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Dou Y, Chen L, Li H, Tang B, Henzen A, Zhou G. Photolithography Fabricated Spacer Arrays Offering Mechanical Strengthening and Oil Motion Control in Electrowetting Displays. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20020494. [PMID: 31952285 PMCID: PMC7014117 DOI: 10.3390/s20020494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introducing spacers into pixelated electrowetting displays (EWDs) normally gives mechanical strengthening, while bringing undesired disturbance of water/oil interfacial dynamics. Hence, spacer array is a key pixel structure needs careful consideration in the design and fabrication of electrowetting displays. Here, we propose a spacer array, which is designed standing on the junction of adjacent pixel walls, fabricated by photolithography. The spacer array provides mechanical strength enhancement and reliable oil motion controllability. By optimizing the spacer distribution density, the EWD device may achieve 28% increase in open ratio (white area fraction) and withstand 60 N/mm2 pressure. This design of spacer array reasonably solves the contradiction between mechanical strength enhancement and optoelectronic performance in EWDs, providing potential applications in oil-water two-phase microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Dou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.D.); (L.C.); (A.H.)
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.D.); (L.C.); (A.H.)
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui Li
- College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Nanhai Ave 3688, Shenzhen 518060, China;
| | - Biao Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.D.); (L.C.); (A.H.)
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (B.T.); (G.Z.)
| | - Alex Henzen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.D.); (L.C.); (A.H.)
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.D.); (L.C.); (A.H.)
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, China
- Academy of Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics, Shenzhen 518110, China
- Correspondence: (B.T.); (G.Z.)
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Deng Y, Li S, Ye D, Jiang H, Tang B, Zhou G. Synthesis and a Photo-Stability Study of Organic Dyes for Electro-Fluidic Display. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11010081. [PMID: 31940831 PMCID: PMC7019634 DOI: 10.3390/mi11010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electro-fluidic display (EFD) is one of the most promising reflective displays because of its full color and video speed. Colored EFD oil, which normally consists of soluble organic dyes and non-polar solvent, plays a critical role in color, electro-optical behavior, and the reliability of the EFD devices. In this paper, we report our research on two kinds of electro-fluidic dyes based on anthraquinone and azo pyrazolone, including their synthesis, structure characterization, and application properties. Changes of absorbance curves, color coordinates of oils, and photoelectric responses of devices were studied in detail under accelerated irradiation to investigate the photo-stability and reliability properties of synthesized oil materials and devices. Photoelectric responses and photo stability of dyes are highly varied depending on their structures. We found that 1,4-dlialkylamino anthraqinone and mono azo pyrazolone dyes are much more stable than 1,8-dlialkylamino anthraqinone and corresponding bisazo pyrazolone dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.D.); (S.L.); (H.J.); (G.Z.)
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, China;
- Academy of Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Shi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.D.); (S.L.); (H.J.); (G.Z.)
| | - Dechao Ye
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, China;
- Academy of Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.D.); (S.L.); (H.J.); (G.Z.)
| | - Biao Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.D.); (S.L.); (H.J.); (G.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +020-39314813
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.D.); (S.L.); (H.J.); (G.Z.)
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, China;
- Academy of Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics, Shenzhen 518110, China
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Deng Y, Tang B, Henzen AV, Zhou GG. 38-1: Invited Paper
: Recent Progress in Video Electronic Paper Displays based on Electro-fluidic Technology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/sdtp.11695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Deng
- Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics; South China Normal University; Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd.; Shenzhen 518110 P.R. China
| | - Biao Tang
- Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics; South China Normal University; Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
| | - Alexander Victor Henzen
- Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics; South China Normal University; Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
| | - Guofu G.F. Zhou
- Institute of Electronic Paper Displays South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics; South China Normal University; Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China
- Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd.; Shenzhen 518110 P.R. China
- Academy of Shenzhen Guohua Optoelectronics; Shenzhen 518110 P.R. China
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Guo J, Liu X, Jiang N, Yetisen AK, Yuk H, Yang C, Khademhosseini A, Zhao X, Yun SH. Highly Stretchable, Strain Sensing Hydrogel Optical Fibers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:10244-10249. [PMID: 27714887 PMCID: PMC5148684 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A core-clad fiber made of elastic, tough hydrogels is highly stretchable while guiding light. Fluorescent dyes are easily doped into the hydrogel fiber by diffusion. When stretched, the transmission spectrum of the fiber is altered, enabling the strain to be measured and also its location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Guo
- Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 65 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Soft Active Materials Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Nan Jiang
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Engineering in Medicine Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 122, Luoshi Road, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ali K. Yetisen
- Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 65 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Hyunwoo Yuk
- Soft Active Materials Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Changxi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center, Engineering in Medicine Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA
| | - Xuanhe Zhao
- Soft Active Materials Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Seok-Hyun Yun
- Harvard Medical School and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 65 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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