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Can the NF membrane directly obtained by the interfacial polymerization of MPD and TMC? J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Battestini Vives M, Thuvander J, Arkell A, Lipnizki F. Low-Molecular-Weight Lignin Recovery with Nanofiltration in the Kraft Pulping Process. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12030310. [PMID: 35323785 PMCID: PMC8953995 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12030310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Kraft lignin is an underutilized resource from the pulp and paper industry with the potential of being a key raw material for renewable fuels and chemicals. The separation of high-molecular-weight lignin from black liquor by ultrafiltration has been widely investigated, while the permeate containing low-molecular-weight lignin has received little attention. Nanofiltration can concentrate the low-molecular-weight lignin. This work, therefore, evaluates nanofiltration for the separation and concentration of low-molecular-weight lignin from the ultrafiltration permeate. For this study, eight flat polymeric sheet membranes and one polymeric hollow fiber membrane, with molecular weight cut-offs ranging from 100 to 2000 Da, were tested. A parametric study was conducted at 50 °C, 2.5–35 bar, and crossflow velocity of 0.3–0.5 m/s. At a transmembrane pressure of 35 bar, the best performing membranes were NF090801, with 90% lignin retention and 37 L/m2·h, and SelRO MPF-36, with 84% lignin retention and 72 L/m2·h. The other membranes showed either very high lignin retention with a very low flux or a high flux with retention lower than 80%. Concentration studies were performed with the two selected membranes at conditions (A) 50 °C and 35 bar and (B) 70 °C and 15 bar. The NF090801 membrane had the highest flux and lignin retention during the concentration studies. Overall, it was shown that the nanofiltration process is able to produce a concentrated lignin fraction, which can be either used to produce valuable chemicals or used to make lignin oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Battestini Vives
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (J.T.); (F.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Johan Thuvander
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (J.T.); (F.L.)
| | - Anders Arkell
- RISE Innventia AB, Scheelevägen 27, 223 63 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Frank Lipnizki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden; (J.T.); (F.L.)
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Recent developments in the preparation of improved nanofiltration membranes for extreme pH conditions. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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