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Octacalcium Phosphate for Bone Tissue Engineering: Synthesis, Modification, and In Vitro Biocompatibility Assessment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312747. [PMID: 34884557 PMCID: PMC8657881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Octacalcium phosphate (OCP, Ca8H2(PO4)6·5H2O) is known to be a possible precursor of biological hydroxyapatite formation of organic bone tissue. OCP has higher biocompatibility and osseointegration rate compared to other calcium phosphates. In this work, the synthesis of low-temperature calcium phosphate compounds and substituted forms of those at physiological temperatures is shown. Strontium is used to improve bioactive properties of the material. Strontium was inserted into the OCP structure by ionic substitution in solutions. The processes of phase formation of low-temperature OCP with theoretical substitution of strontium for calcium up to 50 at.% in conditions close to physiological, i.e., temperature 35–37 °C and normal pressure, were described. The effect of strontium substitution range on changes in the crystal lattice of materials, the microstructural features, surface morphology and biological properties in vitro has been established. The results of the study indicate the effectiveness of using strontium in OCP for improving biocompatibility of OCP based composite materials intended for bone repair.
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Wan B, Wang R, Sun Y, Cao J, Wang H, Guo J, Chen D. Building Osteogenic Microenvironments With Strontium-Substituted Calcium Phosphate Ceramics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:591467. [PMID: 33117789 PMCID: PMC7576675 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.591467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioceramics have experienced great development over the past 50 years. Modern bioceramics are designed to integrate bioactive ions within ceramic granules to trigger living tissue regeneration. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that strontium is a safe and effective divalent metal ion for preventing osteoporosis, which has led to its incorporation in calcium phosphate-based ceramics. The local release of strontium ions during degradation results in moderate concentrations that trigger osteogenesis with few systemic side effects. Moreover, strontium has been proven to generate a favorable immune environment and promote early angiogenesis at the implantation site. Herein, the important aspects of strontium-enriched calcium phosphate bioceramics (Sr-CaPs), and how Sr-CaPs affect the osteogenic microenvironment, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renxian Wang
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Dafu Chen
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
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He J, Chen G, Liu M, Xu Z, Chen H, Yang L, Lv Y. Scaffold strategies for modulating immune microenvironment during bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 108:110411. [PMID: 31923946 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Implanted bone scaffolds often fail to successfully integrate with the host tissue because they do not elicit a favorable immune reaction. Properties of bone scaffold not only provide mechanical and chemical signals to support cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation, but also play a pivotal role in determining the extent of immune response during bone regeneration. Appropriate design parameters of bone scaffold are of great significance in the process of developing a new generation of bone implants. Herein, this article addresses the recent advances in the field of bone scaffolds for immune response, particularly focusing on the physical and chemical properties of bone scaffold in manipulating the host response. Furthermore, incorporation of bioactive molecules and cells with immunoregulatory function in bone scaffolds are also presented. Finally, continuing challenges and future directions of scaffold-based strategies for modulating immune microenvironment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua He
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
| | - Guobao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Mengying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Zhiling Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
| | - Hua Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
| | - Yonggang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
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Klinder A, Seyfarth A, Hansmann D, Bader R, Jonitz-Heincke A. Inflammatory Response of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Osteoblasts Incubated With Metallic and Ceramic Submicron Particles. Front Immunol 2018; 9:831. [PMID: 29922277 PMCID: PMC5996910 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory reactions associated with osteolysis and aseptic loosening are the result of wear particles generated at the articulating surfaces of implant components. The aim of the present study was to analyze the biological response of human osteoblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after exposure to metallic and alumina ceramic particles regarding cellular differentiation, cytokine release, and monocyte migration. Cells were exposed to particles (0.01 and 0.05 mg/ml) from an alumina matrix composite (AMC) ceramic and a CoCr28Mo6 alloy with an average size of 0.5 µm over 48 and 96 h. The expression rates of osteogenic (Col1A1, ALP) and pro-osteoclastic (RANK, Trap5b) differentiation markers as well as pro-osteolytic mediators (MMP-1, TIMP-1, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1) were determined and soluble protein concentrations of active MMP-1, IL-6, IL-8, and pro-collagen type 1 in cell culture supernatants were evaluated. Additionally, the capacity of particle-treated osteoblasts to attract potentially pro-inflammatory cells to the site of particle exposure was investigated by migration assays using osteoblast-conditioned media. The cellular morphology and metabolism of human osteoblasts and adherent PBMCs were influenced by particle type and concentration. In human osteoblasts, Col1A1 expression rates and protein production were significantly reduced after exposing cells to the lower concentration of cobalt-chromium (CoCr) and AMC particles. Exposure to AMC particles (0.01 mg/ml) resulted in increased mRNA levels of RANK and Trap5b in adherent PBMCs. For MMP-1 gene expression, elevated levels were more prominent after incubation with CoCr compared to AMC particles in osteoblasts, which was not reflected by the protein data. Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 mRNA and protein were induced in both cell types after treatment with AMC particles, whereas exposure to CoCr particles resulted in significantly upregulated IL-6 and IL-8 protein contents in PBMCs only. Exposure of osteoblasts to CoCr particles reduced the chemoattractant potential of osteoblast-conditioned medium. Our results demonstrate distinct effects of AMC and CoCr particles in human osteoblasts and PBMCs. Complex cell and animal models are required to further evaluate the impact of cellular interactions between different cell types during particle exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Klinder
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anika Seyfarth
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Doris Hansmann
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rainer Bader
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anika Jonitz-Heincke
- Department of Orthopaedics, Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
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