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Rheological and morphological evidence of binary liquid crystalline phases in solutions of an organo-soluble cyano-substituted p-aramid. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Gleuwitz FR, Sivasankarapillai G, Siqueira G, Friedrich C, Laborie MPG. Lignin in Bio-Based Liquid Crystalline Network Material with Potential for Direct Ink Writing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6049-6058. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Robert Gleuwitz
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Chair of Forest Biomaterials, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79085, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Centre (FMF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Gopakumar Sivasankarapillai
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Chair of Forest Biomaterials, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79085, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Centre (FMF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Gilberto Siqueira
- Cellulose and Wood Materials, Empa Material Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Christian Friedrich
- Freiburg Materials Research Centre (FMF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Marie-Pierre G. Laborie
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Chair of Forest Biomaterials, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79085, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Centre (FMF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
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Gleuwitz FR, Sivasankarapillai G, Chen Y, Friedrich C, Laborie MPG. Lignin-Assisted Stabilization of an Oriented Liquid Crystalline Cellulosic Mesophase, Part B: Toward the Molecular Origin and Mechanism. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2276-2284. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Robert Gleuwitz
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Chair of Forest Biomaterials, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Centre (FMF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gopakumar Sivasankarapillai
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Chair of Forest Biomaterials, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Centre (FMF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yian Chen
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Chair of Forest Biomaterials, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Friedrich
- Freiburg Materials Research Centre (FMF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marie-Pierre G. Laborie
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Chair of Forest Biomaterials, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Centre (FMF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Stewart SA, Domínguez-Robles J, Donnelly RF, Larrañeta E. Implantable Polymeric Drug Delivery Devices: Classification, Manufacture, Materials, and Clinical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E1379. [PMID: 30961303 PMCID: PMC6401754 DOI: 10.3390/polym10121379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral route is a popular and convenient means of drug delivery. However, despite its advantages, it also has challenges. Many drugs are not suitable for oral delivery due to: first pass metabolism; less than ideal properties; and side-effects of treatment. Additionally, oral delivery relies heavily on patient compliance. Implantable drug delivery devices are an alternative system that can achieve effective delivery with lower drug concentrations, and as a result, minimise side-effects whilst increasing patient compliance. This article gives an overview of classification of these drug delivery devices; the mechanism of drug release; the materials used for manufacture; the various methods of manufacture; and examples of clinical applications of implantable drug delivery devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Stewart
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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Schwartz M, Lenzini G, Geng Y, Rønne PB, Ryan PYA, Lagerwall JPF. Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Shells as Enabling Material for Information-Rich Design and Architecture. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707382. [PMID: 29756303 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The responsive and dynamic character of liquid crystals (LCs), arising from their ability to self-organize into long-range ordered structures while maintaining fluidity, has given them a role as key enabling materials in the information technology that surrounds us today. Ongoing research hints at future LC-based technologies of entirely different types, for instance by taking advantage of the peculiar behavior of cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) subject to curvature. Spherical shells of CLC reflect light omnidirectionally with specific polarization and wavelength, tunable from the UV to the infrared (IR) range, with complex patterns arising when many of them are brought together. Here, these properties are analyzed and explained, and future application opportunities from an interdisciplinary standpoint are discussed. By incorporating arrangements of CLC shells in smart facades or vehicle coatings, or in objects of high value subject to counterfeiting, game-changing future uses might arise in fields spanning information security, design, and architecture. The focus here is on the challenges of a digitized and information-rich future society where humans increasingly rely on technology and share their space with autonomous vehicles, drones, and robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Schwartz
- College of Architecture and Design, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 154 Summit Street, University Heights, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Gabriele Lenzini
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, 29 Avenue J. F. Kennedy, L-1855, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Yong Geng
- Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 162 A Avenue de la Faïencerie, 1511, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Peter B Rønne
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, 29 Avenue J. F. Kennedy, L-1855, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Peter Y A Ryan
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, 29 Avenue J. F. Kennedy, L-1855, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Jan P F Lagerwall
- Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, 162 A Avenue de la Faïencerie, 1511, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Maximean DM, Danila O, Almeida PL, Ganea CP. Electrical properties of a liquid crystal dispersed in an electrospun cellulose acetate network. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 9:155-163. [PMID: 29441261 PMCID: PMC5789439 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.9.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Electro-optical devices that work in a similar fashion as PDLCs (polymer-dispersed liquid crystals), produced from cellulose acetate (CA) electrospun fibers deposited onto indium tin oxide coated glass and a nematic liquid crystal (E7), were studied. CA and the CA/liquid crystal composite were characterized by multiple investigation techniques, such as polarized optical microscopy, dielectric spectroscopy and impedance measurements. Dielectric constant and electric energy loss were studied as a function of frequency and temperature. The activation energy was evaluated and the relaxation time was obtained by fitting the spectra of the dielectric loss with the Havriliak-Negami functions. To determine the electrical characteristics of the studied samples, impedance measurements results were treated using the Cole-Cole diagram and the three-element equivalent model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doina Manaila Maximean
- University Politehnica of Bucharest, Department of Physics, 313 Spl. Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Octavian Danila
- University Politehnica of Bucharest, Department of Physics, 313 Spl. Independentei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Pedro L Almeida
- I3N - CENIMAT, Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, FCT/UNL, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Área Departamental de Física, ISEL, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, I.P.L., R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal
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Multimode quantum states with single photons carrying orbital angular momentum. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3601. [PMID: 28620211 PMCID: PMC5472612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03239-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a scheme for generating multimode quantum states with single photons carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM). Various quantum states have been realized by superposing multiple OAM modes of single photons in two possible paths. These quantum states exhibit NOON-like “super-resolving” interference behavior for the multiple OAM modes of single photons. Compared with the NOON states using many photons, these states are not only easily prepared, but also robust to photon losses. They may find potential applications in quantum optical communication and recognizing defects or objects. The method to identify a particular kind of defect has been demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally.
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