1
|
Alresheedi MT. Influence of Iron and Magnesium on Fouling Properties of Organic Matter Solution in Membrane Process. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:150. [PMID: 39057658 PMCID: PMC11278630 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14070150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Organic matter has been identified as a significant type of foulant in membrane processes for water treatment. Its fouling tendency is highly affected by the presence of ions and inorganics. While the effects of ions addition on organic fouling have been extensively researched in the past, studies on the effect of positively-charged inorganics, such as Fe2+ and Mg2+, on organic fouling are limited. This study investigates the influence of Fe2+ and Mg2+ addition on fouling properties of the Suwannee River Organic Matter (SROM) solution in the MF process, with and without Ca2+ ions. Results showed that increasing the concentration of Fe2+ and Mg2+ from 0-5 mM promoted SROM fouling, and resulted in an increased flux decline up to 33% and 58%, respectively. Cake layer resistance became more dominant with the addition of Fe2+ and Mg2+, and was counted for more than 60% of the fouling. Mg2+, however, caused higher internal pore blocking, and facilitated the formation of a less permeable cake layer, compared to Fe2+. This was evident in the analysis of the cake layer properties and the visualization of the fouling layer. In all cases, SROM fouling with Fe2+ and Mg2+ worsened with the addition of Ca2+ ions. The results of the study indicated the importance of understanding the interaction between organic matter and Fe2+ and Mg2+, which would provide useful insights on their fouling mechanism and control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad T Alresheedi
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Karabelas AJ. On the total albumin losses during haemocatharsis. J Artif Organs 2024; 27:91-99. [PMID: 38238597 PMCID: PMC11126488 DOI: 10.1007/s10047-023-01430-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Excessive albumin losses during HC (haemocatharsis) are considered a potential cause of hypoalbuminemia-a key risk factor for mortality. This review on total albumin losses considers albumin "leaking" into the dialysate and losses due to protein/membrane interactions (i.e. adsorption, "secondary membrane formation" and denaturation). The former are fairly easy to determine, usually varying at the level of ~ 2 g to ~ 7 g albumin loss per session. Such values, commonly accepted as representative of the total albumin losses, are often quoted as limits/standards of permissible albumin loss per session. On albumin mass lost due to adsorption/deposition, which is the result of complicated interactions and rather difficult to determine, scant in vivo data exist and there is great uncertainty and confusion regarding their magnitude; this is possibly responsible for neglecting their contribution to the total losses at present. Yet, many relevant in vitro studies suggest that losses of albumin due to protein/membrane interactions are likely comparable to (or even greater than) those due to leaking, particularly in the currently favoured high-convection HDF (haemodiafiltration) treatment. Therefore, it is emphasised that top research priority should be given to resolve these issues, primarily by developing appropriate/facile in vivo test-methods and related analytical techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios J Karabelas
- Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology-Hellas, 6th Km Charilaou - Thermi Road, Thermi - Thessaloniki, GR 57001, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Matsumoto T, Yoshida K, Shinohara T, Miyoshi E, Ueno T. Development of new colloid osmotic pressure measurement method using ultrafiltration membrane during cardiopulmonary bypass. THE JOURNAL OF EXTRA-CORPOREAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 55:167-174. [PMID: 38099630 PMCID: PMC10723525 DOI: 10.1051/ject/2023028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical practice of measuring colloid osmotic pressure (COP) was abandoned after correcting hypoosmolarity did not improve overall patient outcomes. However, the use of albumin and colloidal solutions has contributed to maintaining intraoperative and postoperative fluid balance at lower levels. Reduced perioperative fluid balance is consistently reported to have positive effects on clinical outcomes. Priming solutions for cardiopulmonary bypass typically include colloids; however, the optimal type of priming solution has not yet been determined. Stricter COP management may further improve postoperative courses. To achieve this, the widespread adoption of a measurement method suitable for COP monitoring during cardiopulmonary bypass is required. METHODS A test circuit was made which measured COP using an ultrafiltration membrane method based on the changes in hydrostatic pressure that occurs across a semipermeable membrane. We then compared the measurements obtained using this method with colloidal osmometer measurements. RESULTS COP measurements were obtained for a total of 100 tests (10 times each for 10 test solutions). The evaluation parameters included simultaneous reproducibility, correlation with the colloid osmometer, and measurement time. The results demonstrated high accuracy of the ultrafiltration membrane method, simultaneous reproducibility within 3%, a high positive correlation with the colloid osmometer (correlation coefficient: R2 = 0.99; p < 0.01), and equal time required for measurement. CONCLUSION Measuring COP using ultrafiltration membranes solves problems within existing measurement methods. Although further improvements in the method are necessary, it has implications for future research and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Matsumoto
- Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 1–7, Suita-shi Osaka-fu 565-0871 Japan
- Department of Nursing Practice Development, Division of Nursing Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 1–7, Suita-shi Osaka-fu 565-0871 Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yoshida
- Department of Future Medical therapy, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine 1–7, Suita-shi Osaka-fu 565-0871 Japan
| | - Tomotaka Shinohara
- Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 1–7, Suita-shi Osaka-fu 565-0871 Japan
- Department of Nursing Practice Development, Division of Nursing Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 1–7, Suita-shi Osaka-fu 565-0871 Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Functional Diagnostic Science, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 1–7, Suita-shi Osaka-fu 565-0871 Japan
| | - Takayoshi Ueno
- Department of Nursing Practice Development, Division of Nursing Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine 1–7, Suita-shi Osaka-fu 565-0871 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu YJ. Investigation of factors affecting sodium alginate fouling mechanisms in a microfiltration process under non-constant-flux and non-constant-pressure conditions. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:169-184. [PMID: 37452541 PMCID: wst_2023_206 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Variations in transmembrane pressure and permeate flux are closely related to membrane fouling. In this study, a laboratory-scale submerged microfiltration system was used to investigate the influence of sodium alginate (SA) concentration and peristaltic pump rotation speed on the fouling under the conditions of (1) the same driving force and non-aerated-PAC, (2) different driving forces and non-aerated-PAC, and (3) different driving forces and aerated-PAC. The results showed that the normalized transmembrane pressure (TMP') increased linearly with decreasing normalized permeate flux (J') during the early microfiltration stage regardless of the operating conditions, indicating that the SA microfiltration process controlled by the peristaltic pump was non-constant-flux and non-constant-pressure. The latter filtration stage was considered constant-pressure filtration when 200-1,200 mg/L of SA was filtrated at the same rotation speed. During filtration of 800 mg/L of SA under the non-aerated-PAC condition, the later filtration stage was considered constant-pressure filtration when the peristaltic pump rotated at slower speeds of 15 and 30 rpm. This approached constant-flux filtration when the peristaltic pump rotated at faster speeds of 60 and 90 rpm, and PAC-aeration scouring was an effective measure for mitigating membrane fouling by SA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Juan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Xingyun Street, Datong City 037009, China E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alresheedi MT. Understanding Protein and Polysaccharide Fouling with Silicon Dioxide and Aluminum Oxide in Low-Pressure Membranes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050476. [PMID: 37233537 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Humic, protein, and polysaccharide substances have been recognized as significant types of foulants in membrane systems. Despite the remarkable amount of research that has been performed on the interaction of these foulants, particularly humic and polysaccharide substances, with inorganic colloids in RO systems, little attention has been paid to the fouling and cleaning behavior of proteins with inorganic colloids in UF membranes. This research examined the fouling and cleaning behavior of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sodium alginate (SA) with silicon dioxide (SiO2) and α-aluminum oxide (Al2O3) in individual and combined solutions during dead-end UF filtration. The results showed that the presence of SiO2 or Al2O3 in water alone did not cause significant fouling or a flux decline in the UF system. However, the combination of BSA and SA with inorganics was observed to have a synergistic effect on membrane fouling, in which the combined foulants caused higher irreversibility than individual foulants. Analysis of blocking laws demonstrated that the fouling mechanism shifted from cake filtration to complete pore blocking when the combined organics and inorganics were present in water, which resulted in higher BSA and SA fouling irreversibility. The results suggest that membrane backwash needs to be carefully designed and adjusted for better control of BSA and SA fouling with SiO2 and Al2O3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad T Alresheedi
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu S, Shi W, Li K, Cai J, Xu C, Gao L, Lu J, Ding F. Chitosan-based hollow nanofiber membranes with polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol for efficient removal and filtration of organic dyes and heavy metals. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124264. [PMID: 37003384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to their large specific surface area and numerous diffusion channels, hollow fibers are widely used in wastewater treatment. In this study, we successfully synthesized a chitosan (CS)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hollow nanofiber membrane (CS/PVP/PVA-HNM) via coaxial electrospinning. This membrane demonstrated remarkable permeability and adsorption separation. Specifically, the CS/PVP/PVA-HNM had a pure water permeability of 4367.02 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1. The hollow electrospun nanofibrous membrane exhibited a continuous interlaced nanofibrous framework structure with the extraordinary advantages of high porosity and high permeability. The rejection ratios of CS/PVP/PVA-HNM for Cu2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, malachite green (MG), methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV) were 96.91 %, 95.29 %, 87.50 %, 85.13 %, 88.21 %, 83.91 % and 71.99 %, and the maximum adsorption capacities were 106.72, 97.46, 88.10, 87.81, 53.45, 41.43, and 30.97 mg·g-1, respectively. This work demonstrates a strategy for the synthesis of hollow nanofibers, which provides a novel concept for the design and fabrication of highly efficient adsorption separation membranes.
Collapse
|
7
|
Casein-dextran complexes subjected to microfiltration: Colloidal properties and their corresponding processing behaviors. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
8
|
Fouling resistant and performance tunable ultrafiltration membranes via surface graft polymerization induced by atmospheric pressure air plasma. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
9
|
Vatanpour V, Jouyandeh M, Mousavi Khadem SS, Paziresh S, Dehqan A, Ganjali MR, Moradi H, Mirsadeghi S, Badiei A, Munir MT, Mohaddespour A, Rabiee N, Habibzadeh S, Mashhadzadeh AH, Nouranian S, Formela K, Saeb MR. Highly antifouling polymer-nanoparticle-nanoparticle/polymer hybrid membranes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:152228. [PMID: 34890675 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We introduce highly antifouling Polymer-Nanoparticle-Nanoparticle/Polymer (PNNP) hybrid membranes as multi-functional materials for versatile purification of wastewater. Nitrogen-rich polyethylenimine (PEI)-functionalized halloysite nanotube (HNT-SiO2-PEI) nanoparticles were developed and embedded in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membranes for protein and dye filtration. Bulk and surface characteristics of the resulting HNT-SiO2-PEI nanocomposites were determined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, microstructure and physicochemical properties of HNT-SiO2-PEI/PVC membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and attenuated total reflectance (ATR)-FTIR. Results of these analyses indicated that the overall porosity and mean pore size of nanocomposite membranes were enhanced, but the surface roughness was reduced. Additionally, surface hydrophilicity and flexibility of the original PVC membranes were significantly improved by incorporating HNT-SiO2-PEI nanoparticles. Based on pure water permeability and bovine serum albumin (BSA)/dye rejection tests, the highest nanoparticle-embedded membrane performance was observed at 2 weight percent (wt%) of HNT-SiO2-PEI. The nanocomposite incorporation in the PVC membranes further improved its antifouling performance and flux recovery ratio (96.8%). Notably, dye separation performance increased up to 99.97%. Overall, hydrophobic PVC membranes were successfully modified by incorporating HNT-SiO2-PEI nanomaterial and better-quality wastewater treatment performance was obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Vatanpour
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran.
| | - Maryam Jouyandeh
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran
| | | | - Shadi Paziresh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran
| | - Ahmad Dehqan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran; School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-13137, Iran
| | - Hiresh Moradi
- Research and Development Unit, Ghaffari Chemical Industries Corporation, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mirsadeghi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Medical Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran 14117-13137, Iran
| | - Alireza Badiei
- School of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran
| | - Muhammad Tajammal Munir
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait
| | - Ahmad Mohaddespour
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, Kuwait
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 11155-9161, Iran
| | - Sajjad Habibzadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran 15916-34311, Iran
| | - Amin Hamed Mashhadzadeh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Sasan Nouranian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, United States
| | - Krzysztof Formela
- Department of Polymer Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Elaboration of a novel membrane technique for purification of chondroitin sulfate extracted from chicken breast cartilage using the cross-flow ultrafiltration polyethersulfone flat-sheet membrane. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-02053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
11
|
Modelling and optimization of single-pass tangential flow ultrafiltration for continuous manufacturing of monoclonal antibodies. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
12
|
Lai QD, Nguyen HD. Enhancement of fish sauce quality by application of nanofiltration. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
13
|
A comprehensive review of membrane fouling and cleaning methods with emphasis on ultrasound-assisted fouling control processes. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-0832-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
14
|
Charfi A, Tibi F, Kim J, Hur J, Cho J. Organic Fouling Impact in a Direct Contact Membrane Distillation System Treating Wastewater: Experimental Observations and Modeling Approach. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11070493. [PMID: 34208956 PMCID: PMC8303707 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11070493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of operational conditions on organic fouling occurring in a direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) system used to treat wastewater. A mixed solution of sodium alginate (SA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as a feed solution to simulate polysaccharides and proteins, respectively, assumed as the main organic foulants. The permeate flux was observed at two feed temperatures 35 and 50 °C, as well as three feed solution pH 4, 6, and 8. Higher permeate flux was observed for higher feed temperature, which allows higher vapor pressure. At higher pH, a smaller particle size was detected with lower permeate flux. A mathematical model based on mass balance was developed to simulate permeate flux with time by assuming (i) the cake formation controlled by attachment and detachment of foulant materials and (ii) the increase in specific cake resistance, the function of the cake porosity, as the main mechanisms controlling membrane fouling to investigate the fouling mechanism responsible of permeate flux decline. The model fitted well with the experimental data with R2 superior to 0.9. High specific cake resistance fostered by small particle size would be responsible for the low permeate flux observed at pH 8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amine Charfi
- Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea; (A.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Fida Tibi
- Program of Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Michuholgu, Inharo 100, Incheon 22212, Korea; (F.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Jeonghwan Kim
- Program of Environmental and Polymer Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Michuholgu, Inharo 100, Incheon 22212, Korea; (F.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea; (A.C.); (J.H.)
| | - Jinwoo Cho
- Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea; (A.C.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3408-3970
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
A Comprehensive Review on Membrane Fouling: Mathematical Modelling, Prediction, Diagnosis, and Mitigation. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13091327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-based separation has gained increased popularity over the past few decades, particularly reverse osmosis (RO). A major impediment to the improved performance of membrane separation processes, in general, is membrane fouling. Fouling has detrimental effects on the membrane’s performance and integrity, as the deposition and accumulation of foulants on its surface and/or within its pores leads to a decline in the permeate flux, deterioration of selectivity, and permeability, as well as a significantly reduced lifespan. Several factors influence the fouling-propensity of a membrane, such as surface morphology, roughness, hydrophobicity, and material of fabrication. Generally, fouling can be categorized into particulate, organic, inorganic, and biofouling. Efficient prediction techniques and diagnostics are integral for strategizing control, management, and mitigation interventions to minimize the damage of fouling occurrences in the membranes. To improve the antifouling characteristics of RO membranes, surface enhancements by different chemical and physical means have been extensively sought after. Moreover, research efforts have been directed towards synthesizing membranes using novel materials that would improve their antifouling performance. This paper presents a review of the different membrane fouling types, fouling-inducing factors, predictive methods, diagnostic techniques, and mitigation strategies, with a special focus on RO membrane fouling.
Collapse
|
16
|
Gul A, Hruza J, Yalcinkaya F. Fouling and Chemical Cleaning of Microfiltration Membranes: A Mini-Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:846. [PMID: 33801897 PMCID: PMC8002060 DOI: 10.3390/polym13060846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane fouling is one of the main drawbacks encountered during the practical application of membrane separation processes. Cleaning of a membrane is important to reduce fouling and improve membrane performance. Accordingly, an effective cleaning method is currently of crucial importance for membrane separation processes in water treatment. To clean the fouling and improve the overall efficiency of membranes, deep research on the cleaning procedures is needed. So far, physical, chemical, or combination techniques have been used for membrane cleaning. In the current work, we critically reviewed the fouling mechanisms affecting factors of fouling such as the size of particle or solute; membrane microstructure; the interactions between membrane, solute, and solvent; and porosity of the membrane and also examined cleaning methods of microfiltration (MF) membranes such as physical cleaning and chemical cleaning. Herein, we mainly focused on the chemical cleaning process. Factors affecting the chemical cleaning performance, including cleaning time, the concentration of chemical cleaning, and temperature of the cleaning process, were discussed in detail. This review is carried out to enable a better understanding of the membrane cleaning process for an effective membrane separation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fatma Yalcinkaya
- Centre for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technology and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 1402/2, 46117 Liberec, Czech Republic; (A.G.); (J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Robust siloxane/graphene oxide thin film membranes: Siloxane size adjustment for improved separation performance and flux recovery. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-020-0641-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
18
|
Impact of MWCO and Dopamine/Polyethyleneimine Concentrations on Surface Properties and Filtration Performance of Modified Membranes. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10090239. [PMID: 32961881 PMCID: PMC7559832 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10090239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The mussel-inspired method has been investigated to modify commercial ultrafiltration membranes to induce antifouling characteristics. Such features are essential to improve the feasibility of using membrane processes in protein recovery from waste streams, wastewater treatment, and reuse. However, some issues still need to be clarified, such as the influence of membrane pore size and the polymer concentration used in modifying the solution. The aim of the present work is to study a one-step deposition of dopamine (DA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) on ultrafiltration membrane surfaces. The effects of different membrane molecular weight cut-offs (MWCO, 20, 30, and 50 kDa) and DA/PEI concentrations on membrane performance were assessed by surface characterization (FTIR, AFM, zeta potential, contact angle, protein adsorption) and permeation of protein solution. Results indicate that larger MWCO membranes (50 kDa) are most benefited by modification using DA and PEI. Moreover, PEI is primarily responsible for improving membrane performance in protein solution filtration. The membrane modified with 0.5:4.0 mg mL-1 (DA: PEI) presented a better performance in protein solution filtration, with only 15% of permeate flux drop after 2 h of filtration. The modified membrane can thus be potentially applied to the recovery of proteins from waste streams.
Collapse
|
19
|
Farjami M, Vatanpour V, Moghadassi A. Effect of nanoboehmite/poly(ethylene glycol) on the performance and physiochemical attributes EPVC nano-composite membranes in protein separation. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|