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Torres A, Soto C, Carmona J, Comesaña-Gandara B, de la Viuda M, Palacio L, Prádanos P, Simorte MT, Sanz I, Muñoz R, Tena A, Hernández A. Gas Permeability through Polyimides: Unraveling the Influence of Free Volume, Intersegmental Distance and Glass Transition Temperature. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:13. [PMID: 38201678 PMCID: PMC10780579 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationships between gas permeability and free volume fraction, intersegmental distance, and glass transition temperature, are investigated. They are analyzed for He, CO2, O2, CH4, and N2 gases and for five similar polyimides with a wide range of permeabilities, from very low to extremely high ones. It has been established here that there is an exponential relationship between permeability and the free volume fraction, and between permeability and the most probable intersegmental distance as measured by WAXS; in both cases, with an exponential coefficient that depends on the kinetic gas diameter as a quadratic polynomial and with a preexponential positive constant. Moreover, it has been proven that the intersegmental distance increases linearly with the free volume fraction. Finally, it has been established that the free volume fraction increases with the glass transition temperature for the polymers tested, and that they depend on each other in an approximate linear way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Torres
- Surface and Porous Materials (SMAP), Associated Research Unit to CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.T.); (C.S.); (J.C.); (M.d.l.V.); (L.P.); (P.P.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Cenit Soto
- Surface and Porous Materials (SMAP), Associated Research Unit to CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.T.); (C.S.); (J.C.); (M.d.l.V.); (L.P.); (P.P.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Javier Carmona
- Surface and Porous Materials (SMAP), Associated Research Unit to CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.T.); (C.S.); (J.C.); (M.d.l.V.); (L.P.); (P.P.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Bibiana Comesaña-Gandara
- Department of Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain;
- UI Cinquima, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mónica de la Viuda
- Surface and Porous Materials (SMAP), Associated Research Unit to CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.T.); (C.S.); (J.C.); (M.d.l.V.); (L.P.); (P.P.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain;
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Palacio
- Surface and Porous Materials (SMAP), Associated Research Unit to CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.T.); (C.S.); (J.C.); (M.d.l.V.); (L.P.); (P.P.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Pedro Prádanos
- Surface and Porous Materials (SMAP), Associated Research Unit to CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.T.); (C.S.); (J.C.); (M.d.l.V.); (L.P.); (P.P.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - María Teresa Simorte
- FCC Medio Ambiente, Avenida Camino de Santiago 40, Edificio 2–Planta 2, E-28050 Madrid, Spain; (M.T.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Inmaculada Sanz
- FCC Medio Ambiente, Avenida Camino de Santiago 40, Edificio 2–Planta 2, E-28050 Madrid, Spain; (M.T.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Raúl Muñoz
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Alberto Tena
- Surface and Porous Materials (SMAP), Associated Research Unit to CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.T.); (C.S.); (J.C.); (M.d.l.V.); (L.P.); (P.P.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Antonio Hernández
- Surface and Porous Materials (SMAP), Associated Research Unit to CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain; (A.T.); (C.S.); (J.C.); (M.d.l.V.); (L.P.); (P.P.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain;
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