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Czerwinska N, Giosuè C, Matos I, Sabbatini S, Ruello ML, Bernardo M. Development of activated carbons derived from wastes: coffee grounds and olive stones as potential porous materials for air depollution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169898. [PMID: 38184266 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Agro-industrial byproducts and food waste necessitate an environmentally friendly way of reducing issues related to their disposal; it is also necessary to recover as much new raw material from these resources as possible, especially when we consider their potential usage as a precursor for preparing depolluting materials, such as activated carbon. In this work, coffee grounds and olive stones were chosen as precursors and the adsorption capacity of the obtained porous carbons for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was studied. Microporous activated carbons (ACs) were prepared using chemical (K2CO3) and physical (CO2) activation. The influence of the activation process, type, and time of activation was also investigated. Measurements of VOCs adsorption were performed, and methyl-ethyl-ketone (MEK) and toluene were chosen as the model pollutants. The surface areas and total pore volumes of 1487 m2/g and 0.53 cm3/g and 870 m2/g and 0.22 cm3/g for coffee ground carbons and olive stone carbons, respectively, were obtained via chemical activation, whereas physical activation yielded values of 716 m2/g and 0.184 cm3/g and 778 cm2 g-1 and 0.205 cm3/g, respectively. As expected, carbons without activation (biochars) showed the smallest surface area, equal to 331 m2/g and 251 m2/g, and, hence, the lowest adsorption capacity. The highest adsorption capacity of MEK (3210 mg/g) and toluene (2618 mg/g) was recorded for chemically activated coffee grounds. Additionally, from the CO2 isotherms recorded at a low pressure (0.03 bar) and 0 °C, the maximum CO2 adsorption capacity was equal to 253 mg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Czerwinska
- Department of Science and Engineering of Matter, Environment and Urban Planning (SIMAU), Università Politecnica delle Marche, UdR INSTM Ancona, Italy.
| | - Chiara Giosuè
- Department of Science and Engineering of Matter, Environment and Urban Planning (SIMAU), Università Politecnica delle Marche, UdR INSTM Ancona, Italy.
| | - Ines Matos
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Simona Sabbatini
- Department of Science and Engineering of Matter, Environment and Urban Planning (SIMAU), Università Politecnica delle Marche, UdR INSTM Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Ruello
- Department of Science and Engineering of Matter, Environment and Urban Planning (SIMAU), Università Politecnica delle Marche, UdR INSTM Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria Bernardo
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Mohd Ibrahim S, Sawamura KI, Mishina K, Yu X, Salak F, Miyata S, Moriyama N, Nagasawa H, Kanezashi M, Tsuru T. Bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTESE)-Organosilica Membranes for H 2O/DMF Separation in Reverse Osmosis (RO): Evaluation and Correlation of Subnanopores via Nanopermporometry (NPP), Modified Gas Translation (mGT) and RO Performance. MEMBRANES 2023; 14:8. [PMID: 38248698 PMCID: PMC10819068 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
A 40 cm length Bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTESE) membrane having different pore sizes was successfully prepared by changing the number of coating times for gas permeation (GP) and organic solvent reverse osmosis (OSRO) separation study. It was found that BTESE-6 membranes prepared through six-time coating consisted of small-sized pores in the range 0.56 to 0.64 nm estimated using modified Gas Translation (mGT) method and 0.59 to 0.67 nm estimated by nanopermporometry (NPP) method, respectively. These membranes demonstrated a high DMF rejection, RDMF > 95% with total flux, Jv total > 5 kg m-2 h-1 at operating condition feed pressure, Pf: 8 MPa; feed temperature, Tf : 50 °C; and feed flowrate, Qf : 30 mL/min; and they exhibited a high degree selectivity of He/SF6 in the range of ~ 260-3400 at a permeation temperature 200 °C. On the other hand, the larger pore sizes of the BTESE-4 membranes (pore size estimates > 0.76 nm to 1.02 nm) exhibited low DMF rejection and a low degree selectivity of He/SF6 around ~30% and 25, respectively, at the same operating condition as BTESE-6. Both GT and NPP methods can be considered as an indicator of the measurement membrane pore size. From this study, it was found that He and SF6 gases can be some of the potential predictors for water and DMF permeance. Furthermore, by comparing our OSRO membrane with other PV membranes for DMF/H2O separation, our BTESE-6 membranes still exhibited high flux in the range of 3-6 kg m-2 h-1 with a separation factor H2O/DMF in the range of 80-120.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaina Mohd Ibrahim
- eSep Inc., Keihanna Open Innovation Center @ Kyoto (KICK), Annex 320, 7-5-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0238, Japan; (K.M.); (X.Y.); (S.M.)
| | - Ken-ichi Sawamura
- eSep Inc., Keihanna Open Innovation Center @ Kyoto (KICK), Annex 320, 7-5-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0238, Japan; (K.M.); (X.Y.); (S.M.)
| | - Kengo Mishina
- eSep Inc., Keihanna Open Innovation Center @ Kyoto (KICK), Annex 320, 7-5-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0238, Japan; (K.M.); (X.Y.); (S.M.)
| | - Xin Yu
- eSep Inc., Keihanna Open Innovation Center @ Kyoto (KICK), Annex 320, 7-5-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0238, Japan; (K.M.); (X.Y.); (S.M.)
| | - Feridoun Salak
- eSep Inc., Keihanna Open Innovation Center @ Kyoto (KICK), Annex 320, 7-5-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0238, Japan; (K.M.); (X.Y.); (S.M.)
| | - Shigeru Miyata
- eSep Inc., Keihanna Open Innovation Center @ Kyoto (KICK), Annex 320, 7-5-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0238, Japan; (K.M.); (X.Y.); (S.M.)
| | - Norihiro Moriyama
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan; (N.M.); (H.N.); (M.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Hiroki Nagasawa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan; (N.M.); (H.N.); (M.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Masakoto Kanezashi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan; (N.M.); (H.N.); (M.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Toshinori Tsuru
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8527, Japan; (N.M.); (H.N.); (M.K.); (T.T.)
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Rayabharam A, Qu H, Wang Y, Aluru NR. Spontaneous sieving of water from ethanol using angstrom-sized nanopores. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:12626-12633. [PMID: 37462526 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02768f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol is widely used as a precursor in products ranging from drugs to cosmetics. However, distillation of ethanol from aqueous solution is energy intensive and expensive. Here, we show that angstrom-sized nanopores with precisely controlled pore sizes can spontaneously remove water from ethanol-water mixtures through molecular sieving at room temperature and pressure. For small-diameter nanotubes, water-filling is observed, but ethanol is completely excluded, as evidenced by time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations and spectroscopy measurements. Potential of mean force calculations were performed to determine how the free energy barriers for water and ethanol-filling of the nanotubes change with increasing pore size. Water/ethanol selectivity ratio reaching as high as 6700 is observed with a (6,4) nanotube, which has a pore size of 0.204 nm. This selectivity vanishes as the pore size increases beyond 0.306 nm. These findings provide insights that may help realize energy efficient molecular sieving of ethanol and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archith Rayabharam
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA.
| | - Haoran Qu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - YuHuang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
- Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - N R Aluru
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA.
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Kujawa J, Al-Gharabli S, Muzioł TM, Knozowska K, Li G, Dumée LF, Kujawski W. Crystalline porous frameworks as nano-enhancers for membrane liquid separation – Recent developments. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Raza W, Jianhua Y, Wang J, Saulat H, Wang L, Lu J, Zhang Y. A selective organosilica membrane for ethyl acetate dehydration by pervaporation. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Raza
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Yang Jianhua
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
- Panjin Institute of Industrial Technology Dalian University of Technology Panjin China
| | - Jiaxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Hammad Saulat
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Jingming Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
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Kunishi H, Hagio T, Wada S, Kamimoto Y, Ichino R. Development of novel nanoporous hexagonal tungsten oxide membrane for separation of water/acetic acid mixtures via pervaporation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hir ML, Magne A, Clair T, Carretier E, Moulin P. Solvent Regeneration in Complex Mixture Using Pervaporation. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Le Hir
- Sanofi Chimie, Laboratoire Génie des Procédés 1, Process Engineering, Global Chemistry Manufacturing & Control (CMC), 45 chemin de Mételine, 04200 Sisteron, France
| | - Adrien Magne
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, Equipe Procédés membranaires (EPM), Europole de l’Arbois, BP80, Pavillon Laennec, Hall C, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex, France
| | - Thomas Clair
- Sanofi Chimie, Laboratoire Génie des Procédés 1, Process Engineering, Global Chemistry Manufacturing & Control (CMC), 45 chemin de Mételine, 04200 Sisteron, France
| | - Emilie Carretier
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, Equipe Procédés membranaires (EPM), Europole de l’Arbois, BP80, Pavillon Laennec, Hall C, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex, France
| | - Philippe Moulin
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille, M2P2 UMR 7340, Equipe Procédés membranaires (EPM), Europole de l’Arbois, BP80, Pavillon Laennec, Hall C, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex, France
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Progress on Silica Pervaporation Membranes in Solvent Dehydration and Solvent Recovery Processes. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13153354. [PMID: 32731510 PMCID: PMC7436131 DOI: 10.3390/ma13153354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Separation processes aimed at recovering the solvent from effluent streams offer a means for establishing a circular economy. Conventional technologies such as distillation are energy-intensive, inefficient and suffer from high operating and maintenance costs. Pervaporation based membrane separation overcomes these challenges and in conjunction with the utilization of inorganic membranes derived from non-toxic, sufficiently abundant and hence expendable, silica, allows for high operating temperatures and enhanced chemical and structural integrity. Membrane-based separation is predicted to dominate the industry in the coming decades, as the process is being understood at a deeper level, leading to the fabrication of tailored membranes for niche applications. The current review aims to compile and present the extensive and often dispersive scientific investigations to the reader and highlight the current scenario as well as the limitations suffered by this mature field. In addition, viable alternative to the conventional methodologies, as well as other rival materials in existence to achieve membrane-based pervaporation are highlighted.
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