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Kartal B, Alimogullari E, Elçi P, Fatsa T, Ören S. The effects of Quercetin on wound healing in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Cell Tissue Bank 2024:10.1007/s10561-024-10144-1. [PMID: 38944663 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-024-10144-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
An injury that affects the integrity of the skin, either inside or externally, is called a wound. Damaged tissue is repaired by a set of cellular and molecular mechanisms known as wound healing. Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, may hasten the healing of wounds. The study's objective was to investigate any potential impacts of quercetin on the wound-healing process. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated to varying dose ranges of quercetin (5-320 nM) for 24 and 48 h. Cultured cells were evaluated by using the MTT analysis, wound scratch assay and vascular tube formation. Furthermore the gene expression of VEGF and FGF were evaluated by qRT-PCR to determine the effects of quercetin on angiogenezis and wound repair. Positive effects of quercetin on cellular viability were demonstrated by the MTT experiment. In HUVECs quercetin promoted tube formation, migration, and proliferation while also averting wound breakage. Moreover, quercetin increased the expression of the FGF and VEGF genes, which aid in the healing of wounds in HUVECs. Quercetin may be bioactive molecule that successfully speeds up wound healing by regulating the vasculogenezis and healing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Kartal
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi: Ankara Yildirim Beyazit Universitesi Ankara, Çankaya, Turkey.
| | - Ebru Alimogullari
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi: Ankara Yildirim Beyazit Universitesi Ankara, Çankaya, Turkey
| | - Pınar Elçi
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi: Ankara Yildirim Beyazit Universitesi Ankara, Çankaya, Turkey
| | - Tugba Fatsa
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi: Ankara Yildirim Beyazit Universitesi Ankara, Çankaya, Turkey
| | - Sema Ören
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi: Ankara Yildirim Beyazit Universitesi Ankara, Çankaya, Turkey
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Poudel S, Kaffash E, Zhao L, Pangeni R, Chow WN, Xu Q. Dexamethasone sodium phosphate loaded nanoparticles for prevention of nitrogen mustard induced corneal injury. Exp Eye Res 2024; 243:109902. [PMID: 38641196 PMCID: PMC11184523 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen mustard (NM) is a potent vesicating chemical warfare agent that is primarily absorbed through skin, inhalation, or ocular surface. Ocular exposure of NM can cause acute to chronic keratopathy which can eventually lead to blindness. There is a current lack of effective countermeasures against ocular exposure of NM despite their imperative need. Herein, we aim to explore the sustained effect of Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP)-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (PLGA-DSP-NP) following a single subconjunctival injection in the management and prevention of corneal injury progression upon exposure to NM. DSP is an FDA approved corticosteroid with proven anti-inflammatory properties. We formulated PLGA-DSP-NP with zinc chelation ion bridging method using PLGA polymer, with particles of approximately 250 nm and a drug loading of 6.5 wt%. Under in vitro sink conditions, PLGA-DSP-NP exhibited a sustained drug release for two weeks. Notably, in NM injured cornea, a single subconjunctival (SCT) injection of PLGA-DSP-NP outperformed DSP eyedrops (0.1%), DSP solution, placebo NP, and saline, significantly mitigating corneal neovascularization, ulceration, and opacity for the two weeks study period. Through PLGA-DSP-NP injection, sustained DSP release hindered inflammatory cytokine recruitment, angiogenic factors, and endothelial cell proliferation in the cornea. This strategy presents a promising localized corticosteroid delivery system to effectively combat NM-induced corneal injury, offering insights into managing vesicant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagun Poudel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Ehsan Kaffash
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Rudra Pangeni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Woon Nam Chow
- Department of Ophthalmology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Qingguo Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery & Development (ISB3D), Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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McKay TB, Emmitte KA, German C, Karamichos D. Quercetin and Related Analogs as Therapeutics to Promote Tissue Repair. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1127. [PMID: 37892857 PMCID: PMC10604618 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a polyphenol of the flavonoid class of secondary metabolites that is widely distributed in the plant kingdom. Quercetin has been found to exhibit potent bioactivity in the areas of wound healing, neuroprotection, and anti-aging research. Naturally found in highly glycosylated forms, aglycone quercetin has low solubility in aqueous environments, which has heavily limited its clinical applications. To improve the stability and bioavailability of quercetin, efforts have been made to chemically modify quercetin and related flavonoids so as to improve aqueous solubility while retaining bioactivity. In this review, we provide an updated overview of the biological properties of quercetin and proposed mechanisms of actions in the context of wound healing and aging. We also provide a description of recent developments in synthetic approaches to improve the solubility and stability of quercetin and related analogs for therapeutic applications. Further research in these areas is expected to enable translational applications to improve ocular wound healing and tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina B. McKay
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
| | - Kyle A. Emmitte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
| | - Carrie German
- CFD Research Corporation, Computational Biology Division, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA;
| | - Dimitrios Karamichos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Zulkefli N, Che Zahari CNM, Sayuti NH, Kamarudin AA, Saad N, Hamezah HS, Bunawan H, Baharum SN, Mediani A, Ahmed QU, Ismail AFH, Sarian MN. Flavonoids as Potential Wound-Healing Molecules: Emphasis on Pathways Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054607. [PMID: 36902038 PMCID: PMC10003005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Wounds are considered to be a serious problem that affects the healthcare sector in many countries, primarily due to diabetes and obesity. Wounds become worse because of unhealthy lifestyles and habits. Wound healing is a complicated physiological process that is essential for restoring the epithelial barrier after an injury. Numerous studies have reported that flavonoids possess wound-healing properties due to their well-acclaimed anti-inflammatory, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, and antioxidant effects. They have been shown to be able to act on the wound-healing process via expression of biomarkers respective to the pathways that mainly include Wnt/β-catenin, Hippo, Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β), Hedgehog, c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase (JNK), NF-E2-related factor 2/antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2/ARE), Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB), MAPK/ERK, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, Nitric oxide (NO) pathways, etc. Hence, we have compiled existing evidence on the manipulation of flavonoids towards achieving skin wound healing, together with current limitations and future perspectives in support of these polyphenolic compounds as safe wound-healing agents, in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabilah Zulkefli
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Nor Hafiza Sayuti
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ammar Akram Kamarudin
- UKM Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norazalina Saad
- Laboratory of Cancer Research UPM-MAKNA (CANRES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamizah Shahirah Hamezah
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamidun Bunawan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syarul Nataqain Baharum
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Qamar Uddin Ahmed
- Drug Discovery and Synthetic Chemistry Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Fahmi Harun Ismail
- Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (A.F.H.I.); (M.N.S.)
| | - Murni Nazira Sarian
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (A.F.H.I.); (M.N.S.)
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Shu DY, Chaudhary S, Cho KS, Lennikov A, Miller WP, Thorn DC, Yang M, McKay TB. Role of Oxidative Stress in Ocular Diseases: A Balancing Act. Metabolites 2023; 13:187. [PMID: 36837806 PMCID: PMC9960073 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox homeostasis is a delicate balancing act of maintaining appropriate levels of antioxidant defense mechanisms and reactive oxidizing oxygen and nitrogen species. Any disruption of this balance leads to oxidative stress, which is a key pathogenic factor in several ocular diseases. In this review, we present the current evidence for oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in conditions affecting both the anterior segment (e.g., dry eye disease, keratoconus, cataract) and posterior segment (age-related macular degeneration, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma) of the human eye. We posit that further development of therapeutic interventions to promote pro-regenerative responses and maintenance of the redox balance may delay or prevent the progression of these major ocular pathologies. Continued efforts in this field will not only yield a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of ocular diseases but also enable the identification of novel druggable redox targets and antioxidant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Y. Shu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Suman Chaudhary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kin-Sang Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anton Lennikov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - William P. Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - David C. Thorn
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Menglu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tina B. McKay
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Criollo-Mendoza MS, Contreras-Angulo LA, Leyva-López N, Gutiérrez-Grijalva EP, Jiménez-Ortega LA, Heredia JB. Wound Healing Properties of Natural Products: Mechanisms of Action. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020598. [PMID: 36677659 PMCID: PMC9867334 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A wound is the loss of the normal integrity, structure, and functions of the skin due to a physical, chemical, or mechanical agent. Wound repair consists of an orderly and complex process divided into four phases: coagulation, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The potential of natural products in the treatment of wounds has been reported in numerous studies, emphasizing those with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, e.g., alkaloids, saponins, terpenes, essential oils, and polyphenols from different plant sources, since these compounds can interact in the various stages of the wound healing process. This review addresses the most current in vitro and in vivo studies on the wound healing potential of natural products, as well as the main mechanisms involved in this activity. We observed sufficient evidence of the activity of these compounds in the treatment of wounds; however, we also found that there is no consensus on the effective concentrations in which the natural products exert this activity. For this reason, it is important to work on establishing optimal treatment doses, as well as an appropriate route of administration. In addition, more research should be carried out to discover the possible side effects and the behavior of natural products in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn S. Criollo-Mendoza
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo el Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
| | - Laura A. Contreras-Angulo
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo el Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
| | - Nayely Leyva-López
- Post-Doc. CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo El Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
| | - Erick P. Gutiérrez-Grijalva
- Cátedras CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo El Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
| | - Luis Alfonso Jiménez-Ortega
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo el Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
| | - J. Basilio Heredia
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo el Diez, Culiacán CP 80110, SI, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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