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Ibrahim M, Haider A, Lim JW, Mainali B, Aslam M, Kumar M, Shahid MK. Artificial neural network modeling for the prediction, estimation, and treatment of diverse wastewaters: A comprehensive review and future perspective. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142860. [PMID: 39019174 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
The application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) in the treatment of wastewater has achieved increasing attention, as it enhances the efficiency and sustainability of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This paper explores the application of ANN-based models in WWTPs, focusing on the latest published research work, by presenting the effectiveness of ANNs in predicting, estimating, and treatment of diverse types of wastewater. Furthermore, this review comprehensively examines the applicability of the ANNs in various processes and methods used for wastewater treatment, including membrane and membrane bioreactors, coagulation/flocculation, UV-disinfection processes, and biological treatment systems. Additionally, it provides a detailed analysis of pollutants viz organic and inorganic substances, nutrients, pharmaceuticals, drugs, pesticides, dyes, etc., from wastewater, utilizing both ANN and ANN-based models. Moreover, it assesses the techno-economic value of ANNs, provides cost estimation and energy analysis, and outlines promising future research directions of ANNs in wastewater treatment. AI-based techniques are used to predict parameters such as chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) in WWTP influent. ANNs have been formed for the estimation of the removal efficiency of pollutants such as total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), BOD, and total suspended solids (TSS) in the effluent of WWTPs. The literature also discloses the use of AI techniques in WWT is an economical and energy-effective method. AI enhances the efficiency of the pumping system, leading to energy conservation with an impressive average savings of approximately 10%. The system can achieve a maximum energy savings state of 25%, accompanied by a notable reduction in costs of up to 30%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ibrahim
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Adnan Haider
- Department of Environmental and IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Sustainable Energy and Resources, Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia; Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, 602105, Chennai, India
| | - Bandita Mainali
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Membrane Systems Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan; Faculty of Engineering & Quantity Surveying, INTI International University (INTI-IU), Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, Nilai, 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Mathava Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600036, India
| | - Muhammad Kashif Shahid
- Department of Environmental and IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia; Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, National Polytechnic Institute of Cambodia (NPIC), Phnom Penh 12409, Cambodia.
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Baig U, Usman J, Abba SI, Yogarathinam LT, Waheed A, Bafaqeer A, Aljundi IH. Insight into soft chemometric computational learning for modelling oily-wastewater separation efficiency and permeate flux of polypyrrole-decorated ceramic-polymeric membranes. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1725:464897. [PMID: 38678694 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Reliable modeling of oily wastewater emphasizes the paramount importance of sustainable and health-conscious wastewater management practices, which directly aligns with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) while also meeting the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO). This research explores the efficiency of utilizing polypyrrole-coated ceramic-polymeric membranes to model oily wastewater separation efficiency (SE) and permeate flux (PF) based on established experimental procedures. In this area, computational simulation still needs to be explored. The study developed predictive regression models, including robust linear regression (RLR), stepwise linear regression (SWR) and linear regression (LR) for the ceramic-polymeric porous membrane, aiming to interpret its complex performance across diverse conditions and, thus, develop its utility in oily wastewater treatment applications. Subsequently, a novel, simple average ensemble paradigm was explored to reduce errors and improve prediction skills. Prior to the development of the model, stability and reliability analysis of the data was conducted based on Philip Perron tests with the Bartlett kernel estimation method. The accuracy of the SE exhibited a high consistency, averaging 99.92% with minimal variability (standard deviation of 0.026%), potentially simplifying its prediction compared to PF. The modes were validated and evaluated using metrics like MAE, RMSE, Speed, and MSE, in addition to 2D graphical and cumulative distribution function graphs. The LR model emerged as the best with the lowest RMSE =0.21951, indicating superior prediction accuracy, followed closely by RLR with an RMSE = 0.22359. SWLR, while having the highest RMSE = 0.34573, marked its dominance in prediction speed with 110 observations per second. Notably, the RLR model justified a reduction in error by approximately 35.29% compared to SWLR. Moreover, the training efficiency of the LR model exceeded, demanding a mere 2.9252 s, marking a reduction of about 32.54% compared to SWLR. The improved simple ensemble learning proved merit over the three models regarding error accuracy. This study emphasizes the essential role of soft-computing learning in optimizing the design and performance of ceramic-polymeric membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Baig
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membrane and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamil Usman
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membrane and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sani I Abba
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membrane and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Lukka Thuyavan Yogarathinam
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membrane and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Waheed
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membrane and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Bafaqeer
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Refining & Advanced Chemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Isam H Aljundi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membrane and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Mathaba M, Banza J. A comprehensive review on artificial intelligence in water treatment for optimization. Clean water now and the future. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2024; 58:1047-1060. [PMID: 38293764 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2024.2309102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Given the severe effects that toxic compounds present in wastewater streams have on humans, it is imperative that water and wastewater streams pollution be addressed globally. This review comprehensively examines various water and wastewater treatment methods and water quality management methods based on artificial intelligence (AI). Machine learning (ML) and AI have become a powerful tool for addressing problems in the real world and has gained a lot of interest since it can be used for a wide range of activities. The foundation of ML techniques involves training of a network with collected data, followed by application of learned network to the process simulation and prediction. The creation of ML models for process simulations requires measured data. In order to forecast and simulate chemical and physical processes such chemical reactions, heat transfer, mass transfer, energy, pharmaceutics and separation, a variety of machine-learning algorithms have recently been developed. These models have shown to be more adept at simulating and modeling processes than traditional models. Although AI offers many advantages, a number of disadvantages have kept these methods from being extensively applied in actual water treatment systems. Lack of evidence of application in actual water treatment scenarios, poor repeatability and data availability and selection are a few of the main problems that need to be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machodi Mathaba
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - JeanClaude Banza
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Requena I, Andrés-Mañas JA, Gil JD, Zaragoza G. Application of Machine Learning to Characterize the Permeate Quality in Pilot-Scale Vacuum-Assisted Air Gap Membrane Distillation Operation. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:857. [PMID: 37999343 PMCID: PMC10673146 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13110857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermal desalination technique proposed for the valorization of residual brines that other operations such as reverse osmosis cannot treat. Previous studies have shown that vacuum-assisted air gap (V-AGMD) operation in commercial multi-envelope modules improves the performance of MD noticeably. However, the permeate quality at pilot scale has not been thoroughly characterized so far. The aim of this study is, therefore, to assess and model the effect of the main operating conditions (feed flow rate, inlet temperatures, and feed salinity) on the permeate quality. Results from different steady-state experiments allowed to estimate descriptive metrics such as the salt rejection factor (SRF) and the membrane leak ratio (MLR). Given their non-linear behavior, these metrics were subsequently modeled using artificial neural networks (ANN) to estimate the permeate quality in the whole scope of operating conditions. Acceptable SRF results with MLR values lower than 0.2% confirmed the validity of MD as an operation for the treatment of concentrated brines, although the salinity of the resulting permeate does not comply in all cases with that permitted for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Requena
- CIEMAT-Plataforma Solar de Almería, Ctra. de Senés s/n, 04200 Tabernas, Spain; (I.R.); (G.Z.)
| | | | - Juan Diego Gil
- Centro Mixto CIESOL, ceia3, Universidad de Almería, Ctra. Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain;
| | - Guillermo Zaragoza
- CIEMAT-Plataforma Solar de Almería, Ctra. de Senés s/n, 04200 Tabernas, Spain; (I.R.); (G.Z.)
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Jradi R, Marvillet C, Jeday MR. Estimation and sensitivity analysis of fouling resistance in phosphoric acid/steam heat exchanger using artificial neural networks and regression methods. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17889. [PMID: 37857645 PMCID: PMC10587106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44516-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most frequent problem in phosphoric acid concentration plant is the heat exchanger build-up. This problem causes a reduction of the performance of this equipment and an increase of energy losses which lead to damage the apparatus. In this study, estimation of fouling resistance in a cross-flow heat exchanger was solved using a linear [Partial Least Squares (PLS)] and non linear [Artificial Neural Network (ANN)] methods. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Step Wise Regression (SWR) were preceded the modeling in order to determine the highest relation between operating parameters with the fouling resistance. The values of correlation coefficient (r2) and predictive ability which are equal to 0.992 and 87%, respectively showed a good prediction of the developed PLS model. In order to improve the results obtained by PLS method, an ANN model was developed. 361 experimental data points was used to design and train the network. A network containing 6 hidden neurons trained with Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) algorithm and hyperbolic tangent sigmoid transfer function for the hidden and output layers was selected to be the optimal configuration. The Garson's equation was applied to determine the sensitivity of input parameters on fouling resistance based on ANN results. Results indicated that acid inlet and outlet temperatures were the high relative important parameters on fouling resistance with importance equal to 56% and 15.4%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Jradi
- Research Laboratory «Process, Energy, Environment and Electrical Systems», National Engineering School of Gabès, Gabès, Tunisia.
| | - Christophe Marvillet
- CMGPCE Laboratory, French Institute of Refrigeration (IFFI), National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Razak Jeday
- Research Laboratory «Process, Energy, Environment and Electrical Systems», National Engineering School of Gabès, Gabès, Tunisia
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