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Li J, Zhao J, Kan Q, Tian Y, Yu L, Peng Y, Huang X. A Novel Equivalent Method for Computing Mechanical Properties of Random and Ordered Hyperelastic Cellular Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6990. [PMID: 37959585 PMCID: PMC10650831 DOI: 10.3390/ma16216990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Simulating the mechanical behavior of cellular materials stands as a pivotal step in their practical application. Nonetheless, the substantial multitude of unit cells within these materials necessitates a considerable finite element mesh, thereby leading to elevated computational expenses and requisites for formidable computer configurations. In order to surmount this predicament, a novel and straightforward equivalent calculation method is proposed for the computation of mechanical properties concerning both random and ordered hyper-elastic cellular materials. By amalgamating the classical finite element approach with the distribution attributes of cells, the proposed equivalent calculation method adeptly captures the deformation modes and force-displacement responses exhibited by cell materials under tensile and shear loads, as predicted through direct numerical simulation. This approach reflects the deformation characteristics induced by micro-unit cells, elucidates an equivalent principle bridging cellular materials and equivalent materials, and substantially curtails exhaustive computational burdens. Ultimately, this method furnishes an equivalent computational strategy tailored for the engineering applications of cellular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhao
- Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Qianhua Kan
- School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Yuyu Tian
- Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Li Yu
- Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Yunqiang Peng
- Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China
| | - Xicheng Huang
- Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621999, China
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Gatto ML, Cerqueni G, Groppo R, Santecchia E, Tognoli E, Defanti S, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Mengucci P. Improved biomechanical behavior of 316L graded scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration produced by laser powder bed fusion. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 144:105989. [PMID: 37369172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Graded lattice scaffolds based on rhombic dodecahedral (RD) elementary unit cell geometry were manufactured in 316L stainless steel (SS) by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Two different strategies based on varying strut thickness layer-by-layer in the building direction were adopted to obtain the graded scaffolds: a) decreasing strut size from core to edge to produce the dense-in (DI) structure and b) increasing strut size in the same direction to produce the dense-out (DO) structure. Both graded structures (DI and DO) were constructed with specular symmetry with respect to the central horizontal axis. Structural, mechanical, and biological characterizations were carried out to evaluate feasibility of designing appropriate biomechanical performances of graded scaffolds in the perspective of bone tissue regeneration. Results showed that mechanical behavior is governed by graded geometry, while printing parameters influence structural properties of the material such as density, textures, and crystallographic phases. The predominant failure mechanism in graded structures initiates in correspondence of thinner struts, due to high stress concentrations on strut junctions. Biological tests evidenced better proliferation of cells in the DO graded scaffold, which in turn exhibits mechanical properties close to cortical bone. The combined control of grading strategy, printing parameters and elementary unit cell geometry can enable implementing scaffolds with improved biomechanical performances for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Gatto
- Department DIISM, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Cerqueni
- Department DISCLIMO & UdR INSTM, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Riccardo Groppo
- 3D4MEC S.r.l, Via Porrettana 48, 40037, Sasso Marconi, BO, Italy
| | - Eleonora Santecchia
- Department DIISM, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Emanuele Tognoli
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvio Defanti
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Monica Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department DISCLIMO & UdR INSTM, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, Ancona, 60126, Italy
| | - Paolo Mengucci
- Department SIMAU & UdR INSTM, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131, Ancona, Italy
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