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Liu C, Liu H, Ma P, Liu Y, Cai R, Yin R, Zhang B, Wei S, Miao H, Cao L. The Optimization of the Transition Zone of the Planar Heterogeneous Interface for High-Performance Seawater Desalination. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:3561. [PMID: 35629589 PMCID: PMC9143191 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Reverse osmosis has become the most prevalent approach to seawater desalination. It is still limited by the permeability-selectivity trade-off of the membranes and the energy consumption in the operation process. Recently, an efficient ionic sieving with high performance was realized by utilizing the bi-unipolar transport behaviour and strong ion depletion of heterogeneous structures in 2D materials. A perfect salt rejection rate of 97.0% and a near-maximum water flux of 1529 L m-2 h-1 bar-1 were obtained. However, the energy consumption of the heterogeneous desalination setup is a very important factor, and it remains largely unexplored. Here, the geometric-dimension-dependent ion transport in planar heterogeneous structures is reported. The two competitive ion migration behaviours during the desalination process, ion-depletion-dominated and electric-field-dominated ion transport, are identified for the first time. More importantly, these two ion-transport behaviours can be regulated. The excellent performance of combined high rejection rate, high water flux and low energy consumption can be obtained under the synergy of voltage, pressure and geometric dimension. With the appropriate optimization, the energy consumption can be reduced by 2 orders of magnitude, which is 50% of the industrial energy consumption. These findings provide beneficial insight for the application and optimized design of low-energy-consumption and portable water desalination devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Pengfei Ma
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Ruochong Cai
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Ran Yin
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Biao Zhang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Shiqi Wei
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Huifang Miao
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Nuclear Energy Engineering Technology Research Center, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Liuxuan Cao
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Nuclear Energy Engineering Technology Research Center, Xiamen 361005, China
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Ma P, Zheng J, Zhao D, Zhang W, Lu G, Lin L, Zhao Z, Huang Z, Cao L. The Selective Transport of Ions in Charged Nanopore with Combined Multi-Physics Fields. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14227012. [PMID: 34832413 PMCID: PMC8622219 DOI: 10.3390/ma14227012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The selective transport of ions in nanopores attracts broad interest due to their potential applications in chemical separation, ion filtration, seawater desalination, and energy conversion. The ion selectivity based on the ion dehydration and steric hindrance is still limited by the very similar diameter between different hydrated ions. The selectivity can only separate specific ion species, lacking a general separation effect. Herein, we report the highly ionic selective transport in charged nanopore through the combination of hydraulic pressure and electric field. Based on the coupled Poisson–Nernst–Planck (PNP) and Navier–Stokes (NS) equations, the calculation results suggest that the coupling of hydraulic pressure and electric field can significantly enhance the ion selectivity compared to the results under the single driven force of hydraulic pressure or electric field. Different from the material-property-based ion selective transport, this method endows the general separation effect between different kinds of ions. Through the appropriate combination of hydraulic pressure and electric field, an extremely high selectivity ratio can be achieved. Further in-depth analysis reveals the influence of nanopore diameter, surface charge density and ionic strength on the selectivity ratio. These findings provide a potential route for high-performance ionic selective transport and separation in nanofluidic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Ma
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (P.M.); (J.Z.); (D.Z.); (W.Z.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Jianxiang Zheng
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (P.M.); (J.Z.); (D.Z.); (W.Z.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
- Fujian Research Center for Nuclear Engineering, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Danting Zhao
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (P.M.); (J.Z.); (D.Z.); (W.Z.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (P.M.); (J.Z.); (D.Z.); (W.Z.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Gonghao Lu
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (P.M.); (J.Z.); (D.Z.); (W.Z.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Lingxin Lin
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (P.M.); (J.Z.); (D.Z.); (W.Z.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
| | - Zeyuan Zhao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China;
| | - Zijing Huang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (P.M.); (J.Z.); (D.Z.); (W.Z.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
- Fujian Research Center for Nuclear Engineering, Xiamen 361005, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (L.C.)
| | - Liuxuan Cao
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (P.M.); (J.Z.); (D.Z.); (W.Z.); (G.L.); (L.L.)
- Fujian Research Center for Nuclear Engineering, Xiamen 361005, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (L.C.)
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Fazio E, Spadaro S, Corsaro C, Neri G, Leonardi SG, Neri F, Lavanya N, Sekar C, Donato N, Neri G. Metal-Oxide Based Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Characterization and Their Applications in Electrical and Electrochemical Sensors. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21072494. [PMID: 33916680 PMCID: PMC8038368 DOI: 10.3390/s21072494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pure, mixed and doped metal oxides (MOX) have attracted great interest for the development of electrical and electrochemical sensors since they are cheaper, faster, easier to operate and capable of online analysis and real-time identification. This review focuses on highly sensitive chemoresistive type sensors based on doped-SnO2, RhO, ZnO-Ca, Smx-CoFe2−xO4 semiconductors used to detect toxic gases (H2, CO, NO2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (e.g., acetone, ethanol) in monitoring of gaseous markers in the breath of patients with specific pathologies and for environmental pollution control. Interesting results about the monitoring of biochemical substances as dopamine, epinephrine, serotonin and glucose have been also reported using electrochemical sensors based on hybrid MOX nanocomposite modified glassy carbon and screen-printed carbon electrodes. The fundamental sensing mechanisms and commercial limitations of the MOX-based electrical and electrochemical sensors are discussed providing research directions to bridge the existing gap between new sensing concepts and real-world analytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Fazio
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physics Science and Earth Science, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (F.N.)
- Correspondence: (E.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Salvatore Spadaro
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physics Science and Earth Science, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (F.N.)
| | - Carmelo Corsaro
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physics Science and Earth Science, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (F.N.)
- Correspondence: (E.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Giulia Neri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Gianluca Leonardi
- Institute of Advanced Technologies for Energy (ITAE)—CNR, Salita Santa Lucia Sopra Contesse 5, I-98126 Messina, Italy;
| | - Fortunato Neri
- Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physics Science and Earth Science, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (F.N.)
| | - Nehru Lavanya
- Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, India; (N.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Chinnathambi Sekar
- Department of Bioelectronics and Biosensors, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, India; (N.L.); (C.S.)
| | - Nicola Donato
- Department of Engineering, Messina University, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (N.D.); (G.N.)
| | - Giovanni Neri
- Department of Engineering, Messina University, I-98166 Messina, Italy; (N.D.); (G.N.)
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Abstract
Abstract
The focus of this review is an introduction to chemiresistive chemical sensors. The general concept of chemical sensors is briefly introduced, followed by different architectures of chemiresistive sensors and relevant materials. For several of the most common systems, the fabrication of the active materials used in such sensors and their properties are discussed. Furthermore, the sensing mechanism, advantages, and limitations of each group of chemiresistive sensors are briefly elaborated. Compared to electrochemical sensors, chemiresistive sensors have the key advantage of a simpler geometry, eliminating the need for a reference electrode. The performance of bulk chemiresistors can be improved upon by using freestanding ultra-thin films (nanomaterials) or field effect geometries. Both of those concepts have also been combined in a gateless geometry, where charge transport though a percolation network of nanomaterials is modulated via adsorbate doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirmasoud Mohtasebi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario, L8S 4M1 , Canada
| | - Peter Kruse
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario, L8S 4M1 , Canada
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Compagnone D, Francia GD, Natale CD, Neri G, Seeber R, Tajani A. Chemical Sensors and Biosensors in Italy: A Review of the 2015 Literature. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17040868. [PMID: 28420110 PMCID: PMC5424745 DOI: 10.3390/s17040868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The contributions of Italian researchers to sensor research in 2015 is reviewed. The analysis of the activities in one year allows one to obtain a snapshot of the Italian scenario capturing the main directions of the research activities. Furthermore, the distance of more than one year makes meaningful the bibliometric analysis of the reviewed papers. The review shows a research community distributed among different scientific disciplines, from chemistry, physics, engineering, and material science, with a strong interest in collaborative works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Compagnone
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Girolamo Di Francia
- ENEA Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, P.le E. Fermi 1, Napoli 80055, Italy.
| | - Corrado Di Natale
- Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Neri
- Department of Engineering, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Renato Seeber
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Antonella Tajani
- Department of Physical Science and Technologies of Matter, National Research Council, 00133 Roma, Italy.
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