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Hassan AHE, Choi Y, Kim R, Kim HJ, Almatary AM, El-Sayed SM, Lee Y, Lee JK, Park KD, Lee YS. Synthesis and biological evaluation of O 4'-benzyl-hispidol derivatives and analogs as dual monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors and anti-neuroinflammatory agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 110:117826. [PMID: 39004050 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of two series of O4'-benzyl-hispidol derivatives and the analogous corresponding O3'-benzyl derivatives aiming to develop selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors endowed with anti-neuroinflammatory activity is reported herein. The first O4'-benzyl-hispidol derivatives series afforded several more potentially active and MAO-B inhibitors than the O3'-benzyl derivatives series. The most potential compound 2e of O4'-benzyl derivatives elicited sub-micromolar MAO-B IC50 of 0.38 µM with a selectivity index >264 whereas most potential compound 3b of O3'-benzyl derivatives showed only 0.95 MAO-B IC50 and a selectivity index >105. Advancement of the most active compounds showing sub-micromolar activities to further cellular evaluations of viability and induced production of pro-neuroinflammatory mediators confirmed compound 2e as a potential lead compound inhibiting the production of the neuroinflammatory mediator nitric oxide significantly by microglial BV2 cells at 3 µM concentration without significant cytotoxicity up to 30 µM. In silico molecular docking study predicted plausible binding modes with MAO enzymes and provided insights at the molecular level. Overall, this report presents compound 2e as a potential lead compound to develop potential multifunctional compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H E Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonwoo Choi
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Rium Kim
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong Kim
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Aya M Almatary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Selwan M El-Sayed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura National University, Gamasa 7731168, Egypt
| | - Yeongae Lee
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kil Lee
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Duk Park
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Sup Lee
- Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Ogunbode TO, Esan VI, Oyebamiji VO, Olatubi IV, Ogunlaran OM. Exploring People's Perception on Pros and Cons of Human-Bat Coexistence in Urban Environs in Southwestern Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2024; 18:11786302241266051. [PMID: 39071234 PMCID: PMC11283653 DOI: 10.1177/11786302241266051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
This research intricately explores the dynamics surrounding the coexistence of humans and roosting bats in urban areas, meticulously examining both the advantageous and detrimental aspects of their living arrangement. The study conducted a comprehensive survey with 286 residents in Iwo and Ogbomoso, where Eidolon helvum bats are known to roost, generating a robust dataset for thorough analysis. Rigorous statistical assessments, including the KMO and Bartlett's tests, confirmed the data's reliability at a significance level of P < .05. The respondent demographic revealed a predominance of 65% male participants, with an overwhelming 85% claiming familiarity with bats in their respective domains. Utilizing factor analysis, the study identified 8 salient variables from the initial 26, shedding light on diverse perceptions regarding bats: (i) Urban roosting (16.729%); (ii) Impact on tree growth (12.607%); (iii) Failed dislodgement attempts (11.504%); (iv) Medicinal value (10.240%); (v) Co-habitation preference (9.963%); (vi) Costly dislodgment consequences (9.963%); (vii) Beautification disruption (5.615%); and (viii) Structure defacement (5.510%). These factors were systematically categorized into 4 distinct themes: (A) Forced cohabitation (26.762%); (B) Environmental degradation by bats (23.732%); (C) Consequences of dislodging bats (21.477%); and (D) Acknowledged benefits of bats (10.240%). Co-habitation with bats becomes a necessity for ecological balance and, importantly, to safeguard the livelihood of roosting bats within their natural ecology, which man has encroached upon through urbanization, making all negatives arising from such existence self-inflicted by man. However, this study underscores the importance of human-bat cohabitation for mutual benefits, emphasizing potential detrimental consequences, including significant costs, associated with displacing bats from their natural ecosystem. These consequences may exacerbate the impacts of climate change, environmental degradation, and ecological imbalance. Further research is recommended to explore the positive aspects of the sustainable roosting bats' existence in the natural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy O Ogunbode
- Environmental Management and Crop Production Unit, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Vincent I Esan
- Environmental Management and Crop Production Unit, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | | | - Iyabo V Olatubi
- Pure and Applied Biology Programme, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Oladotun M Ogunlaran
- Mathematics Programme, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
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Taylor E, Artursson K, Busani L, Callegari A, Cantlay J, Caniça M, Campling E, Gavier-Widén D, van de Giessen A, Itier D, Imberechts H, Roest HJ, Jestin A, de Juan L, Jokelainen P, Kaesbohrer A, Lindberg A, Mantovani A, Mølbak K, van der Poel WH, Poirier AC, Sepe LP, Morabito S, Whitehouse J, Horton DL, La Ragione R. Communicating and disseminating One Health: successes of the One Health European Joint Programme. J Med Microbiol 2024; 73:001842. [PMID: 39057747 PMCID: PMC11317964 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of a One Health approach recognizes that human health, animal health, plant health and ecosystem health are intrinsically connected. Tackling complex challenges associated with foodborne zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance, and emerging threats is imperative. Therefore, the One Health European Joint Programme was established within the European Union research programme Horizon 2020. The One Health European Joint Programme activities were based on the development and harmonization of a One Health science-based framework in the European Union (EU) and involved public health, animal health and food safety institutes from almost all EU Member States, the UK and Norway, thus strengthening the cooperation between public, medical and veterinary organizations in Europe. Activities including 24 joint research projects, 6 joint integrative projects and 17 PhD projects, and a multicountry simulation exercise facilitated harmonization of laboratory methods and surveillance, and improved tools for risk assessment. The provision of sustainable solutions is integral to a One Health approach. To ensure the legacy of the work of the One Health European Joint Programme, focus was on strategic communication and dissemination of the outputs and engagement of stakeholders at the national, European and international levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Taylor
- University of Surrey, School of Veterinary Medicine, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Luca Busani
- Centre for Gender-specific Medicine - Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Arnaud Callegari
- French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, European and International Affairs Department, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jennifer Cantlay
- University of Surrey, School of Veterinary Medicine, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, UK
| | - Manuela Caniça
- National Reference Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistances and Healthcare Associated Infections, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elaine Campling
- University of Surrey, School of Veterinary Medicine, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Arjen van de Giessen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - David Itier
- French Ministry of Research and Higher Education, Paris, France
| | - Hein Imberechts
- Sciensano, The Belgian Institute for Health, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hendrik-Jan Roest
- Animal Supply Chain and Animal Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality, The Hague, The Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - André Jestin
- French Veterinary Academy, 34, rue Breguet, 75011 Paris, France
| | - Lucia de Juan
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Animal Health Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pikka Jokelainen
- Infectious Disease Preparedness, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annemarie Kaesbohrer
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department Biological Safety, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ann Lindberg
- National Veterinary Institute, SVA, 751 89 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Kåre Mølbak
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Wim H.M. van der Poel
- Wageningen BioVeterinary Research, Department of Virology, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA, Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Aurore C. Poirier
- University of Surrey, School of Veterinary Medicine, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, UK
| | - Ludovico P. Sepe
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Department Biological Safety, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefano Morabito
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition, and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Jack Whitehouse
- University of Surrey, School of Veterinary Medicine, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, UK
| | - Daniel L. Horton
- University of Surrey, School of Veterinary Medicine, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, UK
| | - Roberto La Ragione
- University of Surrey, School of Biosciences, Edward Jenner Building, Guildford, UK
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Pipoyan D, Hovhannisyan A, Beglaryan M, Mantovani A. Risk Assessment of AFM1 in Raw Milk and Dairy Products Produced in Armenia, a Caucasus Region Country: A Pilot Study. Foods 2024; 13:1518. [PMID: 38790817 PMCID: PMC11121432 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the first assessment of dietary exposure to aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and associated health risks through milk and dairy product consumption in Armenia. Data on AFM1 in raw milk were obtained from an annual residue monitoring program. Additionally, commonly consumed dairy products (pasteurized milk, cheese, sour cream, curd cheese) were sampled, considering the sources of raw milk used by dairy companies. Per capita consumption of raw milk was sourced from national food balance databases, while individual consumption data for dairy products was collected via a 24 h recall survey with 1400 adult respondents. Detectable levels of AFM1 were observed in 7.14% of raw milk samples (up to 0.334 μg/kg) and, albeit at lower amounts (up to 0.009 µg/kg), in 30% and 40% of sour cream and curd cheese, respectively. The AFM1 levels were lower than the national maximum permitted level (0.5 μg/kg); however, levels in raw milk exceeded the EU ML (0.05 μg/kg). The estimated margin of exposure values for dairy products indicated no significant risk, whereas a reasonable worst-case estimate, using the measurable levels of AFM1 in raw milk consumption indicated a potential public health concern. This study provides a scientific basis for evaluating aflatoxin issues in the Caucasus area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davit Pipoyan
- Center for Ecological-Noosphere Studies of NAS RA, Abovyan 68, Yerevan 0025, Armenia; (D.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Astghik Hovhannisyan
- Center for Ecological-Noosphere Studies of NAS RA, Abovyan 68, Yerevan 0025, Armenia; (D.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Meline Beglaryan
- Center for Ecological-Noosphere Studies of NAS RA, Abovyan 68, Yerevan 0025, Armenia; (D.P.); (A.H.)
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Italian National Food Safety Committee, Lungotevere Ripa 1, 00153 Rome, Italy;
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Humboldt-Dachroeden S. Translating One Health knowledge across different institutional and political contexts in Europe. ONE HEALTH OUTLOOK 2023; 5:1. [PMID: 36721252 PMCID: PMC9890731 DOI: 10.1186/s42522-022-00074-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implementing a One Health approach is complex. It demands engaging different sectors and actors in the promotion and protection of human, animal and environmental health. A key challenge for successfully implementing the One Health approach are knowledge translation processes among scientists and policy-makers. METHODS An online survey reached 104 experts from 23 European countries, working at national agencies or institutes, universities, ministries, non-governmental organisations (World Health Organization, World Organisation for Animal Health), and European Union (EU) agencies. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were conducted to describe experts' perceptions. RESULTS This study indicated a lack of networks among scientists and between scientists and policy-makers. Relations of scientists and policy-makers were perceived as challenging due to different interests and priorities, leading to difficulties in reaching political attention for One Health topics. It also highlighted a favoured attention to some One Health topics (e.g. antimicrobial resistance) as opposed to others (e.g. environmental issues). Important international actors to push One Health policies forward were the Quadripartite organisations and EU agencies. National actors (government agencies, national research institutes, universities) were on average perceived to be more important than international actors due to their roles and influences. Factors influencing the knowledge translation process were the different languages spoken by scientists as well as politicians, and an equivocal understanding of the One Health approach. CONCLUSION The study shows the importance of leadership to establish interdisciplinary networks and to problematise One Health issues with clear scope and targets. This will help to link knowledge to needs and capabilities of policy-makers. Establishing strong relationships among national and international actors can encourage networks and raise awareness of the One Health approach to policy-makers. Lastly, promoting research communication skills of scientists can provide a valuable tool to reach policy-makers to enhance attention to One Health topics.
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Mazzucato M, Marchetti G, Barbujani M, Mulatti P, Fornasiero D, Casarotto C, Scolamacchia F, Manca G, Ferrè N. An integrated system for the management of environmental data to support veterinary epidemiology. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1069979. [PMID: 37026100 PMCID: PMC10070964 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1069979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental and climatic fluctuations can greatly influence the dynamics of infectious diseases of veterinary concern, or interfere with the implementation of relevant control measures. Including environmental and climatic aspects in epidemiological studies could provide policy makers with new insights to assign resources for measures to prevent or limit the spread of animal diseases, particularly those with zoonotic potential. The ever-increasing number of technologies and tools permits acquiring environmental data from various sources, including ground-based sensors and Satellite Earth Observation (SEO). However, the high heterogeneity of these datasets often requires at least some basic GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and/or coding skills to use them in further analysis. Therefore, the high availability of data does not always correspond to widespread use for research purposes. The development of an integrated data pre-processing system makes it possible to obtain information that could be easily and directly used in subsequent epidemiological analyses, supporting both research activities and the management of disease outbreaks. Indeed, such an approach allows for the reduction of the time spent on searching, downloading, processing and validating environmental data, thereby optimizing available resources and reducing any possible errors directly related to data collection. Although multitudes of free services that allow obtaining SEO data exist nowadays (either raw or pre-processed through a specific coding language), the availability and quality of information can be sub-optimal when dealing with very small scale and local data. In fact, some information sets (e.g., air temperature, rainfall), usually derived from ground-based sensors (e.g., agro-meteo station), are managed, processed and redistributed by agencies operating on a local scale which are often not directly accessible by the most common free SEO services (e.g., Google Earth Engine). The EVE (Environmental data for Veterinary Epidemiology) system has been developed to acquire, pre-process and archive a set of environmental information at various scales, in order to facilitate and speed up access by epidemiologists, researchers and decision-makers, also accounting for the integration of SEO information with locally sensed data.
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Mazzeo A, Tremonte P, Lombardi SJ, Caturano C, Correra A, Sorrentino E. From the Intersection of Food-Borne Zoonoses and EU Green Policies to an In-Embryo One Health Financial Model. Foods 2022; 11:2736. [PMID: 36140862 PMCID: PMC9497950 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The European Union (EU) adopts the One Health (OH) approach, based on the relationships between human, animal, and environmental health. OH concerns a multitude of aspects, some of which are discussed here. OH overlaps the European Green Deal plan and its relaunched Farm to Fork Strategy, which aims at spreading organic farms adopting the circular economy, in order to improve human health through both better environmental conditions and healthier food. Nevertheless, zoonoses cause sanitary cost in terms of infected farm personnel, lower productivity, and lower fertility of infected farm animals. In such scenarios, the decreased breeding yield and the lower income induce higher cost of farm products, meaning that the market price rises, becoming uncompetitive when compared to the prices of industrial products. Consequently, lower revenues can hinder the farm growth expected in the framework of the EU Green Deal. Since zoonosis control is a key element in aligning EU policies aimed at achieving the EU Green Deal goal of "ZERO environmental impact" by 2050, the authors suggest the inclusion of the parameter economic health in the OH approach, in order to individuate EU Member States (MSs) economically unable to conduct eradication programmes and to finance them. Economic health is here considered as a starting point of the new ethical and science-based One Health Financial Model that the authors suggest as an in-embryo model, in which specific rules should regulate public funds, private investments, and trading, which should exclusively concern public services and private enterprises complying with most of the OH parameters. In this way, economic losses due to collateral negative effects deriving from human activities can be progressively decreased, and the entire planet will benefit from the process. Despite the considerable efforts being carried out in the context of the OH approach, war causes tragic and devastating effects on the physical and mental health of human beings, on their lives, on pandemic and zoonotic threats, on animals, on plants and, last but not least, on the environment. War is incompatible with OH. Enormous efforts for peace are therefore urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrizio Tremonte
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, Via De Sanctis snc, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
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Benedetti G, Jokelainen P, Ethelberg S. Search term “One Health” remains of limited use to identify relevant scientific publications: Denmark as a case study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:938460. [PMID: 35968488 PMCID: PMC9368311 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.938460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
One Health has become a popular approach, and scientific advancements in the field should be easily findable and accessible to a wide range of relevant audiences, from researchers to policymakers, and across sectors. We conducted a systematic narrative review of available scientific publications concerning One Health in the setting of Denmark that were retrievable using “One Health” as the key search term. Three searches in two databases yielded 30 retrieved publications, 13 of which were included in the review. The included publications had been published between 2015 and 2021. Twelve of the included publications were co-authored in collaboration across institutes from different sectors. Three of the included publications had focus on antimicrobial resistance, three on disease surveillance and/or control, and five were assessments or evaluations. The overall number of publications identified by a search using “One Health” as the key search term was small, and the search identified some publications that were not relevant to One Health. Our work thus highlights a missed scientific and communication opportunity of signposting articles as relevant to One Health. Using the expression “One Health” as keyword could help making One Health research more easily findable and thereby obtaining an overview of research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Benedetti
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Guido Benedetti
| | - Pikka Jokelainen
- Infectious Disease Preparedness, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steen Ethelberg
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Global Health Section, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mantovani A, Aquilina G, Cubadda F, Marcon F. Risk-Benefit Assessment of Feed Additives in the One Health Perspective. Front Nutr 2022; 9:843124. [PMID: 35223963 PMCID: PMC8866873 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.843124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Safety and sustainability of animal feeds is a pillar of the safety of the entire food chain. Feed additive assessment incorporates consumer safety as well as animal health and welfare, which, in turn, can affect productivity and hence food security. The safety of feed users and the environment are other important components of the assessment process which, therefore, builds on a One Health perspective. In several instances the assessment entails a balanced assessment of benefits and risks for humans, animals and/or the environment. Three case studies are selected to discuss issues for a consistent framework on Risk-Benefit Assessment (RBA) of feed additives, based on EFSA opinions and literature: (a) Supplementation of feeds with trace elements with recognized human toxicity (cobalt, iodine) - RBA question: can use levels, hence human exposure, be reduced without increasing the risk of deficiency in animals?; (b) Aflatoxin binders in dairy animals - RBA question: can the use reduce the risk for human health due to aflatoxin M1, without unexpected adverse effects for animals or humans?; (c) Use of formaldehyde as preservative in feedstuffs to prevent microbial contamination - RBA question: is the reduction of microbiological risks outweighed by risks for the consumers, farmed animals or the workers? The case studies indicate that the safety of use of feed additives can involve RBA considerations which fit into a One Health perspective. As in other RBA circumstances, the main issues are defining the question and finding "metrics" that allow a R/B comparison; in the case of feed additives, R and B may concern different species (farm animals and humans). A robust assessment of animal requirements, together with sustainability considerations, might be a significant driving force for a RBA leading to a safe and effective use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesco Cubadda
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità - National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
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Taruscio D, Mantovani A. Congenital anomalies: Can One Health reduce the community burden? Reprod Toxicol 2021; 104:166-167. [PMID: 34273509 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Taruscio
- National Centre for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy.
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Roma, Italy
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