1
|
Chou PI, Ghim D, Gupta P, Singamaneni S, Lee B, Jun YS. Surface Functional Groups Affect Iron (Hydr)oxide Heterogeneous Nucleation: Implications for Membrane Scaling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37467155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Because of its favorable thermodynamics and fast kinetics, heterogeneous solid nucleation on membranes triggers early-stage mineral scaling. Iron (hydr)oxide, a typical membrane scale, initially forms as nanoparticles that interact with surface functional groups on membranes, but these nanoscale phenomena are difficult to observe in real time. In this study, we utilized in situ grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering and ex situ atomic force microscopy to examine the heterogeneous nucleation of iron (hydr)oxide on surface functional groups commonly used in membranes, including hydroxyl (OH), carboxyl (COOH), and fluoro (F) groups. We found that, compared to nucleation on hydrophilic OH- and COOH-surfaces, the high hydrophobicity of an F-modified surface significantly reduced the extents of both heterogeneously and homogeneously formed iron (hydr)oxide nucleation. Moreover, on the OH-surface, the high functional group density of 0.76 nmol/cm2 caused faster heterogeneous nucleation than that on a COOH-surface, with a density of 0.28 ± 0.04 nmol/cm2. The F-surface also had the highest heterogeneous nucleation energy barrier (26 ± 0.6 kJ/mol), followed by COOH- (23 ± 0.8 kJ/mol) and OH- (20 ± 0.9 kJ/mol) surfaces. The kinetic and thermodynamic information provided here will help us better predict the rates and extents of early-stage scaling of iron (hydr)oxide nanoparticles in membrane processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping-I Chou
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1180, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Deoukchen Ghim
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1180, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Prashant Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1185, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1185, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Young-Shin Jun
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1180, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mills R, Tvrdik C, Lin A, Bhattacharyya D. Enhanced Degradation of Methyl Orange and Trichloroethylene with PNIPAm-PMMA-Fe/Pd-Functionalized Hollow Fiber Membranes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2041. [PMID: 37513052 PMCID: PMC10386459 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a prominent groundwater pollutant due to its stability, widespread contamination, and negative health effects upon human exposure; thus, an immense need exists for enhanced environmental remediation techniques. Temperature-responsive domains and catalyst incorporation in membrane domains bring significant advantages for toxic organic decontamination. In this study, hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) were functionalized with stimuli-responsive poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAm), poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA), and catalytic zero-valent iron/palladium (Fe/Pd) for heightened reductive degradation of such pollutants, utilizing methyl orange (MO) as a model compound. By utilizing PNIPAm's transition from hydrophilic to hydrophobic expression above the LCST of 32 °C, increased pollutant diffusion and adsorption to the catalyst active sites were achieved. PNIPAm-PMMA hydrogels exhibited 11.5× and 10.8× higher equilibrium adsorption values for MO and TCE, respectively, when transitioning from 23 °C to 40 °C. With dip-coated PNIPAm-PMMA-functionalized HFMs (weight gain: ~15%) containing Fe/Pd nanoparticles (dp~34.8 nm), surface area-normalized rate constants for batch degradation were determined, resulting in a 30% and 420% increase in degradation efficiency above 32 °C for MO and TCE, respectively, due to enhanced sorption on the hydrophobic PNIPAm domain. Overall, with functionalized membranes containing superior surface area-to-volume ratios and enhanced sorption sites, efficient treatment of high-volume contaminated water can be achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rollie Mills
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Cameron Tvrdik
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Andrew Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Dibakar Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kartohardjono S, Salsabila GMK, Ramadhani A, Purnawan I, Lau WJ. Preparation of PVDF-PVP Composite Membranes for Oily Wastewater Treatment. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:611. [PMID: 37367814 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13060611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The oil and gas industry and related applications generate large quantities of oily wastewater, which can adversely affect the environment and human health if not properly handled. This study aims to prepare polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes incorporated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) additives and utilize them to treat oily wastewater through the ultrafiltration (UF) process. Flat sheet membranes were prepared using PVDF dissolved in N,N-dimethylacetamide, followed by the addition of PVP ranging from 0.5 to 35 g. Characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and mechanical strength tests were performed on the flat PVDF/PVP membranes to understand and compare the changes in the physical and chemical properties of the membranes. Prior to the UF process, oily wastewater was treated by a coagulation-flocculation process through a jar tester using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) as a coagulant. Based on the characterization of the membrane, the addition of PVP improves the physical and chemical properties of the membrane. The membrane's pore size becomes larger, which can increase its permeability and flux. In general, the addition of PVP to the PVDF membrane can increase the porosity and decrease the water contact angle, thereby increasing the membrane's hydrophilicity. With respect to filtration performance, the wastewater flux of the resultant membrane increases with increasing PVP content, but the rejections for TSS, turbidity, TDS, and COD are reduced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sutrasno Kartohardjono
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Ghofira Muna Khansa Salsabila
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Azzahra Ramadhani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Irfan Purnawan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Woei Jye Lau
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Center, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor 81310, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim J, Lee J, Bezek LB, Park B, Lee KS. Use of Nucleating Agent NA11 in the Preparation of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Dual-Layer Hollow Fiber Membranes. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:75. [PMID: 36676882 PMCID: PMC9864858 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) dual-layer hollow fiber membranes were simultaneously fabricated by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) and non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) methods using a triple orifice spinneret (TOS) for water treatment application. The support layer was prepared from a TIPS dope solution, which was composed of PVDF, gamma-butyrolactone (GBL), and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). The coating layer was prepared from a NIPS dope solution, which was composed of PVDF, N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). In order to improve the mechanical strength of the dual-layer hollow fiber, a nucleating agent, sodium 2,2'-methylene bis-(4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate (NA11), was added to the TIPS dope solution. The performance of the membrane was evaluated by surface and cross-sectional morphology, water flux, mechanical strength, and thermal property. Our results demonstrate that NA11 improved the mechanical strength of the PVDF dual-layer hollow fiber membranes by up to 42%. In addition, the thickness of the coating layer affected the porosity of the membrane and mechanical performance to have high durability in enduring harsh processing conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihyeon Kim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Lee
- LOTTE Chemical Co., Ltd., Daejeon 305-726, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Bumjin Park
- LOTTE Chemical Co., Ltd., Daejeon 305-726, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Soo Lee
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- LOTTE Chemical Co., Ltd., Daejeon 305-726, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rolf J, Cao T, Huang X, Boo C, Li Q, Elimelech M. Inorganic Scaling in Membrane Desalination: Models, Mechanisms, and Characterization Methods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:7484-7511. [PMID: 35666637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic scaling caused by precipitation of sparingly soluble salts at supersaturation is a common but critical issue, limiting the efficiency of membrane-based desalination and brine management technologies as well as other engineered systems. A wide range of minerals including calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, and silica precipitate during membrane-based desalination, limiting water recovery and reducing process efficiency. The economic impact of scaling on desalination processes requires understanding of its sources, causes, effects, and control methods. In this Critical Review, we first describe nucleation mechanisms and crystal growth theories, which are fundamental to understanding inorganic scale formation during membrane desalination. We, then, discuss the key mechanisms and factors that govern membrane scaling, including membrane properties, such as surface roughness, charge, and functionality, as well as feedwater characteristics, such as pH, temperature, and ionic strength. We follow with a critical review of current characterization techniques for both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation, focusing on the strengths and limitations of each technique to elucidate scale-inducing mechanisms, observe actual crystal growth, and analyze the outcome of scaling behaviors of desalination membranes. We conclude with an outlook on research needs and future research directions to provide guidelines for scale mitigation in water treatment and desalination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julianne Rolf
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | - Tianchi Cao
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | - Xiaochuan Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, MS-519, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Rice University, MS 6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston 77005, United States
| | - Chanhee Boo
- Water Cycle Research Center, National Agenda Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Qilin Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, MS-519, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Rice University, MS 6398, 6100 Main Street, Houston 77005, United States
| | - Menachem Elimelech
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
- Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ahmad AL, Hassan AI, Peng LC. Non-Solvent Influence of Hydrophobic Polymeric Layer Deposition on PVDF Hollow Fiber Membrane for CO 2 Gas Absorption. MEMBRANES 2021; 12:41. [PMID: 35054567 PMCID: PMC8777759 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of hydrophobicity on membranes is becoming crucial in current membrane technological development, especially in membrane gas absorption (MGA). In order to prevent membrane wetting, a polypropylene (PP) dense layer coating was deposited on a commercial poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane as a method of enhancing surface hydrophobicity. The weight concentration of PP pellets was varied from 10 mg mL-1 to 40 mg mL-1 and dissolved in xylene. A two-step dip coating was implemented where the PVDF membrane was immersed in a non-solvent followed by a polymer coating solution. The effects of the modified membrane with the non-solvent methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and without the non-solvent was investigated over all weight concentrations of the coating solution. The SEM investigation found that the modified membrane surface transfiguration formed microspherulites that intensified as PP concentration increased with and without MEK. To understand the coating formation further, the solvent-non-solvent compatibility with the polymer was also discussed in this study. The membrane characterizations on the porosity, the contact angle, and the FTIR spectra were also conducted in determining the polymer coating properties. Hydrophobic membrane was achieved up to 119.85° contact angle and peak porosity of 87.62% using MEK as the non-solvent 40 mg mL-1 PP concentration. The objective of the current manuscript was to test the hydrophobicity and wetting degree of the coating layer. Hence, physical absorption via the membrane contactor using CO2 as the feed gas was carried out. The maximum CO2 flux of 3.33 × 10-4 mol m-2 s-1 was achieved by 25 mg modified membrane at a fixed absorbent flow rate of 100 mL min-1 while 40 mg modified membrane showed better overall flux stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Ahmad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Malaysia; (A.I.H.); (L.C.P.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membrane with a Polyvinylpyrrolidone Additive for Tofu Industrial Wastewater Treatment in Combination with the Coagulation-Flocculation Process. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120948. [PMID: 34940450 PMCID: PMC8704348 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Wastewater from the tofu industry contains many pollutants that are very harmful to the environment, significantly endangering aquatic life and producing a pungent odor. This study aims to prepare a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane with the additive polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and utilize it to treat tofu wastewater in the ultrafiltration (UF) process. Flat sheet membranes were prepared using PVDF that was dissolved in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and then combined with the additive material of PVP at the varying compositions of 14.9/0.1, 14.85/0.15, and 14.8/0.2 g of PVDF/gram of PVP. The addition of PVP was proposed to improve the properties of the membranes. Characterization by scanning electron microscope (SEM), water contact angle, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were performed on the PVDF/PVP membrane flat sheet in order to understand and compare changes in the physical and chemical properties that occurred in the membrane. Prior to the UF process, the tofu wastewater was treated by a coagulation–flocculation process through a jar tester using poly aluminum chloride (PAC) as a coagulant. Based on the membrane characterization, the addition of PVP improved the physical and chemical properties of membranes. The pore size of the membrane becomes larger, which could increase permeability as well as the flux value. The TSS and turbidity of the water produced in the UF process decreased with an increase in feed pressure due to a greater driving force generated to facilitate the penetration of the suspended solids. The UF results showed that the effect of PVP on water flux was greatest for the 14.85/0.15 PVDF/PVP membrane for both pure and wastewater. In addition, the highest percentage of rejection for TSS and turbidity were observed in the 14.9/0.1 PVDF/PVP membrane and rejection for TDS was indicated in the 14.8/0.2 PVDF/PVP membrane. Meanwhile, the resulting pH decreased slightly across all samples as feed pressure increased.
Collapse
|
8
|
Tai ZS, Othman MHD, Mustafa A, Ravi J, Wong KC, Koo KN, Hubadillah SK, Azali MA, Alias NH, Ng BC, Mohamed Dzahir MIH, Ismail AF, Rahman MA, Jaafar J. Development of hydrophobic polymethylhydrosiloxane/tetraethylorthosilicate (PMHS/TEOS) hybrid coating on ceramic membrane for desalination via membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
9
|
Mohd Ramli MR, Mat Radzi NH, Mohamad Esham MI, Alsebaeai MK, Ahmad AL. Advanced Application and Fouling Control in Hollow Fibre Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (HF-DCMD). ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-05006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Ansari A, Kavousi S, Helfer F, Millar G, Thiel DV. An Improved Modelling Approach for the Comprehensive Study of Direct Contact Membrane Distillation. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11050308. [PMID: 33922337 PMCID: PMC8145701 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11050308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) is a promising and feasible technology for water desalination. Most of the models used to simulate DCMD are one-dimensional and/or use a linear function of vapour pressure which relies on experimentally determined parameters. In this study, the model of DCMD using Nusselt correlations was improved by coupling the continuity, momentum, and energy equations to better capture the downstream alteration of flow field properties. A logarithmic function of vapour pressure, which is independent from experiments, was used. This allowed us to analyse DCMD with different membrane properties. The results of our developed model were in good agreement with the DCMD experimental results, with less than 7% deviation. System performance metrics, including water flux, temperature, and concentration polarisation coefficient and thermal efficiency, were analysed by varying inlet feed and permeate temperature, inlet velocity, inlet feed concentration, channel length. In addition, twenty-two commercial membranes were analysed to obtain a real vision on the influence of membrane characteristics on system performance metrics. The results showed that the feed temperature had the most significant effect on water flux and thermal efficiency. The increased feed temperature enhanced the water flux and thermal efficiency; however, it caused more concentration and temperature polarisation. On the other hand, the increased inlet velocity was found to provide increased water flux and reduced temperature and concertation polarisation as well. It was also found that the membrane properties, especially thickness and porosity, can affect the DCMD performance significantly. A two-fold increase of feed temperature increased the water flux and thermal efficiency, 10-fold and 27%, respectively; however, it caused an increase in temperature and concertation polarisation, at 48% and 34%, respectively. By increasing Reynolds number from 80 to 1600, the water flux, CPC, and TPC enhanced by 2.3-fold, 2%, and 21%, respectively. The increased feed concentration from 0 to 250 [g/L] caused a 26% reduction in water flux. To capture the downstream alteration of flow properties, it was shown that the ratio of inlet value to outlet value of system performance metrics decreased significantly throughout the module. Therefore, improvement over the conventional model is undeniable, as the new model can assist in achieving optimal operation conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Ansari
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (F.H.); (D.V.T.)
| | - Saman Kavousi
- Independent Researcher, Esteghlal Blvd., Shiraz 71757-43659, Iran;
| | - Fernanda Helfer
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (F.H.); (D.V.T.)
| | - Graeme Millar
- Institute for Future Environments, School of Mechanical, Medical & Process Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia;
| | - David V. Thiel
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (F.H.); (D.V.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dayanandan N, Kapoor A, Sivaraman P. Studies on membrane distillation towards mitigating thermal pollution. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01525-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
12
|
Sinha Ray S, Singh Bakshi H, Dangayach R, Singh R, Deb CK, Ganesapillai M, Chen SS, Purkait MK. Recent Developments in Nanomaterials-Modified Membranes for Improved Membrane Distillation Performance. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E140. [PMID: 32635417 PMCID: PMC7408142 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10070140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermally induced membrane separation process that utilizes vapor pressure variance to permeate the more volatile constituent, typically water as vapor, across a hydrophobic membrane and rejects the less volatile components of the feed. Permeate flux decline, membrane fouling, and wetting are some serious challenges faced in MD operations. Thus, in recent years, various studies have been carried out on the modification of these MD membranes by incorporating nanomaterials to overcome these challenges and significantly improve the performance of these membranes. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of the incorporation of new generation nanomaterials such as quantum dots, metalloids and metal oxide-based nanoparticles, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), and carbon-based nanomaterials in the MD membrane. The desired characteristics of the membrane for MD operations, such as a higher liquid entry pressure (LEPw), permeability, porosity, hydrophobicity, chemical stability, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength, have been thoroughly discussed. Additionally, methodologies adopted for the incorporation of nanomaterials in these membranes, including surface grafting, plasma polymerization, interfacial polymerization, dip coating, and the efficacy of these modified membranes in various MD operations along with their applications are addressed. Further, the current challenges in modifying MD membranes using nanomaterials along with prominent future aspects have been systematically elaborated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Sinha Ray
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City 106, Taiwan; (H.S.B.); (R.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Harshdeep Singh Bakshi
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City 106, Taiwan; (H.S.B.); (R.D.); (R.S.)
- School of Chemical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India;
| | - Raghav Dangayach
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City 106, Taiwan; (H.S.B.); (R.D.); (R.S.)
- School of Chemical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India;
| | - Randeep Singh
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City 106, Taiwan; (H.S.B.); (R.D.); (R.S.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, India;
| | - Chinmoy Kanti Deb
- School of Chemical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India;
| | - Mahesh Ganesapillai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India;
| | - Shiao-Shing Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City 106, Taiwan; (H.S.B.); (R.D.); (R.S.)
| | - Mihir Kumar Purkait
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, India;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cha-Umpong W, Hosseini E, Razmjou A, Zakertabrizi M, Korayem AH, Chen V. New molecular understanding of hydrated ion trapping mechanism during thermally-driven desalination by pervaporation using GO membrane. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
14
|
Das R, Arunachalam S, Ahmad Z, Manalastas E, Mishra H. Bio-inspired gas-entrapping membranes (GEMs) derived from common water-wet materials for green desalination. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|