Development of Cd (II) Ion Probe Based on Novel Polyaniline-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube-3-aminopropyltriethoxylsilane Composite

Simultaneous Sensing of Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) Using Gold Nanoparticle-Modified APTES-Functionalized Indium Tin Oxide Electrode: Effect of APTES Concentration

In this work, indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes were functionalized with varying 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) concentration percentages (0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 2.0 wt %) to obtain the optimum conditions for the assembly of the as-synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The AuNP coverage, wettability, and electrochemical performance of the modified electrodes were evaluated. The AuNP/0.75% APTES-ITO-modified electrode exhibited uniform coverage of AuNPs and high electrochemical performance for the simultaneous detection of Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) ions. Under the optimum conditions, the AuNP/0.75% APTES-ITO-modified electrode showed a linear detection range of 5-120 ppb and limit of detection of 0.73, 0.90, and 0.49 ppb for the simultaneous detection of Cd(II), Pb(II), and Cu(II) ions, respectively, via square wave anodic stripping voltammetry. The modified electrode demonstrated good anti-interference toward other heavy metal ions, good reproducibility, and suitability for application in environmental sample analysis.

Polymeric Nanocomposites for Environmental and Industrial Applications

Polymeric nanocomposites (PNC) have an outstanding potential for various applications as the integrated structure of the PNCs exhibits properties that none of its component materials individually possess. Moreover, it is possible to fabricate PNCs into desired shapes and sizes, which would enable controlling their properties, such as their surface area, magnetic behavior, optical properties, and catalytic activity. The low cost and light weight of PNCs have further contributed to their potential in various environmental and industrial applications. Stimuli-responsive nanocomposites are a subgroup of PNCs having a minimum of one promising chemical and physical property that may be controlled by or follow a stimulus response. Such outstanding properties and behaviors have extended the scope of application of these nanocomposites. The present review discusses the various methods of preparation available for PNCs, including in situ synthesis, solution mixing, melt blending, and electrospinning. In addition, various environmental and industrial applications of PNCs, including those in the fields of water treatment, electromagnetic shielding in aerospace applications, sensor devices, and food packaging, are outlined.