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Xu Z, Zhu X, Mu S, Fan R, Wang B, Gao W, Kang T. FTO overexpression expedites wound healing and alleviates depression in burn rats through facilitating keratinocyte migration and angiogenesis via mediating TFPI-2 demethylation. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:325-335. [PMID: 37074506 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Burn injury is a serious traumatic injury that leads to severe physical and psychosocial impairment. Wound healing after burn injury is a substantial challenge in medical community. This study investigated the biological effects of the demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) on burn injury. FTO protein level in burn skin tissues of patients was measured with Western blot assay. Keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) were given heat stimulation to induce an in vitro burn injury model, and then transfected with overexpression plasmids of FTO (pcDNA-FTO) or small interfering RNA against FTO (si-FTO). Cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in keratinocytes were evaluated with CCK-8, Transwell, and tube formation assays, respectively. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) m6A methylation level was detected with MeRIP‑qPCR assay. Then rescue experiments were conducted to explore the effects of FTO/TFPI-2 axis on keratinocyte functions. Lentivirus carrying FTO overexpression plasmids was injected into a burn rat model to detect its effects on wound healing and depressive-like behaviors in burn rats. FTO was downregulated in burn skin and heat-stimulated keratinocytes. FTO prominently augmented proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in heat-stimulated keratinocytes, while FTO knockdown showed the opposite results. FTO inhibited TFPI-2 expression by FTO-mediated m6A methylation modification. TFPI-2 overexpression abrogated FTO mediated enhancement of proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in keratinocytes. Additionally, FTO overexpression accelerated wound healing and improved depressive-like behaviors in burn rat model. FTO prominently augmented proliferation, migration and angiogenesis in heat-stimulated keratinocytes though inhibiting TFPI-2, and then improved wound healing and depressive-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Xu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Xiumei Zhu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Shengzhi Mu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Ronghui Fan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Benfeng Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Wenjie Gao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Tao Kang
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China.
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Liu L, Lu L, Qiu M, Han N, Dai S, Shi S, He S, Zhang J, Yan Q, Chen S. Comprehensive modular analyses of scar subtypes illuminate underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14384. [PMID: 37697692 PMCID: PMC10784627 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological scarring resulting from traumas and wounds, such as hypertrophic scars and keloids, pose significant aesthetic, functional and psychological challenges. This study provides a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of these conditions, aiming to illuminate underlying molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. We employed a co-expression and module analysis tool to identify significant gene clusters associated with distinct pathophysiological processes and mechanisms, notably lipid metabolism, sebum production, cellular energy metabolism and skin barrier function. This examination yielded critical insights into several skin conditions including folliculitis, skin fibrosis, fibrosarcoma and congenital ichthyosis. Particular attention was paid to Module Cluster (MCluster) 3, encompassing genes like BLK, TRPV1 and GABRD, all displaying high expression and potential implications in immune modulation. Preliminary immunohistochemistry validation supported these findings, showing elevated expression of these genes in non-fibrotic samples rich in immune activity. The complex interplay of different cell types in scar formation, such as fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, keratinocytes and mast cells, was also explored, revealing promising therapeutic strategies. This study underscores the promise of targeted gene therapy for pathological scars, paving the way for more personalised therapeutic approaches. The results necessitate further research to fully ascertain the roles of these identified genes and pathways in skin disease pathogenesis and potential therapeutics. Nonetheless, our work forms a strong foundation for a new era of personalised medicine for patients suffering from pathological scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- ZJU‐Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Lantian Lu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BiosciencesThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaAustralia
| | - Min Qiu
- Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., LtdHangzhouChina
| | - Ning Han
- Hangzhou AI‐Nano Therapeutics Co., Ltd.HangzhouChina
| | - Shijie Dai
- School of Life SciencesZhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Shuiping Shi
- Hangzhou Neoantigen Therapeutics Co., LtdHangzhouChina
| | - Shanshan He
- College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qingfeng Yan
- College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Shuqing Chen
- ZJU‐Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
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Wu LJ, Lin W, Liu JJ, Chen WX, He WJ, Shi Y, Liu X, Li K. Transplantation of human induced pluripotent stem cell derived keratinocytes accelerates deep second-degree burn wound healing. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:713-733. [PMID: 37545758 PMCID: PMC10401420 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i7.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence shows that human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can effectively differentiate into keratinocytes (KCs), but its effect on skin burn healing has not been reported.
AIM To observe the effects of hiPSCs-derived KCs transplantation on skin burn healing in mice and to preliminarily reveal the underlying mechanisms.
METHODS An analysis of differentially expressed genes in burn wounds based on GEO datasets GSE140926, and GSE27186 was established. A differentiation medium containing retinoic acid and bone morphogenetic protein 4 was applied to induce hiPSCs to differentiate into KCs. The expression of KCs marker proteins was detected using immunofluorescence staining. A model of a C57BL/6 mouse with deep cutaneous second-degree burn was created, and then phosphate buffered saline (PBS), hiPSCs-KCs, or hiPSCs-KCs with knockdown of COL7A1 were injected around the wound surface. The wound healing, re-epithelialization, engraftment of hiPSCs-KCs into wounds, proinflammatory factor level, and the NF-κB pathway proteins were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, carboxifluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) fluorescence staining, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting on days 3, 7, and 14 after the injection, respectively. Moreover, the effects of COL7A1 knockdown on the proliferation and migration of hiPSCs-KCs were confirmed by immunohistochemistry, EdU, Transwell, and damage repair assays.
RESULTS HiPSCs-KCs could express the hallmark proteins of KCs. COL7A1 was down-regulated in burn wound tissues and highly expressed in hiPSCs-KCs. Transplantation of hiPSCs-KCs into mice with burn wounds resulted in a significant decrease in wound area, an increase in wound re-epithelialization, a decrease in proinflammatory factors content, and an inhibition of NF-κB pathway activation compared to the PBS group. The in vitro assay showed that COL7A1 knockdown could rescue the inhibition of hiPSCs-KCs proliferation and migration, providing further evidence that COL7A1 speeds up burn wound healing by limiting cell proliferation and migration.
CONCLUSION In deep, second-degree burn wounds, COL7A1 can promote KC proliferation and migration while also suppressing the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Wu
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian-Jiang Liu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei-Xin Chen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wen-Jun He
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
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Ripszky Totan A, Greabu M, Stanescu-Spinu II, Imre M, Spinu TC, Miricescu D, Ilinca R, Coculescu EC, Badoiu SC, Coculescu BI, Albu C. The Yin and Yang dualistic features of autophagy in thermal burn wound healing. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:3946320221125090. [PMID: 36121435 PMCID: PMC9490459 DOI: 10.1177/03946320221125090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Burn healing should be regarded as a dynamic process consisting of two main, interrelated phases: (a) the inflammatory phase when neutrophils and monocytes infiltrate the injury site, through localized vasodilation and fluid extravasation, and (b) the proliferative-remodeling phase, which represents a key event in wound healing. In the skin, both canonical autophagy (induced by starvation, oxidative stress, and environmental aggressions) and non-canonical or selective autophagy have evolved to play a discrete, but, essential, “housekeeping” role, for homeostasis, immune tolerance, and survival. Experimental data supporting the pro-survival roles of autophagy, highlighting its Yang, luminous and positive feature of this complex but insufficient explored molecular pathway, have been reported. Autophagic cell death describes an “excessive” degradation of important cellular components that are necessary for normal cell function. This deadly molecular mechanism brings to light the darker, concealed, Yin feature of autophagy. Autophagy seems to perform dual, conflicting roles in the angiogenesis context, revealing once again, its Yin–Yang features. Autophagy with its Yin–Yang features remains the shadow player, able to decide quietly whether the cell survives or dies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ripszky Totan
- Department of Biochemistry, 367124Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Romania
| | - Maria Greabu
- Department of Biochemistry, 367124Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Romania
| | - Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu
- Department of Biochemistry, 367124Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Romania
| | - Marina Imre
- Department of Complete Denture, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Romania
| | - Tudor-Claudiu Spinu
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics and Occlusology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Romania
| | - Daniela Miricescu
- Department of Biochemistry, 367124Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Romania
| | - Radu Ilinca
- Department of Biophysics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Romania
| | - Elena Claudia Coculescu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Romania
| | - Silviu Constantin Badoiu
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan-Ioan Coculescu
- Cantacuzino National Medico-Military Institute for Research and Development, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Crenguta Albu
- Department of Genetics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
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Effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm Laser Irradiation on the Dermal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111605. [PMID: 34769035 PMCID: PMC8584201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The invention of non-ionizing emission devices revolutionized science, medicine, industry, and the military. Currently, different laser systems are commonly used, generating the potential threat of excessive radiation exposure, which can lead to adverse health effects. Skin is the organ most exposed to laser irradiation; therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm non-ionizing irradiation on keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Methods: Keratinocytes and fibroblasts were exposed to a different fluency of 445 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm laser irradiation. In addition, viability, type of cell death, cell cycle distribution, and proliferation rates were investigated. Results: The 445 nm irradiation was cytotoxic to BJ-5ta (≥58.7 J/cm2) but not to Ker-CT cells. Exposure influenced the cell cycle distribution of Ker-CT (≥61.2 J/cm2) and BJ-5ta (≥27.6 J/cm2) cells, as well as the Bj-5ta proliferation rate (≥50.5 J/cm2). The 520 nm irradiation was cytotoxic to BJ-5ta (≥468.4 J/cm2) and Ker-CT (≥385.7 J/cm2) cells. Cell cycle distribution (≥27.6 J/cm2) of Ker-CT cells was also affected. The 638 nm irradiation was cytotoxic to BJ-5ta and Ker-CT cells (≥151.5 J/cm2). The proliferation rate and cell cycle distribution of BJ-5ta (≥192.9 J/cm2) and Ker-CT (13.8 and 41.3 J/cm2) cells were also affected. Conclusions: At high fluences, 455 nm, 520 nm, and 638 nm irradiation, representing blue, green, and red light spectra, are hazardous to keratinocytes and fibroblasts. However, laser irradiation may benefit the cells at low fluences by modulating the cell cycle and proliferation rate.
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