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Marasinghe CK, Yoon SD, Je JY. Two peptides LLRLTDL and GYALPCDCL inhibit foam cell formation through activating PPAR-γ/LXR-α signaling pathway in oxLDL-treated RAW264.7 macrophages. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 38760074 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Foam cell formation plays a pivotal role in atherosclerosis-associated cardiovascular diseases. Bioactive peptides generated from marine sources have been found to provide multifunctional health advantages. In the present study, we investigated the anti-atherosclerotic effects of LLRLTDL (Bu1) and GYALPCDCL (Bu2) peptides, isolated from ark shell protein hydrolysates by assessing their inhibitory effect on oxidized LDL (oxLDL)-induced foam cell formation. The two peptides showed a promising anti-atherosclerotic effect by inhibiting foam cell formation, which was evidenced by inhibiting lipid accumulation in oxLDL-treated RAW264.7 macrophages and oxLDL-treated primary human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC). Two peptides effectively reduced total cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesterol ester, and triglyceride levels by upregulating cholesterol efflux and downregulating cholesterol influx. Expression of cholesterol influx-related proteins such as SR-A1 and CD36 were reduced, whereas cholesterol efflux-related proteins such as ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCA-1 and ABCG-1 were highly expressed. In addition, Bu1 and Bu2 peptides increased PPAR-γ and LXR-α expression. However, PPAR-γ siRNA transfection reversed the foam cell formation inhibitory activity of Bu1 and Bu2 peptides. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of Bu1 and Bu2 peptides on foam cell formation inhibition was observed with PPAR-γ agonist thiazolidinediones, indicating that PPAR-γ signaling pathway plays a key role in foam cell formation of macrophages. Beyond their impact on foam cell formation, Bu1 and Bu2 peptides demonstrated anti-inflammatory potential by inhibiting the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide and NF-κB nuclear activation. Taken together, these results suggest that Bu1 and Bu2 peptides may be useful for atherosclerosis and associated anti-inflammatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soon-Do Yoon
- Department of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Je
- Major of Human Bioconvergence, Division of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Gupta JK, Singh K. Pharmacological Potential of Bioactive Peptides for the Treatment of Diseases Associated with Alzheimer's and Brain Disorders. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:962-979. [PMID: 37691200 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230907115753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides are a promising class of therapeutics for the treatment of diseases associated with Alzheimer's and brain disorders. These peptides are derived from naturally occurring proteins and have been shown to possess a variety of beneficial properties. They may modulate neurotransmitter systems, reduce inflammation, and improve cognitive performance. In addition, bioactive peptides have the potential to target specific molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's and brain disorders. For example, peptides have been shown to interact with amyloid-beta, a major component of amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer's disease, and have been shown to reduce its accumulation in the brain. Furthermore, peptides have been found to modulate the activity of glutamate receptors, which are important for memory and learning, as well as to inhibit the activity of enzymes involved in the formation of toxic amyloid-beta aggregates. Finally, bioactive peptides have the potential to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, two major components of many neurological disorders. These peptides could be used alone or in combination with traditional pharmacological treatments to improve the management of diseases associated with Alzheimer's and brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeetendra Kumar Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Nikoo M, Regenstein JM, Yasemi M. Protein Hydrolysates from Fishery Processing By-Products: Production, Characteristics, Food Applications, and Challenges. Foods 2023; 12:4470. [PMID: 38137273 PMCID: PMC10743304 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish processing by-products such as frames, trimmings, and viscera of commercial fish species are rich in proteins. Thus, they could potentially be an economical source of proteins that may be used to obtain bioactive peptides and functional protein hydrolysates for the food and nutraceutical industries. The structure, composition, and biological activities of peptides and hydrolysates depend on the freshness and the actual composition of the material. Peptides isolated from fishery by-products showed antioxidant activity. Changes in hydrolysis parameters changed the sequence and properties of the peptides and determined their physiological functions. The optimization of the value of such peptides and the production costs must be considered for each particular source of marine by-products and for their specific food applications. This review will discuss the functional properties of fishery by-products prepared using hydrolysis and their potential food applications. It also reviews the structure-activity relationships of the antioxidant activity of peptides as well as challenges to the use of fishery by-products for protein hydrolysate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Nikoo
- Department of Pathobiology and Quality Control, Artemia and Aquaculture Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia 57179-44514, Iran
| | - Joe M. Regenstein
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-7201, USA;
| | - Mehran Yasemi
- Department of Fisheries, Institute of Agricultural Education and Extension, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran 19858-13111, Iran;
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Idowu AT, Amigo-Benavent M, Whelan S, Edwards MD, FitzGerald RJ. Impact of Different Light Conditions on the Nitrogen, Protein, Colour, Total Phenolic Content and Amino Acid Profiles of Cultured Palmaria palmata. Foods 2023; 12:3940. [PMID: 37959059 PMCID: PMC10647453 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of different light conditions during culture on the nitrogen, protein, colour, total phenolic content (TPC) and amino acid profile of Palmaria palmata biomass was investigated. P. palmata was cultured using different light regimes, i.e., white (1 and 2), red, blue and green over 12 days. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in total nitrogen (TN), non-protein nitrogen (NPN) and protein nitrogen (PN) was observed on day 6 while an increase was observed on day 12 in P. palmata samples cultured under blue light. The protein content (nitrogen conversion factor of 4.7) of the initial sample on day 0 was 15.0% (w/w) dw whereas a maximum protein content of 16.7% (w/w) was obtained during exposure to blue light following 12 days culture, corresponding to an 11.2% increase in protein content. Electrophoretic along with amino acid profile and score analyses showed light-related changes in protein composition. The lighting regime used during culture also influenced the colour parameters (lightness L*, redness a*, yellowness b* and colour difference ΔE) of milled algal biomass along with the TPC. Judicious selection of lighting regime during culture may allow the targeted production of sustainable high-quality proteins from P. palmata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Temitope Idowu
- Proteins and Peptides Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (A.T.I.); (M.A.-B.)
- BioMaterial Research Cluster, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Miryam Amigo-Benavent
- Proteins and Peptides Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (A.T.I.); (M.A.-B.)
- BioMaterial Research Cluster, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Susan Whelan
- Irish Seaweed Consultancy Ltd., H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (S.W.); (M.D.E.)
| | - Maeve D. Edwards
- Irish Seaweed Consultancy Ltd., H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (S.W.); (M.D.E.)
| | - Richard J. FitzGerald
- Proteins and Peptides Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (A.T.I.); (M.A.-B.)
- BioMaterial Research Cluster, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
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Shekoohi N, Naik AS, Amigo-Benavent M, Harnedy-Rothwell PA, Carson BP, FitzGerald RJ. Physicochemical, technofunctional, in vitro antioxidant, and in situ muscle protein synthesis properties of a sprat ( Sprattus sprattus) protein hydrolysate. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1197274. [PMID: 37426190 PMCID: PMC10328741 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1197274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sprat (Sprattus sprattus) is an underutilized fish species that may act as an economic and sustainable alternative source of protein due to its good amino acid (AA) profile along with its potential to act as a source of multiple bioactive peptide sequences. Method and results This study characterized the physicochemical, technofunctional, and in vitro antioxidant properties along with the AA profile and score of a sprat protein enzymatic hydrolysate (SPH). Furthermore, the impact of the SPH on the growth, proliferation, and muscle protein synthesis (MPS) in skeletal muscle (C2C12) myotubes was examined. The SPH displayed good solubility and emulsion stabilization properties containing all essential and non-essential AAs. Limited additional hydrolysis was observed following in vitro-simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID) of the SPH. The SGID-treated SPH (SPH-SGID) displayed in vitro oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) activity (549.42 μmol TE/g sample) and the ability to reduce (68%) reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in C2C12 myotubes. Muscle growth and myotube thickness were analyzed using an xCELLigence™ platform in C2C12 myotubes treated with 1 mg protein equivalent.mL-1 of SPH-SGID for 4 h. Anabolic signaling (phosphorylation of mTOR, rpS6, and 4E-BP1) and MPS (measured by puromycin incorporation) were assessed using immunoblotting. SPH-SGID significantly increased myotube thickness (p < 0.0001) compared to the negative control (cells grown in AA and serum-free medium). MPS was also significantly higher after incubation with SPH-SGID compared with the negative control (p < 0.05). Conclusions These preliminary in situ results indicate that SPH may have the ability to promote muscle enhancement. In vivo human studies are required to verify these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Shekoohi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Azza Silotry Naik
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Miryam Amigo-Benavent
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Pádraigín A. Harnedy-Rothwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Brian P. Carson
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Richard J. FitzGerald
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Shekoohi N, Amigo-Benavent M, Wesley Peixoto da Fonseca G, Harnedy-Rothwell PA, FitzGerald RJ, Carson BP. A Cell-Based Assessment of the Muscle Anabolic Potential of Blue Whiting ( Micromesistius poutassou) Protein Hydrolysates. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032001. [PMID: 36768324 PMCID: PMC9916327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Blue whiting (BW) represents an underutilised fish species containing a high-quality protein and amino acid (AA) profile with numerous potentially bioactive peptide sequences, making BW an economic and sustainable alternative source of protein. This study investigated the impact of three different BW protein hydrolysates (BWPH-X, Y and Z) on growth, proliferation and muscle protein synthesis (MPS) in skeletal muscle (C2C12) myotubes. BWPHs were hydrolysed using different enzymatic and heat exposures and underwent simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID), each resulting in a high degree of hydrolysis (33.41-37.29%) and high quantities of low molecular mass peptides (86.17-97.12% <1 kDa). C2C12 myotubes were treated with 1 mg protein equivalent/mL of SGID-BWPHs for 4 h. Muscle growth and myotube thickness were analysed using an xCelligence™ platform. Anabolic signalling (phosphorylation of mTOR, rpS6 and 4E-BP1) and MPS measured by puromycin incorporation were assessed using immunoblotting. BWPH-X significantly increased muscle growth (p < 0.01) and myotube thickness (p < 0.0001) compared to the negative control (amino acid and serum free media). Muscle protein synthesis (MPS), as measured by puromycin incorporation, was significantly higher after incubation with BWPH-X compared with the negative control, but did not significantly change in response to BWPH-Y and Z treatments. Taken together, these preliminary findings demonstrate the anabolic potential of some but not all BWPHs on muscle enhancement, thus providing justification for human dietary intervention studies to confirm and translate the results of such investigations to dietary recommendations and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Shekoohi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Miryam Amigo-Benavent
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Guilherme Wesley Peixoto da Fonseca
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Pádraigín A. Harnedy-Rothwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Richard J. FitzGerald
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Brian P. Carson
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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Wan P, Cai B, Chen H, Chen D, Zhao X, Yuan H, Huang J, Chen X, Luo L, Pan J. Antidiabetic effects of protein hydrolysates from Trachinotus ovatus and identification and screening of peptides with α-amylase and DPP-IV inhibitory activities. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100446. [PMID: 36816000 PMCID: PMC9932700 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the antidiabetic properties of Trachinotus ovatus protein hydrolysates (TOH) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were investigated, and peptides with α-amylase (AAM) and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory activities were identified and screened. The results showed that TOH alleviated body weight loss, polyphagia, blood glucose elevation and insulin secretion decline in diabetic mice. After 4 weeks of TOH administration, random blood glucose (RBG) decreased significantly. The TOH groups showed a dose-dependent reduction in fasting blood glucose (FBG), especially in the high-dose TOH group, which reduced FBG by 58% versus the effect of metformin. Moreover, TOH exerted a remarkable protective effect on hepatorenal function, as evidenced by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and decreased serum urea levels. Histopathological studies confirmed that TOH can significantly protect the kidney and pancreas from histological changes, which was of great benefit for ensuring the normal secretion of insulin and preventing the occurrence of complications such as diabetic nephropathy. Two fractions with higher inhibitory activity against AAM and DPP-IV, F4 and F6, were obtained from the ultrafiltration of TOH-2 (≤3 kDa). A total of 19 potentially active peptides from F4 and 3 potentially active peptides from F6 were screened by LC‒MS/MS combined with bioinformatic analysis. These peptides are small molecular peptides composed of 2-6 amino acids, rich in characteristic amino acids such as proline, arginine, phenylalanine and asparagine, and contain high proportions of peptides (68% for F4, 67% for F6) with hydrophobicity ≥50%. They offer potent antidiabetic potential and could potentially bind to the active sites in the internal cavities of the target enzymes AAM and DPP-IV. In summary, this study revealed for the first time the antidiabetic effects of protein hydrolysates of Trachinotus ovatus and their derived peptides, which are promising natural ingredients with the potential to be used for the treatment or prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Meteria Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Bingna Cai
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Meteria Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Meteria Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Deke Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Meteria Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Xiangtan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Meteria Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Huabiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Meteria Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Jingtong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Meteria Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, China
| | - Jianyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Meteria Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
- Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
- Corresponding author. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, Guangdong, China.
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Sabzipour-Hafshejani F, Mirzapour-Kouhdasht A, Khodaei D, Taghizadeh MS, Garcia-Vaquero M. Impact of Whey Protein Edible Coating Containing Fish Gelatin Hydrolysates on Physicochemical, Microbial, and Sensory Properties of Chicken Breast Fillets. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163371. [PMID: 36015628 PMCID: PMC9414817 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to research the impact of coatings containing whey protein (WP), fish gelatin hydrolysates (FGH), and both compounds together (WP + FGH) on the shelf-life of chicken breast fillets over the course of 16 days of cold storage (4 °C, 4-day intervals), as assessed by their physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory properties. Overall, cooking loss, pH value, total volatile base nitrogen, free fatty acids, peroxide value, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances increased with storage time in all samples. WP + FGH coated samples had significantly lower variation in all these parameters over the time of storage compared to other coated samples (WP and FGH), while these parameters increased greatly in control (uncoated) samples. WP + FGH coating also resulted in reduced bacterial counts of total mesophilic, aerobic psychrotrophic, and lactic acid bacteria compared to other coated and uncoated samples. The sensory evaluation revealed no differences in the panelists’ overall acceptance at day 0 of storage between samples. The samples were considered “non-acceptable” by day 8 of storage; however, WP + FGH coated samples maintained an overall higher acceptability score for the sensory attributes evaluated by the panelists. Overall, this study shows the potential of WP + FGH coatings for prolonging the shelf-life of chicken breast fillets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forouzan Sabzipour-Hafshejani
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-65186, Iran
| | - Armin Mirzapour-Kouhdasht
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Diako Khodaei
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Atlantic Technological University, ATU Galway, H91 T8NW Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Marco Garcia-Vaquero
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-(01)-7162-513
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Heffernan S, Nunn L, Harnedy-Rothwell PA, Gite S, Whooley J, Giblin L, FitzGerald RJ, O’Brien NM. Blue Whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) Protein Hydrolysates Increase GLP-1 Secretion and Proglucagon Production in STC-1 Cells Whilst Maintaining Caco-2/HT29-MTX Co-Culture Integrity. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020112. [PMID: 35200641 PMCID: PMC8877066 DOI: 10.3390/md20020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inducing the feeling of fullness via the regulation of satiety hormones presents an effective method for reducing excess energy intake and, in turn, preventing the development of obesity. In this study, the ability of blue whiting soluble protein hydrolysates (BWSPHs) and simulated gastrointestinal digested (SGID) BWSPHs, to modulate the secretion and/or production of satiety hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), cholecystokinin (CCK) and peptide YY (PYY), was assessed in murine enteroendocrine STC-1 cells. All BWSPHs (BW-SPH-A to BW-SPH-F) (1.0% w/v dw) increased active GLP-1 secretion and proglucagon production in STC-1 cells compared to the basal control (Krebs–Ringer buffer) (p < 0.05). The signaling pathway activated for GLP-1 secretion was also assessed. A significant increase in intracellular calcium levels was observed after incubation with all BWSPHs (p < 0.05) compared with the control, although none of the BWSPHs altered intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations. The secretagogue effect of the leading hydrolysate was diminished after SGID. Neither pre- nor post-SGID hydrolysates affected epithelial barrier integrity or stimulated interleukin (IL)-6 secretion in differentiated Caco-2/HT-29MTX co-cultured cells. These results suggest a role for BWSPH-derived peptides in satiety activity; however, these peptides may need to be protected by some means to avoid loss of activity during gastrointestinal transit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauna Heffernan
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Leo Nunn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, T12 P928 Cork, Ireland;
| | | | - Snehal Gite
- Bio-Marine Ingredients Ireland Ltd., Lough Egish Food Park, A75 WR82 Castleblaney, Ireland; (S.G.); (J.W.)
| | - Jason Whooley
- Bio-Marine Ingredients Ireland Ltd., Lough Egish Food Park, A75 WR82 Castleblaney, Ireland; (S.G.); (J.W.)
| | - Linda Giblin
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Richard J. FitzGerald
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (P.A.H.-R.); (R.J.F.)
| | - Nora M. O’Brien
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-21-490-2884
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