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Abu-Zeid MAR, Bassyouni M, Fouad Y, Monica T, Sandid AM, Elhenawy Y. Experimental and Simulation Study of Solar-Powered Air-Gap Membrane Distillation Technology for Water Desalination. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:821. [PMID: 37887993 PMCID: PMC10608935 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate temperature polarization (TP) and concentration polarization (CP), which affect solar-powered air-gap membrane distillation (SP-AGMD) system performance under various operating conditions. A mathematical model for the SP-AGMD system using the experimental results was performed to calculate the temperature polarization coefficient (τ), interface temperature (Tfm), and interface concentration (Cfm) at various salt concentrations (Cf), feed temperatures (Tf), and flow rates (Mf). The system of SP-AGMD was simulated using the TRNSYS program. An evacuated tube collector (ETC) with a 2.5 m2 surface area was utilized for solar water heating. Electrical powering of cooler and circulation water pumps in the SP-AGMD system was provided using a photovoltaic system. Data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Spearman's correlation analysis to test the significant impact of operating conditions and polarization phenomena at p < 0.05. Statistical analysis showed that Mf induced a highly significant difference in the productivity (Pr) and heat-transfer (hf) coefficients (p < 0.001) and a significant difference in τ (p < 0.05). Great F-ratios showed that Mf is the most influential parameter. Pr was enhanced by 99% and 146%, with increasing Tf (60 °C) and Mf (12 L/h), respectively, at a stable salt concentration (Cf) of 0.5% and a cooling temperature (Tc) of 20 °C. Also, the temperature increased to 85 °C when solar radiation reached 1002 W/m2 during summer. The inlet heat temperature of AGMD increased to 73 °C, and the Pr reached 1.62 kg/(m2·h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa AbdEl-Rady Abu-Zeid
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed Bassyouni
- Center of Excellence in Membrane-Based Water Desalination Technology for Testing and Characterization (CEMTC), Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, East Port Said University of Technology, North Sinai 45632, Egypt
| | - Yasser Fouad
- Department of Applied Mechanical Engineering, College of Applied Engineering, Muzahimiyah Branch, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Toderaș Monica
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Oradea, St. No.1., 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Abdelfatah Marni Sandid
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Ain-Temouchent, Ain-Temouchent 46000, Algeria;
| | - Yasser Elhenawy
- Center of Excellence in Membrane-Based Water Desalination Technology for Testing and Characterization (CEMTC), Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
- School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
- Department of Mechanical Power Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
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Khan A, Ibrar I, Mirdad A, Al-Juboori RA, Deka P, Subbiah S, Altaee A. Novel Approach to Landfill Wastewater Treatment Fouling Mitigation: Air Gap Membrane Distillation with Tin Sulfide-Coated PTFE Membrane. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050483. [PMID: 37233544 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study addressed the fouling issue in membrane distillation (M.D.) technology, a promising method for water purification and wastewater reclamation. To enhance the anti-fouling properties of the M.D. membrane, a tin sulfide (TS) coating onto polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was proposed and evaluated with air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) using landfill leachate wastewater at high recovery rates (80% and 90%). The presence of TS on the membrane surface was confirmed using various techniques, such as Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), contact angle measurement, and porosity analysis. The results indicated the TS-PTFE membrane exhibited better anti-fouling properties than the pristine PTFE membrane, and its fouling factors (FFs) were 10.4-13.1% compared to 14.4-16.5% for the PTFE membrane. The fouling was attributed to pore blockage and cake formation of carbonous and nitrogenous compounds. The study also found that physical cleaning with deionized (DI) water effectively restored the water flux, with more than 97% recovered for the TS-PTFE membrane. Additionally, the TS-PTFE membrane showed better water flux and product quality at 55 °C and excellent stability in maintaining the contact angle over time compared to the PTFE membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Khan
- Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering (MME), University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Mechanical Department at Taif Technical College, Technical and Vocational Training Corporation (TVTC), Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrar Ibrar
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Abeer Mirdad
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, 5 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Raed A Al-Juboori
- NYUAD Water Research Centre, New York University-Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Priyamjeet Deka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Senthilmurugan Subbiah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Ali Altaee
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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Al-Juboori RA, Al-Shaeli M, Aani SA, Johnson D, Hilal N. Membrane Technologies for Nitrogen Recovery from Waste Streams: Scientometrics and Technical Analysis. MEMBRANES 2022; 13:15. [PMID: 36676822 PMCID: PMC9864344 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The concerns regarding the reactive nitrogen levels exceeding the planetary limits are well documented in the literature. A large portion of anthropogenic nitrogen ends in wastewater. Nitrogen removal in typical wastewater treatment processes consumes a considerable amount of energy. Nitrogen recovery can help in saving energy and meeting the regulatory discharge limits. This has motivated researchers and industry professionals alike to devise effective nitrogen recovery systems. Membrane technologies form a fundamental part of these systems. This work presents a thorough overview of the subject using scientometric analysis and presents an evaluation of membrane technologies guided by literature findings. The focus of nitrogen recovery research has shifted over time from nutrient concentration to the production of marketable products using improved membrane materials and designs. A practical approach for selecting hybrid systems based on the recovery goals has been proposed. A comparison between membrane technologies in terms of energy requirements, recovery efficiency, and process scale showed that gas permeable membrane (GPM) and its combination with other technologies are the most promising recovery techniques and they merit further industry attention and investment. Recommendations for potential future search trends based on industry and end users' needs have also been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed A. Al-Juboori
- NYUAD Water Research Centre, New York University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muayad Al-Shaeli
- Department of Engineering, University of Luxembourg, 2, Avenue de l’Université, L-4365 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Saif Al Aani
- The State Company of Energy Production-Middle Region, Ministry of Electricity, Baghdad 10013, Iraq
| | - Daniel Johnson
- NYUAD Water Research Centre, New York University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nidal Hilal
- NYUAD Water Research Centre, New York University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
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