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Rodrigues FSC, Brilhante D, Macêdo A, Pires RF, Faria M. Ibuprofen-Immobilized Thin Films: A Novel Approach to Improve the Clearance of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:6589-6604. [PMID: 38282580 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), a pressing global health issue, affects millions and leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Hemodialysis (HD) is a crucial treatment for ESRD, yet its limited efficiency in removing protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) results in high morbidity and mortality rates. A high affinity of pharmaceutical drugs for human serum albumin (HSA) can be leveraged to compete effectively with PBUTs for the same HSA binding sites, thereby enabling them to be capable of displacing these toxins. One such drug is ibuprofen (IBF), known for its very high affinity for HSA and sharing the same binding site as indoxyl sulfate (IS). This study explores the development of IBF-immobilized cellulose acetate-based (CA-based) thin films. The films were created by reacting CA with IBF-modified silica precursors at varying concentrations. The presence of IBF in CA/TEOS/APTES-IBF-3 and CA/TEOS-IBF-25 films, containing 3 and 25 wt % IBF, respectively, was confirmed through 1H NMR spectra. Competitive displacement binding assays indicated that while the incorporation of 3 wt % IBF showed no significant enhancement in IS displacement, the 25 wt % IBF film increased the dialyzed IS by 1.3 when normalized to non-IBF films. Furthermore, there was a 1.2-fold decrease in the total percentage of IS, and the free percentage of IS increased 1.3 to 3.0 times. Although direct systemic infusion of IBF in HD patients achieves a 2.4 times higher removal of IS, it is impractical due to the risks it poses to ESRD patients. The IBF-immobilized films offer the advantage of localized binding, thus eliminating the need for systemic exposure. This innovative approach lays a foundation for developing more efficient HD membranes, aiming to address the challenging issue of PBUT elimination and potentially enhance the quality of life and treatment outcomes for ESRD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia S C Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies (LaPMET), Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dialina Brilhante
- Serviço de Imunohemoterapia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPO Lisboa), R. Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Macêdo
- Serviço de Imunohemoterapia, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPO Lisboa), R. Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rita F Pires
- Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies (LaPMET), Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mónica Faria
- Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies (LaPMET), Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
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Casado-Coterillo C, Santos DMF, Tomé LC, Velizarov S, Coelhoso I, Calvo JI. State of the Art Membrane Science and Technology in the Iberian Peninsula 2021-2022. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:732. [PMID: 37623793 PMCID: PMC10456632 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
This Special Issue of the journal Membranes arises from the need to highlight the developments in the field of membrane research and membrane processes that have been emerging in recent years by researchers and research groups based in the Iberian Peninsula [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Casado-Coterillo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Cantabria, Av. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Diogo M. F. Santos
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Laboratory for Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies, Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Liliana C. Tomé
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Svetlozar Velizarov
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Isabel Coelhoso
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - José Ignacio Calvo
- Department of Applied Physics, Institute for Sustainable Processes, Universidad de Valladolid, 34071 Palencia, Spain
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Wang K, Seol H, Cheng A, McKeague N, Carlson M, Degraff W, Huang S, Kim S. Simple Bioparticle Filtration Device Based on an Ultralow-Fouling Zwitterionic Polyurethane Membrane for Rapid Large-Volume Separation of Plasma and Viruses from Whole Blood. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050524. [PMID: 37233584 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plasma separation from whole blood is oftent required as an essential first step when performing blood tests with a viral assay. However, developing a point-of-care plasma extraction device with a large output and high virus recovery remains a significant obstacle to the success of on-site viral load tests. Here, we report a portable, easy-to-use, cost-efficient, membrane-filtration-based plasma separation device that enables rapid large-volume plasma extraction from whole blood, designed for point-of-care virus assays. The plasma separation is realized by a low-fouling zwitterionic polyurethane-modified cellulose acetate (PCBU-CA) membrane. The zwitterionic coating on the cellulose acetate membrane can decrease surface protein adsorption by 60% and increase plasma permeation by 46% compared with a pristine membrane. The PCBU-CA membrane, with its ultralow-fouling properties, enables rapid plasma separation. The device can yield a total of 1.33 mL plasma from 10 mL whole blood in 10 min. The extracted plasma is cell-free and exhibits a low hemoglobin level. In addition, our device demonstrated a 57.8% T7 phage recovery in the separated plasma. The results of real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed that the nucleic acid amplification curve of the plasma extracted by our device is comparable to that obtained by centrifugation. With its high plasma yield and good phage recovery, our plasma separation device provides an excellent replacement for traditional plasma separation protocols for point-of-care virus assays and a broad spectrum of clinical tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Hyang Seol
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Alex Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- New Trier High School, New Trier, IL 60093, USA
| | - Nash McKeague
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- University of Chicago Laboratory Schools, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Megan Carlson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Wade Degraff
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Sijia Huang
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
| | - Sangil Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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Zare F, Gonçalves SB, Faria M, Gonçalves MC. Improving Structural Homogeneity, Hydraulic Permeability, and Mechanical Performance of Asymmetric Monophasic Cellulose Acetate/Silica Membranes: Spinodal Decomposition Mix. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:346. [PMID: 36984734 PMCID: PMC10059883 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose an optimized protocol to synthesize reproducible, accurate, sustainable integrally skinned monophasic hybrid cellulose acetate/silica membranes for ultrafiltration. Eight different membrane compositions were studied, divided into two series, one and two, each composed of four membranes. The amount of silica increased from 0 wt.% up to 30 wt.% (with increments of 10 wt.%) in each series, while the solvent composition was kept constant within each series (formamide/acetone ratio equals 0.57 wt.% in series one and 0.73 wt.% in series two). The morphology of the membranes was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and the chemical composition by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, in attenuated total reflection mode (FTIR-ATR). Mechanical tensile properties were determined using tensile tests, and a retest trial was performed to assess mechanical properties variability over different membrane batches. The hydraulic permeability of the membranes was evaluated by measuring pure water fluxes following membrane compaction. The membranes in series two produced with a higher formamide/acetone solvent ratio led to thicker membranes with higher hydraulic permeability values (47.2-26.39 kg·h-1·m-2·bar-1) than for the membranes in series one (40.01-19.4 kg·h-1·m-2·bar-1). Results obtained from the FTIR-ATR spectra suggest the presence of micro/nano-silica clusters in the hybrid membranes of series one, also exhibiting higher Young's modulus values than the hybrid membranes in series two.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Zare
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sérgio B. Gonçalves
- IDMEC, Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mónica Faria
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Laboratory for Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies (LaPMET), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Clara Gonçalves
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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Lopes M, Pires RF, Faria M, Bonifácio VDB. A Novel Strategy for Enhanced Sequestration of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins Using Smart Hybrid Membranes. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14030138. [PMID: 36976062 PMCID: PMC10059720 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14030138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently available hemodialysis (HD) membranes are unable to safely remove protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs), especially those bonded to human serum albumin (HSA). To overcome this issue, the prior administration of high doses of HSA competitive binders, such as ibuprofen (IBF), has been proposed as a complementary clinical protocol to increase HD efficiency. In this work, we designed and prepared novel hybrid membranes conjugated with IBF, thus avoiding its administration to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Two novel silicon precursors containing IBF were synthesized and, by the combination of a sol-gel reaction and the phase inversion technique, four monophasic hybrid integral asymmetric cellulose acetate/silica/IBF membranes in which silicon precursors are covalently bonded to the cellulose acetate polymer were produced. To prove IBF incorporation, methyl red dye was used as a model, thus allowing simple visual color control of the membrane fabrication and stability. These smart membranes may display a competitive behavior towards HSA, allowing the local displacement of PBUTs in future hemodialyzers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena Lopes
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials CeFEMA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita F. Pires
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials CeFEMA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mónica Faria
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials CeFEMA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (V.D.B.B.)
| | - Vasco D. B. Bonifácio
- Institute of Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB) and Institute for Health and Bioeconomy (i4HB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Bioengineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (V.D.B.B.)
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Adsorption- and Displacement-Based Approaches for the Removal of Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15020110. [PMID: 36828424 PMCID: PMC9963700 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15020110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients rely on renal replacement therapies to survive. Hemodialysis (HD), the most widely applied treatment, is responsible for the removal of excess fluid and uremic toxins (UTs) from blood, particularly those with low molecular weight (MW < 500 Da). The development of high-flux membranes and more efficient treatment modes, such as hemodiafiltration, have resulted in improved removal rates of UTs in the middle molecular weight range. However, the concentrations of protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) remain essentially untouched. Due to the high binding affinity to large proteins, such as albumin, PBUTs form large complexes (MW > 66 kDa) which are not removed during HD and their accumulation has been strongly associated with the increased morbidity and mortality of patients with ESRD. In this review, we describe adsorption- and displacement-based approaches currently being studied to enhance the removal of PBUTs. The development of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) with selective adsorption properties, infusion of compounds capable of displacing UTs from their binding site on albumin, and competitive binding membranes show promising results, but the road to clinical application is still long, and further investigation is required.
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Attari N, Hausler R. Reinforcing Effects of Fibrous and Crystalline Nanocelluloses on Cellulose Acetate Membranes. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2023.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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8
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Yushkin A, Basko A, Balynin A, Efimov M, Lebedeva T, Ilyasova A, Pochivalov K, Volkov A. Effect of Acetone as Co-Solvent on Fabrication of Polyacrylonitrile Ultrafiltration Membranes by Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4603. [PMID: 36365596 PMCID: PMC9657875 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
For the first time, the presence of acetone in the casting solutions of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in dimethylsulfoxide or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was studied with regards to thermodynamical aspects of phase separation of polymeric solutions induced by contact with non-solvent (water), formation and performance of porous membranes of ultrafiltration range. The positions of the liquid equilibrium binodals on the phase diagrams of these three-component and pseudo-three-component mixtures were determined. For PAN-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone-water glass transition curve on a ternary phase diagram was plotted experimentally for the first time. The real-time evolution of the structure of mixtures of PAN with solvents (co-solvents) upon contact with a non-solvent (water) has been studied. The thermodynamic analysis of the phase diagrams of these mixtures, together with optical data, made it possible to propose a mechanism of structure formation during non-solvent induced phase separation of different mixtures. The addition of acetone promotes the formation of a spongy layer on the membrane surface, which decreases the probability of defect formation on the membrane surface and keeps finger-like macrovoids from the underlying layers of the membrane. It was shown that the molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of the membranes can be improved from 58 down to 1.8 kg/mol by changing the acetone content, while polymer concentration remained the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Yushkin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Basko
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 ul. Akademicheskaja, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Alexey Balynin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Efimov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana Lebedeva
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 ul. Akademicheskaja, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Anna Ilyasova
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 ul. Akademicheskaja, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Konstantin Pochivalov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 ul. Akademicheskaja, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Alexey Volkov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Yushkin A, Balynin A, Efimov M, Pochivalov K, Petrova I, Volkov A. Fabrication of Polyacrylonitrile UF Membranes by VIPS Method with Acetone as Co-Solvent. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12050523. [PMID: 35629849 PMCID: PMC9146048 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, a systematic study was carried out of the replacement of the low-volatility solvents N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) with the high-volatility solvent acetone in the casting solution of polyacrylonitrile (PAN). The effect of acetone’s presence in the casting solution on the performance of ultrafiltration membranes fabricated via vapor-induced phase separation (VIPS) was investigated. It was possible to replace 40% of NMP and 50% of DMSO with acetone, which resulted in the reduction of the casting solution viscosity from 70.6 down to 41.3 Pa∙s (20% PAN, NMP), and from 68.3 down to 20.6 Pa∙s (20% PAN, DMSO). It was found that 20 min of exposure to water vapor (relative humidity—85%) was sufficient to govern the phase separation, which was mainly induced by the water vapor. Regardless of the casting solution composition (15 or 20% PAN; DMSO or NMP), all membranes formed via VIPS possessed a sponge-like porous structure. The addition of acetone to the casting solution allowed the reduction of the transport pore size from 35–48 down to 8.5–25.6, depending on the casting solution composition. By varying the acetone content at constant polymer concentration, it was possible to decrease the molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) from 69 to 10 kg/mol. Membranes prepared from 20% PAN solution in an acetone/DMSO mixture had the lowest MWCO of 10 kg/mol with a water permeance of 5.1 L/(m2·h·bar).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Yushkin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.B.); (M.E.); (K.P.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-(495)-647-59-27 (ext. 2-02)
| | - Alexey Balynin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.B.); (M.E.); (K.P.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Mikhail Efimov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.B.); (M.E.); (K.P.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Konstantin Pochivalov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.B.); (M.E.); (K.P.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 ul. Akademicheskaja, 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Inna Petrova
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.B.); (M.E.); (K.P.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
| | - Alexey Volkov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky Prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.B.); (M.E.); (K.P.); (I.P.); (A.V.)
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Zare F, Janeca A, Jokar SM, Faria M, Gonçalves MC. Interaction of Human Serum Albumin with Uremic Toxins: The Need of New Strategies Aiming at Uremic Toxins Removal. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12030261. [PMID: 35323736 PMCID: PMC8953794 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12030261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is acknowledged worldwide to be a grave threat to public health, with the number of US end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients increasing steeply from 10,000 in 1973 to 703,243 in 2015. Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are excreted by renal tubular secretion in healthy humans, but hardly removed by traditional haemodialysis (HD) in ESKD patients. The accumulation of these toxins is a major contributor to these sufferers’ morbidity and mortality. As a result, some improvements to dialytic removal have been proposed, each with their own upsides and drawbacks. Longer dialysis sessions and hemodiafiltration, though, have not performed especially well, while larger dialyzers, coupled with a higher dialysate flow, proved to have some efficiency in indoxyl sulfate (IS) clearance, but with reduced impact on patients’ quality of life. More efficient in removing PBUTs was fractionated plasma separation and adsorption, but the risk of occlusive thrombosis was worryingly high. A promising technique for the removal of PBUTs is binding competition, which holds great hopes for future HD. This short review starts by presenting the PBUTs chemistry with emphasis on the chemical interactions with the transport protein, human serum albumin (HSA). Recent membrane-based strategies targeting PBUTs removal are also presented, and their efficiency is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Zare
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Adriana Janeca
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Laboratory for Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies (LaPMET), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.J.); (M.F.)
| | - Seyyed M. Jokar
- Department of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71557-13876, Iran;
| | - Mónica Faria
- Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials (CeFEMA), Laboratory for Physics of Materials and Emerging Technologies (LaPMET), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal; (A.J.); (M.F.)
| | - Maria Clara Gonçalves
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Chen YA, Ou SM, Lin CC. Influence of Dialysis Membranes on Clinical Outcomes: From History to Innovation. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020152. [PMID: 35207074 PMCID: PMC8876340 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dialysis membranes were traditionally classified according to their material compositions (i.e., as cellulosic or synthetic) and on the basis of the new concept of the sieving coefficient (determined by the molecular weight retention onset and molecular weight cut-off). The advantages of synthetic polymer membranes over cellulose membranes are also described on the basis of their physical, chemical, and structural properties. Innovations of dialysis membrane in recent years include the development of medium cutoff membranes; graphene oxide membranes; mixed-matrix membranes; bioartificial kidneys; and membranes modified with vitamin E, lipoic acid, and neutrophil elastase inhibitors. The current state of research on these membranes, their effects on clinical outcomes, the advantages and disadvantages of their use, and their potential for clinical use are outlined and described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee-An Chen
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Shuo-Ming Ou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-M.O.); (C.-C.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2875-3103 (C.-C.L.); +886-2-2871-2121 (S.-M.O.); Fax: +886-2-2875-7858 (C.-C.L.)
| | - Chih-Ching Lin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-M.O.); (C.-C.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2875-3103 (C.-C.L.); +886-2-2871-2121 (S.-M.O.); Fax: +886-2-2875-7858 (C.-C.L.)
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