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Shalimov A, Tashkinov M. Numerical Analysis of the Mechanical Response of Two-Phase Nanocomposites Consisting of Nanoporous Gold and Polymer. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041574. [PMID: 35208114 PMCID: PMC8878930 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, representative volume elements (RVEs) of composites, consisting of nanoporous gold and polymer, were investigated. Gold is of great interest as a special case of nanoporous metals as it deforms to large plastic strains when compressed, whereas normally nanomaterials allow only small deformations. The nanocomposite is modeled as a nanoporous monocrystal filled with a polymer. Different models of the phase behavior of nanoporous metal composites with the addition of a polymer component were studied. Three models of the mechanical behavior of gold were implemented: elasticity, elastic-plasticity, and the model of fracture with the degradation of properties. Three types of polymers were considered: polypyrrole (PPy), epoxy resin, and polyaniline (PANI), for which elasticity and elastic-plasticity models were implemented. The effect of the morphology of the nanocomposite on their mechanical response was numerically investigated using finite element analysis.
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Koya A, Zhu X, Ohannesian N, Yanik AA, Alabastri A, Proietti Zaccaria R, Krahne R, Shih WC, Garoli D. Nanoporous Metals: From Plasmonic Properties to Applications in Enhanced Spectroscopy and Photocatalysis. ACS NANO 2021; 15:6038-6060. [PMID: 33797880 PMCID: PMC8155319 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The field of plasmonics is capable of enabling interesting applications in different wavelength ranges, spanning from the ultraviolet up to the infrared. The choice of plasmonic material and how the material is nanostructured has significant implications for ultimate performance of any plasmonic device. Artificially designed nanoporous metals (NPMs) have interesting material properties including large specific surface area, distinctive optical properties, high electrical conductivity, and reduced stiffness, implying their potentials for many applications. This paper reviews the wide range of available nanoporous metals (such as Au, Ag, Cu, Al, Mg, and Pt), mainly focusing on their properties as plasmonic materials. While extensive reports on the use and characterization of NPMs exist, a detailed discussion on their connection with surface plasmons and enhanced spectroscopies as well as photocatalysis is missing. Here, we report on different metals investigated, from the most used nanoporous gold to mixed metal compounds, and discuss each of these plasmonic materials' suitability for a range of structural design and applications. Finally, we discuss the potentials and limitations of the traditional and alternative plasmonic materials for applications in enhanced spectroscopy and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiangchao Zhu
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa
Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Nareg Ohannesian
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston Texas 77204, United States
| | - A. Ali Yanik
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa
Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Alessandro Alabastri
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Remo Proietti Zaccaria
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
- Cixi
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials
Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Zhejiang 315201, China
| | - Roman Krahne
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Wei-Chuan Shih
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa
Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Denis Garoli
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
- Faculty of
Science and Technology, Free University
of Bozen, Piazza Università
5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
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Richert C, Huber N. A Review of Experimentally Informed Micromechanical Modeling of Nanoporous Metals: From Structural Descriptors to Predictive Structure-Property Relationships. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3307. [PMID: 32722289 PMCID: PMC7435653 DOI: 10.3390/ma13153307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanoporous metals made by dealloying take the form of macroscopic (mm- or cm-sized) porous bodies with a solid fraction of around 30%. The material exhibits a network structure of "ligaments" with an average ligament diameter that can be adjusted between 5 and 500 nm. Current research explores the use of nanoporous metals as functional materials with respect to electrochemical conversion and storage, bioanalytical and biomedical applications, and actuation and sensing. The mechanical behavior of the network structure provides the scope for fundamental research, particularly because of the high complexity originating from the randomness of the structure and the challenges arising from the nanosized ligaments, which can be accessed through an experiment only indirectly via the testing of the macroscopic properties. The strength of nanoscale ligaments increases systematically with decreasing size, and owing to the high surface-to-volume ratio their elastic and plastic properties can be additionally tuned by applying an electric potential. Therefore, nanoporous metals offer themselves as suitable model systems for exploring the structure-property relationships of complex interconnected microstructures as well as the basic mechanisms of the chemo-electro-mechanical coupling at interfaces. The micromechanical modeling of nanoporous metals is a rapidly growing field that strongly benefits from developments in computational methods, high-performance computing, and visualization techniques; it also benefits at the same time through advances in characterization techniques, including nanotomography, 3D image processing, and algorithms for geometrical and topological analysis. The review article collects articles on the structural characterization and micromechanical modeling of nanoporous metals and discusses the acquired understanding in the context of advancements in the experimental discipline. The concluding remarks are given in the form of a summary and an outline of future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Richert
- Institute of Materials Research, Materials Mechanics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany;
| | - Norbert Huber
- Institute of Materials Research, Materials Mechanics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany;
- Institute of Materials Physics and Technology, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
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Tang JF, Xiao JC, Deng L, Li W, Zhang XM, Wang L, Xiao SF, Deng HQ, Hu WY. Shock wave propagation, plasticity, and void collapse in open-cell nanoporous Ta. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:28039-28048. [PMID: 30383055 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05126g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We systematically investigate the wave propagation, plasticity and void collapse, as well as the effects of porosity, specific surface area and impact velocity, in a set of open-cell nanoporous Ta, during shock compression, via performing large-scale non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The shock wave propagation presents an impedance, sensitive to porosity, but not to specific surface area. Such surprising phenomena are due to the similar sensitivities in density and stress variations to porosity or specific surface area. Upon impact, shock front shapes change from ramped to steep ones, with increasing porosity, specific surface area or impact velocity, owing to the transition from the heterogeneous to homogeneous plasticity along transverse directions. This transition of plasticity arises by (i) the strong impedance on large deformation bands as porosity increases; and (ii) the transition from deformation twinning to dislocation slips, and to amorphization, as the specific surface area or impact velocity increases. Shock-induced plasticity, including their nucleation, growth and interactions, also facilitates the collapse of voids.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Tang
- College of Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, People's Republic of China.
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Skeletonization, Geometrical Analysis, and Finite Element Modeling of Nanoporous Gold Based on 3D Tomography Data. METALS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/met8040282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Vordos N, Drosos G, Kazanidis I, Ververidis A, Ypsilantis P, Kazakos K, Simopoulos C, Mitropoulos AC, Touloupidis S. Hydroxyapatite Crystal Thickness and Buckling Phenomenon in Bone Nanostructure During Mechanical Tests. Ann Biomed Eng 2018; 46:627-639. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-018-1983-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Depczynski W, Kazala R, Ludwinek K, Jedynak K. Modelling and Microstructural Characterization of Sintered Metallic Porous Materials. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9070567. [PMID: 28773690 PMCID: PMC5456932 DOI: 10.3390/ma9070567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents selected characteristics of the metallic porous materials produced by the sintering of metal powders. The authors focus on materials produced from the iron powder (Fe) of ASC 100.29 and Distaloy SE. ASC 100.29 is formed by atomization and has a characteristic morphology. It consists of spherical particles of different sizes forming agglomerates. Distaloy SE is also based on the sponge-iron. The porous material is prepared using the patented method of sintering the mixture of iron powder ASC 100.29, Fe(III) oxide, Distaloy SE and Fe(III) oxide in the reducing atmosphere of dissociated ammonia. As a result, the materials with open pores of micrometer sizes are obtained. The pores are formed between iron particles bonded by diffusion bridges. The modelling of porous materials containing diffusion bridges that allows for three-dimensional (3D) imaging is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Depczynski
- Faculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Kielce University of Technology, Al. Tysiaclecia P.P. 7, Kielce 25-314, Poland.
| | - Robert Kazala
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatic Control and Computer Science, Kielce University of Technology, Al. Tysiaclecia P.P. 7, Kielce 25-314, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Ludwinek
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatic Control and Computer Science, Kielce University of Technology, Al. Tysiaclecia P.P. 7, Kielce 25-314, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Jedynak
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Swietokrzyska 15G, Kielce 25-406, Poland.
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