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McCarthy C, Geraghty P. Respiratory Immune Responses during Infection and Pollution Inhalation. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020242. [PMID: 36837444 PMCID: PMC9959294 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of lung immune responses to pathogens and environmental factors [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Cormac McCarthy
- University College Dublin School of Medicine, Education and Research Centre, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, D04 T6F4 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (P.G.); Tel.: +353-1-221-3323 (C.M.); +1-718-270-3141 (P.G.)
| | - Patrick Geraghty
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (P.G.); Tel.: +353-1-221-3323 (C.M.); +1-718-270-3141 (P.G.)
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Fee LT, Gogoi D, O’Brien ME, McHugh E, Casey M, Gough C, Murphy M, Hopkins AM, Carroll TP, McElvaney NG, Reeves EP. C3d Elicits Neutrophil Degranulation and Decreases Endothelial Cell Migration, with Implications for Patients with Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9121925. [PMID: 34944741 PMCID: PMC8698851 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency (AATD) is characterized by increased risk for emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), vasculitis, and wound-healing impairment. Neutrophils play a central role in the pathogenesis of AATD. Dysregulated complement activation in AATD results in increased plasma levels of C3d. The current study investigated the impact of C3d on circulating neutrophils. Blood was collected from AATD (n = 88) or non-AATD COPD patients (n = 10) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 40). Neutrophils were challenged with C3d, and degranulation was assessed by Western blotting, ELISA, or fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) substrate assays. Ex vivo, C3d levels were increased in plasma (p < 0.0001) and on neutrophil plasma membranes (p = 0.038) in AATD compared to HC. C3d binding to CR3 receptors triggered primary (p = 0.01), secondary (p = 0.004), and tertiary (p = 0.018) granule release and increased CXCL8 secretion (p = 0.02). Ex vivo plasma levels of bactericidal-permeability-increasing-protein (p = 0.02), myeloperoxidase (p < 0.0001), and lactoferrin (p < 0.0001) were significantly increased in AATD patients. In endothelial cell scratch wound assays, C3d significantly decreased cell migration (p < 0.0001), an effect potentiated by neutrophil degranulated proteins (p < 0.0001). In summary, AATD patients had increased C3d in plasma and on neutrophil membranes and, together with neutrophil-released granule enzymes, reduced endothelial cell migration and wound healing, with potential implications for AATD-related vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura T. Fee
- Alpha-1 Foundation Ireland, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (L.T.F.); (T.P.C.)
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (D.G.); (M.E.O.); (E.M.); (M.C.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (N.G.M.)
| | - Debananda Gogoi
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (D.G.); (M.E.O.); (E.M.); (M.C.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (N.G.M.)
| | - Michael E. O’Brien
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (D.G.); (M.E.O.); (E.M.); (M.C.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (N.G.M.)
| | - Emer McHugh
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (D.G.); (M.E.O.); (E.M.); (M.C.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (N.G.M.)
| | - Michelle Casey
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (D.G.); (M.E.O.); (E.M.); (M.C.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (N.G.M.)
| | - Ciara Gough
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (D.G.); (M.E.O.); (E.M.); (M.C.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (N.G.M.)
| | - Mark Murphy
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (D.G.); (M.E.O.); (E.M.); (M.C.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (N.G.M.)
| | - Ann M. Hopkins
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Tomás P. Carroll
- Alpha-1 Foundation Ireland, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (L.T.F.); (T.P.C.)
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (D.G.); (M.E.O.); (E.M.); (M.C.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (N.G.M.)
| | - Noel G. McElvaney
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (D.G.); (M.E.O.); (E.M.); (M.C.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (N.G.M.)
| | - Emer P. Reeves
- Irish Centre for Genetic Lung Disease, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Beaumont Hospital, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; (D.G.); (M.E.O.); (E.M.); (M.C.); (C.G.); (M.M.); (N.G.M.)
- Correspondence:
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