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Liu Q, Wang L, He D, Wu Y, Liu X, Yang Y, Chen Z, Dong Z, Luo Y, Song Y. Application Value of Antimicrobial Peptides in Gastrointestinal Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16718. [PMID: 38069041 PMCID: PMC10706433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is a common clinical malignant tumor disease that seriously endangers human health and lacks effective treatment methods. As part of the innate immune defense of many organisms, antimicrobial peptides not only have broad-spectrum antibacterial activity but also can specifically kill tumor cells. The positive charge of antimicrobial peptides under neutral conditions determines their high selectivity to tumor cells. In addition, antimicrobial peptides also have unique anticancer mechanisms, such as inducing apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest, membrane destruction, and inhibition of metastasis, which highlights the low drug resistance and high specificity of antimicrobial peptides. In this review, we summarize the related studies on antimicrobial peptides in the treatment of digestive tract tumors, mainly oral cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. This paper describes the therapeutic advantages of antimicrobial peptides due to their unique anticancer mechanisms. The length, net charge, and secondary structure of antimicrobial peptides can be modified by design or modification to further enhance their anticancer effects. In summary, as an emerging cancer treatment drug, antimicrobial peptides need to be further studied to realize their application in gastrointestinal cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Dongxia He
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yuewei Wu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xian Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yahan Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhizhi Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhan Dong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Ying Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yuzhu Song
- College of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
- Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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Luparello C, Branni R, Abruscato G, Lazzara V, Drahos L, Arizza V, Mauro M, Di Stefano V, Vazzana M. Cytotoxic capability and the associated proteomic profile of cell-free coelomic fluid extracts from the edible sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa on HepG2 liver cancer cells. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:722-743. [PMID: 35721581 PMCID: PMC9203982 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-4825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive cancer histotype and one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. The identification of compounds that might intervene to restrain neoplastic cell growth appears imperative due to its elevated overall mortality. The marine environment represents a reservoir rich in bioactive compounds in terms of primary and secondary metabolites produced by aquatic animals, mainly invertebrates. In the present study, we determined whether the water-soluble cell-free extract of the coelomic fluid (CFE) of the edible sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa could play an anti-HCC role in vitro by analyzing the viability and locomotory behavior, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and autophagy modulation, mitochondrial function and cell redox state of HepG2 HCC cells. We showed that CFE causes an early block in the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, which is coupled to oxidative stress promotion, autophagosome depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction ultimately leading to apoptotic death. We also performed a proteomic analysis of CFE identifying a number of proteins that are seemingly responsible for anti-cancer effects. In conclusion, H. tubulosa's CFE merits further investigation to develop novel promising anti-HCC prevention and/or treatment agents and also beneficial supplements for formulation of functional foods and food packaging material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Luparello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rossella Branni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Abruscato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Lazzara
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laszlo Drahos
- MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vincenzo Arizza
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Manuela Mauro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vita Di Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mirella Vazzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Guo HN, Tong YC, Wang HL, Zhang J, Li ZX, Abbas Z, Yang TT, Liu MY, Chen PY, Hua ZC, Yan XN, Cheng Q, Ahmat M, Wang JY, Zhang LL, Wei XB, Liao XD, Zhang RJ. Novel Hybrid Peptide Cathelicidin 2 (1-13)-Thymopentin (TP5) and Its Derived Peptides with Effective Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Anti-Adhesion Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11681. [PMID: 34769113 PMCID: PMC8583881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing numbers of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens highlight the urgent need for new alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides have the potential to be promising alternatives to antibiotics because of their effective bactericidal activity and highly selective toxicity. The present study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-adhesion activities of different CTP peptides (CTP: the original hybrid peptide cathelicidin 2 (1-13)-thymopentin (TP5); CTP-NH2: C-terminal amidated derivative of cathelicidin 2 (1-13)-TP5; CTPQ: glutamine added at the C-terminus of cathelicidin 2 (1-13)-TP5) by determining the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs), propidium iodide uptake, and analysis by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy). The results showed that CTPs had broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against different gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, with MICs against the tested strains varying from 2 to 64 μg/mL. CTPs at the MBC (2 × MIC 64 μg/mL) showed strong bactericidal effects on a standard methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain ATCC 43300 after co-incubation for 6 h through disruption of the bacterial membrane. In addition, CTPs at 2 × MIC also displayed effective inhibition activity of several S. aureus strains with a 40-90% decrease in biofilm formation by killing the bacteria embedded in the biofilms. CTPs had low cytotoxicity on the intestinal porcine epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2) and could significantly decrease the rate of adhesion of S. aureus ATCC 43300 on IPEC-J2 cells. The current study proved that CTPs have effective antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-adhesion activities. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of the possible antibacterial and antibiofilm mechanisms of CTPs, which might be an effective anti-MDR drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Nan Guo
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Yu-Cui Tong
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Zhong-Xuan Li
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China;
| | - Zaheer Abbas
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Tian-Tian Yang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Meng-Yao Liu
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Pei-Yao Chen
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Zheng-Chang Hua
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Xiao-Na Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China;
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Marhaba Ahmat
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Jun-Yong Wang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Lu-Lu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.-L.Z.); (X.-B.W.)
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xu-Biao Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (L.-L.Z.); (X.-B.W.)
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiu-Dong Liao
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Ri-Jun Zhang
- Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.-N.G.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-L.W.); (J.Z.); (Z.A.); (T.-T.Y.); (M.-Y.L.); (P.-Y.C.); (Z.-C.H.); (Q.C.); (M.A.); (J.-Y.W.)
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LC-MS/MS-based profiling of bioactive metabolites of endophytic bacteria from Cannabis sativa and their anti-Phytophthora activity. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2021; 114:1165-1179. [PMID: 33945066 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01586-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Protection of crop plants from phytopathogens through endophytic bacteria is a newly emerged area of biocontrol. In this study, endophytic bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of Cannabis sativa. Based on initial antimicrobial screening, three (03) bacteria Serratia marcescens MOSEL-w2, Enterobacter cloacae MOSEL-w7, and Paenibacillus MOSEL-w13 were selected. Antimicrobial assays of these selected bacteria against Phytophthora parasitica revealed that E. cloacae MOSEL-w7 and Paenibacillus sp. MOSEL-w13 possessed strong activity against P. parasitica. All these bacterial extracts showed strong inhibition against P. parasitica at different concentrations (4-400 µg mL-1). P. parasitica hyphae treated with ethyl acetate extract of E. cloacae MOSEL-w7 resulted in severe growth abnormalities compared to control. The extracts were further evaluated for in vivo detached-leaf assay against P. parasitica on the wild type tobacco. Application of 1% ethyl acetate bacterial extract of S. marcescens MOSEL-w2, E. cloacae MOSEL-w7, and Paenibacillus sp. MOSEL-w13 reduced P. parasitica induced lesion sizes and lesion frequencies by 60-80%. HPLC based fractions of each extract also showed bioactivity against P. parasitica. A total of 24 compounds were found in the S. marcescens MOSEL-w2, 15 compounds in E. cloacae MOSEL-w7 and 20 compounds found in Paenibacillus sp. MOSEL-w13. LC-MS/MS analyses showed different bioactive compounds in the bacterial extracts such as Cotinine (alkylpyrrolidine), L-tryptophan, L-lysine, L-Dopa, and L-ornithine. These results suggest that S. marcescens MOSEL-w2, E. cloacae MOSEL-w7, and Paenibacillus MOSEL-w13 are a source of bioactive metabolites and could be used in combination with other biocontrol agents, with other modes of action for controlling diseases caused by Phytophthora in crops. They could be a clue for the broad-spectrum biopesticides for agriculturally significant crops.
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Bowden TJ, Kraev I, Lange S. Extracellular Vesicles and Post-Translational Protein Deimination Signatures in Mollusca-The Blue Mussel ( Mytilus edulis), Soft Shell Clam ( Mya arenaria), Eastern Oyster ( Crassostrea virginica) and Atlantic Jacknife Clam ( Ensis leei). BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9120416. [PMID: 33255637 PMCID: PMC7760292 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Oysters and clams form an important component of the food chain and food security and are of considerable commercial value worldwide. They are affected by pollution and climate change, as well as a range of infections, some of which are opportunistic. For aquaculture purposes they are furthermore of great commercial value and changes in their immune responses can also serve as indicators of changes in ocean environments. Therefore, studies into understanding new factors in their immune systems may aid new biomarker discovery and are of considerable value. This study assessed new biomarkers relating to changes in protein function in four economically important marine molluscs, the blue mussel, soft shell clam, Eastern oyster, and Atlantic jacknife clam. These findings indicate novel regulatory mechanisms of important metabolic and immunology related pathways in these mollusks. The findings provide new understanding to how these pathways function in diverse ways in different animal species as well as aiding new biomarker discovery for Mollusca aquaculture. Abstract Oysters and clams are important for food security and of commercial value worldwide. They are affected by anthropogenic changes and opportunistic pathogens and can be indicators of changes in ocean environments. Therefore, studies into biomarker discovery are of considerable value. This study aimed at assessing extracellular vesicle (EV) signatures and post-translational protein deimination profiles of hemolymph from four commercially valuable Mollusca species, the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis), soft shell clam (Mya arenaria), Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica), and Atlantic jacknife clam (Ensis leei). EVs form part of cellular communication by transporting protein and genetic cargo and play roles in immunity and host–pathogen interactions. Protein deimination is a post-translational modification caused by peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), and can facilitate protein moonlighting in health and disease. The current study identified hemolymph-EV profiles in the four Mollusca species, revealing some species differences. Deiminated protein candidates differed in hemolymph between the species, with some common targets between all four species (e.g., histone H3 and H4, actin, and GAPDH), while other hits were species-specific; in blue mussel these included heavy metal binding protein, heat shock proteins 60 and 90, 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydrolyase, GTP cyclohydrolase feedback regulatory protein, sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase, and fibrinogen domain containing protein. In soft shell clam specific deimination hits included dynein, MCM3-associated protein, and SCRN. In Eastern oyster specific deimination hits included muscle LIM protein, beta-1,3-glucan-binding protein, myosin heavy chain, thaumatin-like protein, vWFA domain-containing protein, BTB domain-containing protein, amylase, and beta-catenin. Deiminated proteins specific to Atlantic jackknife clam included nacre c1q domain-containing protein and PDZ domain-containing protein In addition, some proteins were common as deiminated targets between two or three of the Bivalvia species under study (e.g., EP protein, C1q domain containing protein, histone H2B, tubulin, elongation factor 1-alpha, dominin, extracellular superoxide dismutase). Protein interaction network analysis for the deiminated protein hits revealed major pathways relevant for immunity and metabolism, providing novel insights into post-translational regulation via deimination. The study contributes to EV characterization in diverse taxa and understanding of roles for PAD-mediated regulation of immune and metabolic pathways throughout phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Bowden
- Aquaculture Research Institute, School of Food & Agriculture, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469-5735, USA;
| | - Igor Kraev
- Electron Microscopy Suite, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK;
| | - Sigrun Lange
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)207-911-5000
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Oh R, Lee MJ, Kim YO, Nam BH, Kong HJ, Kim JW, Park JY, Seo JK, Kim DG. Myticusin-beta, antimicrobial peptide from the marine bivalve, Mytilus coruscus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 99:342-352. [PMID: 32061872 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We isolated and purified an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) from the mantle of the hard-shelled mussel, Mytilus coruscus. The peptide was purified through C18 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and displayed antibacterial activity. Total molecular mass of 11,182 Da was determined using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrophotometry. The N-terminal 23-amino acid sequence of its purified peak was obtained through Edman degradation, revealing 82% identity with myticusin-1 of M. coruscus. Complete sequence of the target peptide was determined through cDNA cloning and rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The complete sequence comprised 574 bp with a 387-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 24 amino acids of a signal peptide and 104 amino acids of a mature peptide, which was named myticusin-beta. Furthermore, we discovered two novel isoforms of myticusin-beta. We constructed and expressed recombinant myticusin-beta, which displayed antimicrobial activity against gram-positive (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus iniae, Streptococcus mutans) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio alginolyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae). Purified recombinant myticusin-beta also showed anti-parasitic activity at various concentrations. A short AMP analog was designed and synthesized based on the sequence of myticusin-beta, with markedly improved antimicrobial activity. Expression of myticusin-beta was detected in the mantle at the highest level, followed by hemocytes. The results obtained in this work suggest that myticusin-beta is an immune-related AMP of M. coruscus and an effective alternative to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryunkyoung Oh
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Lee
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ok Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hye Nam
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Kong
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Won Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yeon Park
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kil Seo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, 54150, South Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea.
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Tran NT, Kong T, Zhang M, Li S. Pattern recognition receptors and their roles on the innate immune system of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 102:103469. [PMID: 31430487 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune system is the first line of defense protecting the hosts against invading pathogens. Mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) is widely distributed in China and Indo-west Pacific countries, which develops a very complicated innate immune system against pathogen invasions. Innate immunity involves the humoral and cellular responses that are linked to the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). PRRs initially recognize the infection and trigger the activation of signaling cascades, leading to transcriptional regulation of inflammatory mediators that function in pathogenic control and clearance. In mud crab S. paramamosain, the Toll/Toll-like receptors, lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan binding proteins, C-type lectins, scavenger receptors, and down syndrome cell adhesion molecules have been identified as receptor families responsible for the recognition of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, and are important components in the innate immune system. In this review, we summarize the literature on the current knowledge and the roles of PRRs in the immune defenses of mud crab, which in an effort to provide much information for further researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Tuan Tran
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Tongtong Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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Nam BH, Park EH, Shin EH, Kim YO, Kim DG, Kong HJ, Park JY, Seo JK. Development of novel antimicrobial peptides derived from anti-lipopolysaccharide factor of the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:664-672. [PMID: 30336284 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) are a representative host defense protein in crustaceans. In this study, we successfully developed two novel antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), named crab-ALF2A and crab-ALF6A, which contain changes to the amino acid sequences of the lipopolysaccharide binding domain and signal peptide, respectively, of the ALF of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. The crab-ALF2A peptide showed potent antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus iniae (minimal effective concentration [MEC] 1.51-1.93 μg/mL) and the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli (MEC 1.87-1.98 μg/mL), with maximal bactericidal activity at a peptide concentration of 5 μg/mL. The crab-ALF6A peptide also showed potent antimicrobial activity against B. cereus, S. aureus, and S. iniae (MEC 1.49-2.3 μg/mL) and P. aeruginosa and E. coli (MEC 1.72-1.19 μg/mL) at a peptide concentration of 5 μg/mL. Notably, the crab-ALF2A and crab-ALF6A peptides exhibited strong activity against Candida albicans (MECs of 2.11 and 1.95 μg/mL, respectively). These activities were stable following heat treatment. Moreover, the effect of crab-ALF2A and crab-ALF6A peptide treatment on microbe cell morphology was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Membrane disruption and damage, and the leakage of cytoplasmic content were clearly observed. A downsizing peptide approach illustrated that the hexapeptide ALF6A8 (RVLLRL) was the shortest peptide showing significant antimicrobial activity. Our approach allows for the generation of novel antimicrobial peptides in a cost effective manner as potential next-generation antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hye Nam
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Haean-ro 216, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 619-705, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Hee Park
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Haean-ro 216, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 619-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ha Shin
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Haean-ro 216, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 619-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ok Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Haean-ro 216, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 619-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Haean-ro 216, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 619-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Kong
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Haean-ro 216, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 619-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Youn Park
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Haean-ro 216, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 619-705, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kil Seo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kunsan National University, Republic of Korea.
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Oh R, Lee MJ, Kim YO, Nam BH, Kong HJ, Kim JW, Park JY, Seo JK, Kim DG. Purification and characterization of an antimicrobial peptide mytichitin-chitin binding domain from the hard-shelled mussel, Mytilus coruscus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 83:425-435. [PMID: 30195913 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An antimicrobial peptide with 55 amino acid residues was purified by C18 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) from foot extract of the hard-shelled mussel, Mytilus coruscus. This peptide showed strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungi. The purified peptide was determined to have a molecular mass of 6202 Da by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrophotometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). The identified 20-amino acid sequence of the purified peak by Edman degradation shared 100% identity with the N-terminal regions of mytichitin-1, mytichitin-2, mytichitin-3, mytichitin-4, mytichitin-5, and chitinase-like protein-1, and so was named mytichitin-CBD. The cDNA of mytichitin-CBD was cloned and sequenced by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The mRNA transcripts were mainly detected in foot tissue, and they were up-regulated and peaked at 4 h after bacterial infection. We constructed and expressed recombinant mytichitin-CBD protein which displayed antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria Gram-positive bacteria and the fungus as well as anti-parasitic activity against scuticociliates. The results of this study demonstrate that the peptide isolated from M. coruscus is related to the innate immune system of this marine invertebrate and is a possible alternative to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryunkyoung Oh
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Lee
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ok Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hye Nam
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Kong
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Won Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Youn Park
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kil Seo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, 54150, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Gyun Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea.
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Antibacterial Activity of AI-Hemocidin 2, a Novel N-Terminal Peptide of Hemoglobin Purified from Arca inflata. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15070205. [PMID: 28661457 PMCID: PMC5532647 DOI: 10.3390/md15070205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The continued emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in recent years is of great concern. The search for new classes of antibacterial agents has expanded to non-traditional sources such as shellfish. An antibacterial subunit of hemoglobin (Hb-I) was purified from the mantle of Arca inflata by phosphate extraction and ion exchange chromatography. A novel antibacterial peptide, AI-hemocidin 2, derived from Hb-I, was discovered using bioinformatics analysis. It displayed antibacterial activity across a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 37.5 to 300 μg/mL, and it exhibited minimal hemolytic or cytotoxic activities. The antibacterial activity of AI-hemocidin 2 was thermostable (25–100 °C) and pH resistant (pH 3–10). The cellular integrity was determined by flow cytometry. AI-hemocidin 2 was capable of permeating the cellular membrane. Changes in the cell morphology were observed with a scanning electron microscope. Circular dichroism spectra suggested that AI-hemocidin 2 formed an α-helix structure in the membrane mimetic environment. The results indicated that the anti-bacterial mechanism for AI-hemocidin 2 occurred through disrupting the cell membrane. AI-hemocidin 2 might be a potential candidate for tackling antibiotic resistant bacteria.
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