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Metabolomics, Microbiota, and In Vivo and In Vitro Biomarkers in Type 2 Severe Asthma: A Perspective Review. Metabolites 2021. [PMID: 34677362 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11100647.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine refers to the tailoring of therapeutic strategies to the individual characteristics of each patient; thus, it could be a new approach for the management of severe asthma that considers individual variability in genes, environmental exposure, and lifestyle. Precision medicine would also assist physicians in choosing the right treatment, the best timing of administration, consequently trying to maximize drug efficacy, and, possibly, reducing adverse events. Metabolomics is the systematic study of low molecular weight (bio)chemicals in a given biological system and offers a powerful approach to biomarker discovery and elucidating disease mechanisms. In this point of view, metabolomics could play a key role in targeting precision medicine.
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Caruso C, Colantuono S, Nicoletti A, Arasi S, Firinu D, Gasbarrini A, Coppola A, Di Michele L. Metabolomics, Microbiota, and In Vivo and In Vitro Biomarkers in Type 2 Severe Asthma: A Perspective Review. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11100647. [PMID: 34677362 PMCID: PMC8541451 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11100647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine refers to the tailoring of therapeutic strategies to the individual characteristics of each patient; thus, it could be a new approach for the management of severe asthma that considers individual variability in genes, environmental exposure, and lifestyle. Precision medicine would also assist physicians in choosing the right treatment, the best timing of administration, consequently trying to maximize drug efficacy, and, possibly, reducing adverse events. Metabolomics is the systematic study of low molecular weight (bio)chemicals in a given biological system and offers a powerful approach to biomarker discovery and elucidating disease mechanisms. In this point of view, metabolomics could play a key role in targeting precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Caruso
- Allergy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00100 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Stefania Colantuono
- Allergy Unit, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00100 Rome, Italy;
- Digestive Disease Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alberto Nicoletti
- Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefania Arasi
- Area of Translational Research in Pediatric Specialities, Allergy Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Davide Firinu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09100 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Digestive Disease Center, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Angelo Coppola
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Ospedale San Filippo Neri-ASL Roma 1, 00100 Rome, Italy;
- UniCamillus, Saint Camillus International, University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Loreta Di Michele
- Pulmonary Interstitial Diseases Unit, UOSD Interstiziopatie Polmonari Az Osp. S. Camillo-Forlanini, 00100 Rome, Italy;
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