ufa, Russia; (D.B.K.); (M.F.I.); (N.F.K.)
| | - Gregory Davdian
- Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ac. Osipyan Str. 2, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.S.G.); (N.S.A.); (V.I.O.); (G.D.)
- Department of Physical Chemistry, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Leninsky Avenue 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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