|
1
|
Simić K, Todorović N, Trifunović S, Miladinović Z, Gavrilović A, Jovanović S, Avramović N, Gođevac D, Vujisić L, Tešević V, Tasić L, Mandić B. NMR Metabolomics in Serum Fingerprinting of Schizophrenia Patients in a Serbian Cohort. Metabolites 2022; 12:707. [PMID: 36005580 PMCID: PMC9416612 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a widespread mental disorder that leads to significant functional impairments and premature death. The state of the art indicates gaps in the understanding and diagnosis of this disease, but also the need for personalized and precise approaches to patients through customized medical treatment and reliable monitoring of treatment response. In order to fulfill existing gaps, the establishment of a universal set of disorder biomarkers is a necessary step. Metabolomic investigations of serum samples of Serbian patients with schizophrenia (51) and healthy controls (39), based on NMR analyses associated with chemometrics, led to the identification of 26 metabolites/biomarkers for this disorder. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models with prediction accuracies of 0.9718 and higher were accomplished during chemometric analysis. The established biomarker set includes aspartate/aspartic acid, lysine, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, and acylglycerols, which are identified for the first time in schizophrenia serum samples by NMR experiments. The other 22 identified metabolites in the Serbian samples are in accordance with the previously established NMR-based serum biomarker sets of Brazilian and/or Chinese patient samples. Thirteen metabolites (lactate/lactic acid, threonine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, glutamine, asparagine, alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, choline, glucose, glycine and tyrosine) that are common for three different ethnic and geographic origins (Serbia, Brazil and China) could be a good start point for the setup of a universal NMR serum biomarker set for schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Simić
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.S.); (N.T.); (D.G.)
| | - Nina Todorović
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.S.); (N.T.); (D.G.)
| | - Snežana Trifunović
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.T.); (L.V.); (V.T.)
| | - Zoran Miladinović
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Aleksandra Gavrilović
- Special Hospital for Psychiatric Diseases “Kovin”, Cara Lazara 253, 26220 Kovin, Serbia; (A.G.); (S.J.)
| | - Silvana Jovanović
- Special Hospital for Psychiatric Diseases “Kovin”, Cara Lazara 253, 26220 Kovin, Serbia; (A.G.); (S.J.)
| | - Nataša Avramović
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Dejan Gođevac
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (K.S.); (N.T.); (D.G.)
| | - Ljubodrag Vujisić
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.T.); (L.V.); (V.T.)
| | - Vele Tešević
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.T.); (L.V.); (V.T.)
| | - Ljubica Tasić
- Institute of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry Department, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil;
| | - Boris Mandić
- University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.T.); (L.V.); (V.T.)
| |
Collapse
|