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Hosadurg N, Watts K, Wang S, Wingerter KE, Taylor AM, Villines TC, Patel AR, Bourque JM, Lindner JR, Kramer CM, Sharma G, Rodriguez Lozano PF. Emerging Pathway to a Precision Medicine Approach for Angina With Nonobstructive Coronary Arteries in Women. JACC. ADVANCES 2024; 3:101074. [PMID: 39055270 PMCID: PMC11269914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.101074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Women are disproportionately affected by symptoms of angina with nonobstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA) which is associated with significant mortality and economic impact. Although distinct endotypes of ANOCA have been defined, it is underdiagnosed and is often incompletely characterized when identified. Patients are often unresponsive to traditional therapeutic options, which are typically antianginal, and the current ability to guide treatment modification by specific pathways is limited. Studies have associated specific genetic loci, transcriptomic features, and biomarkers with ANOCA. Such panomic data, in combination with known imaging and invasive diagnostic techniques, should be utilized to define more precise pathophysiologic subtypes of ANOCA in women, which will in turn help to identify targeted, effective therapies. A precision medicine-based approach to managing ANOCA incorporating these techniques in women has the potential to significantly improve their clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Hosadurg
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Kelsey Watts
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Shuo Wang
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Kelly E. Wingerter
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Angela M. Taylor
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Todd C. Villines
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Amit R. Patel
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jamieson M. Bourque
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jonathan R. Lindner
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Christopher M. Kramer
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Garima Sharma
- INOVA Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Patricia F. Rodriguez Lozano
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Prasad P, Nagappan R, Davidson BP, Wei K, Hodovan J, Lindner JR, Steiner J. Cardiac allograft vasculopathy diagnosed by vasodilator myocardial contrast echocardiography perfusion imaging. ESC Heart Fail 2023; 10:3184-3189. [PMID: 37401366 PMCID: PMC10567634 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) remains a common long-term complication of cardiac transplantation. While invasive coronary angiography is considered the gold standard, it is also invasive and lacks sensitivity to detect early, distal CAV. Although vasodilator stress myocardial contrast echocardiography perfusion imaging (MCE) is used in the detection of microvascular disease in non-transplant patients, there is little data guiding its use in transplant recipients. Herein is a case series of four heart transplant recipients that had vasodilator stress MCE performed in addition to invasive coronary angiography for CAV surveillance. MCE at rest and after regadenason was performed using a continuous infusion of lipid-shelled microbubbles. We describe a case of normal microvascular function, diffuse microvascular dysfunction, patchy sub-endocardial perfusion defects and a focal sub-endocardial perfusion defect. Cardiac allograft vasculopathy can be heralded by several different perfusion patterns on MCE in patients after orthotopic heart transplant. The varying prognoses and potential interventions for these different patterns require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kevin Wei
- Oregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandORUSA
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Xia Y, Chen A, Lu D, Jin J, Yin M, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Ma J, Deng L, Zhang P, Li S, Yang H, Li C, Lu H, Chen Z, Qian J, Ge J. Lipidome, central carbon metabolites, and sleep rhythm in coronary heart disease with nontraditional risks: An exploratory pilot study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14827. [PMID: 37025865 PMCID: PMC10070923 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Altered lipid, energy metabolism and sleep disorders had been linked with coronary heart disease (CHD), however, the metabolic signatures and sleep rhythm in non-obstructive coronary atherosclerosis-CHD remain unclear. This pilot study aims to investigate the lipidome and central carbon metabolites profiles and associated sleep characteristics among CHD patients without traditional risk factors. Methods From January to July 2021, 15 CHD patients and 15 healthy controls were randomly selected from the cardiology unit of Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai. A total of 464 lipids and 45 central carbon metabolites (CCM) were quantified in blood plasma. Metabolic signatures were selected through orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to link the profiles of identified metabolites with CHD risk, sleep patterns, cardiometabolic traits and cardiac electrophysiologic parameters. Results Using OPLS-DA, we identified 40 metabolites (variable influence on projection >1) that were altered in CHD patients, with 38 lipids, including 25 triacylglycerols (TAGs), 8 diacylglycerols (DAGs), being elevated and two CCM metabolites (i.e., succinic acid and glycolic acid) being reduced. Using PCA, four principal components (PCs) were identified and associated with increased risk of CHD. Specifically, one standard unit increasement in the PC that was characterized by high levels of DAG (18:1) and low succinic acid and the PC that was characterized by high levels of two sphingomyelins [SM (26:0) and SM (24:0)] was associated with 21% [odds ratio (OR) = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.02,1.43] and 14% (OR = 1.14,1.02,1.29) increased risk of CHD, respectively. Further regression analyses confirmed that the identified metabolites and the four PCs were positively associated with TG and ALT. Interestingly, glycolic acid was negatively associated with sleep quality and PSQI. Participants with night sleep mode tended to have a high level of the identified lipids, especially FFA (20:4). Conclusion In the present pilot study, our findings provide clues on alterations of lipid and energy metabolism in CHD patients without traditional risk factors, with multiple triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols metabolites seemingly elevated and certain nonlipids metabolites (e.g., succinic acid and glycolic acid) decreased in cases. Considering the limit sample size, further studies are warranted to confirm our results.
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Wang W, Song L. Landscape of lipidomics in cardiovascular medicine from 2012 to 2021: A systematic bibliometric analysis and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32599. [PMID: 36596038 PMCID: PMC9803420 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipidomics has shaped our knowledge of how lipids play a central role in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), whereas there is a lack of a summary of existing research findings. This study performed a bibliometric analysis of lipidomics research in cardiovascular medicine to reveal the core countries, institutions, key researchers, important references, major journals, research hotspots and frontiers in this field. From 2012 to 2021, a total of 761 articles were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database. There is a steady increase of publications yearly. The United States and China are on the top of the list regarding article output. The institutions with the most publications were the Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Harvard Medical School. Peter J Meikle was both the most published and most co-cited author. The major journal in this field is Journal of lipid research. Keyword co-occurrence analysis indicated that coronary heart disease, mass spectrometry, risk, fatty acid, and insulin resistance have become hot topics in this field and keyword burst detection suggests that metabolomics, activation, liver, low density lipoprotein are the frontiers of research in recent years. Collectively, lipidomics in CVD is still in its infancy with a steady increase yearly. More in-depth studies in this area are warranted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- * Correspondence: Wenting Wang, Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 208 Huancheng East Road, Hangzhou 310003, China (e-mail: )
| | - Lei Song
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Azimzadeh O, Moertl S, Ramadan R, Baselet B, Laiakis EC, Sebastian S, Beaton D, Hartikainen JM, Kaiser JC, Beheshti A, Salomaa S, Chauhan V, Hamada N. Application of radiation omics in the development of adverse outcome pathway networks: an example of radiation-induced cardiovascular disease. Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 98:1722-1751. [PMID: 35976069 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have indicated that exposure of the heart to doses of ionizing radiation as low as 0.5 Gy increases the risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality with a latency period of decades. The damaging effects of radiation to myocardial and endothelial structures and functions have been confirmed radiobiologically at high dose, but much less is known at low dose. Integration of radiation biology and epidemiology data is a recommended approach to improve the radiation risk assessment process. The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework offers a comprehensive tool to compile and translate mechanistic information into pathological endpoints which may be relevant for risk assessment at the different levels of a biological system. Omics technologies enable the generation of large volumes of biological data at various levels of complexity, from molecular pathways to functional organisms. Given the quality and quantity of available data across levels of biology, omics data can be attractive sources of information for use within the AOP framework. It is anticipated that radiation omics studies could improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the adverse effects of radiation on the cardiovascular system. In this review, we explored the available omics studies on radiation-induced cardiovascular disease (CVD) and their applicability to the proposed AOP for CVD. RESULTS The results of 80 omics studies published on radiation-induced CVD over the past 20 years have been discussed in the context of the AOP of CVD proposed by Chauhan et al. Most of the available omics data on radiation-induced CVD are from proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, whereas few datasets were available from epigenomics and multi-omics. The omics data presented here show great promise in providing information for several key events of the proposed AOP of CVD, particularly oxidative stress, alterations of energy metabolism, extracellular matrix and vascular remodeling. CONCLUSIONS The omics data presented here shows promise to inform the various levels of the proposed AOP of CVD. However, the data highlight the urgent need of designing omics studies to address the knowledge gap concerning different radiation scenarios, time after exposure and experimental models. This review presents the evidence to build a qualitative omics-informed AOP and provides views on the potential benefits and challenges in using omics data to assess risk-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Azimzadeh
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Section Radiation Biology, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simone Moertl
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS), Section Radiation Biology, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Raghda Ramadan
- Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Bjorn Baselet
- Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Evagelia C Laiakis
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | | | | | - Jaana M Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, and Translational Cancer Research Area, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan Christian Kaiser
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Radiation Medicine (HMGU-IRM), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Afshin Beheshti
- KBR, Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Sisko Salomaa
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vinita Chauhan
- Environmental Health Science Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nobuyuki Hamada
- Biology and Environmental Chemistry Division, Sustainable System Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), Komae, Tokyo 201-8511, Japan
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Keeley EC, Handberg EM, Wei J, Merz CNB, Pepine CJ. Coronary microvascular dysfunction as a chronic inflammatory state: Is there a role for omega-3 fatty acid treatment? AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL PLUS : CARDIOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2022; 13:100098. [PMID: 38560085 PMCID: PMC10978178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2022.100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Coronary microvascular dysfunction is a ubiquitous pathologic process that is operational in ischemia with no obstructive coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular disorders including heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. It may, in fact, be a manifestation of a multi-systemic condition of small vessel dysfunction that also affects the brain and kidneys. While the pathophysiology driving coronary microvascular dysfunction is multifactorial, chronic inflammation plays an important role. Resolution of inflammation is an active process mediated, in part, by a family of locally active mediators biosynthesized from omega-3 fatty acids, collectively referred to as specialized pro-resolving mediators. Omega-3 fatty acid treatment modulates inflammation and is associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes and attenuation of plaque progression on cardiovascular imaging. Whether omega-3 fatty acid treatment attenuates coronary microvascular dysfunction is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen C. Keeley
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Eileen M. Handberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Janet Wei
- Barbra Streisand Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - C. Noel Bairey Merz
- Barbra Streisand Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Carl J. Pepine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
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