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Noleto-Dias C, Lomax C, Bellisai A, Ruvo G, Harflett C, Macalpine WJ, Hanley SJ, Beale MH, Ward JL. Breeding Novel Chemistry in Willow: New Hetero Diels-Alder Cyclodimers from Arbusculoidin and Salicortin Suggest Parallel Biosynthetic Pathways. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1609. [PMID: 38931042 PMCID: PMC11207313 DOI: 10.3390/plants13121609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
An investigation of phenolic glycosides extracted from Salix germplasm revealed that arbusculoidin (benzyl 1-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-1-hydroxy-6-oxo-2-cyclohexenyl carboxylate) and its enolic 6-glycoside isomer, isoarbusculoidin, are widespread across the Salix family. An analysis of natural hybrid species and progeny from a willow breeding programme demonstrated that the putative biosynthetic pathway leading to the salicinoid family of phenolic glycosides runs in parallel to a "benzyl"-based pathway to arbusculoidin. The introduction of a known Diels-Alder reaction trait from Salix dasyclados, as well as an acylation trait, into progeny containing both salicyl- and benzyl- pathways caused the formation of all possible hetero-cyclodimers from mixtures of reactive dienone (acyl)glycosides that participated in cross-over reactions. In addition to providing access to new analogues of the anti-cancer dimer miyabeacin, the analysis of the breeding progeny also indicated that these dienone (acyl)glycosides are stable in planta. Although the immediate biosynthetic precursors of these compounds remain to be defined, the results suggest that the (acyl)glycosylation reactions may occur later in the pathway than previously suggested by in vitro work on cloned UGT enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice Noleto-Dias
- Plant Sciences & the Bioeconomy, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Charlotte Lomax
- Plant Sciences & the Bioeconomy, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Alice Bellisai
- Plant Sciences & the Bioeconomy, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Gianluca Ruvo
- Plant Sciences & the Bioeconomy, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Claudia Harflett
- Plant Sciences & the Bioeconomy, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - William J. Macalpine
- Protecting Crops and the Environment, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK;
| | - Steven J. Hanley
- Plant Sciences & the Bioeconomy, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Michael H. Beale
- Plant Sciences & the Bioeconomy, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Jane L. Ward
- Plant Sciences & the Bioeconomy, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UK
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Polcaro LM, Samani MR, Piacente S, Masullo M. Development of a New Extraction Method for Pomegranate and Metabolite Profiling by a LC-MS and 1H NMR Combined Approach. Foods 2024; 13:1429. [PMID: 38790729 PMCID: PMC11120047 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) market has steadily grown due to the increasing demand of health-conscious consumers of products with health-promoting effects. Recently, a growing interest in developing ecological and environmentally friendly extraction methods has led to investigating extraction procedures to obtain a higher extraction yield using a lower amount of solvents and energy. Herein, a new extraction procedure was developed to obtain an enriched pomegranate food supplement by using the peels of pomegranate, cultivar "Dente di Cavallo" and its juice. The extraction was performed through a non-conventional extraction technique like SLDE-Naviglio using ethanol and pomegranate juice as a solvent, and peels as a matrix. The extract was analysed by a combined approach based on LCESI/QExactive/MS/MS and NMR analysis, and its chemical profile was compared with those of pomegranate juice and of the extract obtained from peels by SLDE-Naviglio by using ethanol:H2O. The LC-MS analysis highlighted the presence of hydrolysable tannins, flavonoids, ellagic acid and phenol glucoside derivatives, while 1H NMR analysis completed the profile by detecting the primary metabolites. The LC-MS and 1H NMR analysis indicated that the extract obtained by SLDE-Naviglio using ethanol and pomegranate juice was enriched in the bioactives as confirmed by the highest phenolic, tannin and flavonoid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Maria Polcaro
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (L.M.P.); (M.R.S.); (M.M.)
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Marzieh Rahmani Samani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (L.M.P.); (M.R.S.); (M.M.)
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II n. 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (L.M.P.); (M.R.S.); (M.M.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Milena Masullo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (L.M.P.); (M.R.S.); (M.M.)
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Kılınc H, D’Urso G, Paolillo A, Alankus O, Piacente S, Masullo M. LC-MS and NMR Based Plant Metabolomics: A Comprehensive Phytochemical Investigation of Symphytum anatolicum. Metabolites 2023; 13:1051. [PMID: 37887376 PMCID: PMC10608505 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of metabolomics to the study of plants is growing because of the current development of analytical techniques. The most commonly used analytical technology driving plant metabolomics studies is Mass Spectrometry (MS) coupled to liquid chromatography (LC). In recent years, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, not requiring a previous chromatographic separation, has been receiving growing attention for metabolite fingerprinting of natural extracts. Herein, an integrated LC-MS and 1H NMR metabolomic approach provided a comprehensive phytochemical characterization of Symphytum anatolicum whole plant, taking into account both primary and specialized metabolites. Moreover, the NMR analyses provided direct quantitative information. Species belonging to the Symphytum genus, known as comfrey, have shown several biological activities including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hepatoprotective, antifungal, and antibacterial. The LC-MS profile showed the presence of 21 main specialized metabolites, belonging to the classes of flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, salvianols, and oxylipins. The 1H NMR spectrum revealed the occurrence of metabolites including organic acids, phenolics, flavonoids, sugars, and amino acids. A quantitative analysis of these metabolites was performed and their concentration was obtained with respect to the known concentration of TSP, by means of the software package Chenomx which allows quantification of individual components in the NMR spectra. Furthermore, the phenolic content, antioxidant activity, glucosidase, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of S. anatolicum extract were evaluated. The resulting bioactivity profile suggests how S. anatolicum represents a source of metabolites with health-promoting activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Kılınc
- Department of Geological Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Buca, 35370 İzmir, Turkey;
| | - Gilda D’Urso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (G.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Annunziata Paolillo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (G.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Ozgen Alankus
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (G.D.); (M.M.)
| | - Milena Masullo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (G.D.); (M.M.)
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Rapid screening of secondary aromatic metabolites in Populus trichocarpa leaves. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:41. [PMID: 36899393 PMCID: PMC9999501 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02287-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-throughput metabolomics analytical methodology is needed for population-scale studies of bioenergy-relevant feedstocks such as poplar (Populus sp.). Here, the authors report the relative abundance of extractable aromatic metabolites in Populus trichocarpa leaves rapidly estimated using pyrolysis-molecular beam mass spectrometry (py-MBMS). Poplar leaves were analyzed in conjunction with and validated by GC/MS analysis of extracts to determine key spectral features used to build PLS models to predict the relative composition of extractable aromatic metabolites in whole poplar leaves. RESULTS The Pearson correlation coefficient for the relative abundance of extractable aromatic metabolites based on ranking between GC/MS analysis and py-MBMS analysis of the Boardman leaf set was 0.86 with R2 = 0.76 using a simplified prediction approach from select ions in MBMS spectra. Metabolites most influential to py-MBMS spectral features in the Clatskanie set included the following compounds: catechol, salicortin, salicyloyl-coumaroyl-glucoside conjugates, α-salicyloylsalicin, tremulacin, as well as other salicylates, trichocarpin, salicylic acid, and various tremuloidin conjugates. Ions in py-MBMS spectra with the highest correlation to the abundance of extractable aromatic metabolites as determined by GC/MS analysis of extracts, included m/z 68, 71, 77, 91, 94, 105, 107, 108, and 122, and were used to develop the simplified prediction approach without PLS models or a priori measurements. CONCLUSIONS The simplified py-MBMS method is capable of rapidly screening leaf tissue for relative abundance of extractable aromatic secondary metabolites to enable prioritization of samples in large populations requiring comprehensive metabolomics that will ultimately inform plant systems biology models and advance the development of optimized biomass feedstocks for renewable fuels and chemicals.
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Ward JL, Wu Y, Harflett C, Onafuye H, Corol D, Lomax C, Macalpine WJ, Cinatl J, Wass MN, Michaelis M, Beale MH. Miyabeacin: A new cyclodimer presents a potential role for willow in cancer therapy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6477. [PMID: 32296088 PMCID: PMC7160102 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Willow (Salix spp.) is well known as a source of medicinal compounds, the most famous being salicin, the progenitor of aspirin. Here we describe the isolation, structure determination, and anti-cancer activity of a cyclodimeric salicinoid (miyabeacin) from S. miyabeana and S. dasyclados. We also show that the capability to produce such dimers is a heritable trait and how variation in structures of natural miyabeacin analogues is derived via cross-over Diels-Alder reactions from pools of ortho-quinol precursors. These transient ortho-quinols have a role in the, as yet uncharacterised, biosynthetic pathways around salicortin, the major salicinoid of many willow genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane L Ward
- Computational and Analytical Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK.
| | - Yanqi Wu
- Computational and Analytical Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
- Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Claudia Harflett
- Computational and Analytical Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Hannah Onafuye
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Delia Corol
- Computational and Analytical Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Charlotte Lomax
- Computational and Analytical Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - William J Macalpine
- Computational and Analytical Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Jindrich Cinatl
- Institute for Medical Virology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mark N Wass
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Martin Michaelis
- Industrial Biotechnology Centre and School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Michael H Beale
- Computational and Analytical Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK.
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Noleto-Dias C, Wu Y, Bellisai A, Macalpine W, Beale MH, Ward JL. Phenylalkanoid Glycosides (Non-Salicinoids) from Wood Chips of Salix triandra × dasyclados Hybrid Willow. Molecules 2019; 24:E1152. [PMID: 30909533 PMCID: PMC6470679 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salix triandra (almond leaved willow) is an established crop, grown in coppicing regimes for basket-making materials. It is known as a source of non-salicinoid phenolic glycosides, such as triandrin and salidroside. A spontaneous natural hybrid of S. triandra and S. dasyclados was subjected to metabolite profiling by high resolution LC-MS, and 22 phenolic glycosides, including 18 that are new to the Salicaceae, were identified. Structures were determined by HPLC isolation and NMR methods. The hybridisation process has introduced novel chemistry into the Salix phenolic glycoside palette, in particular, the ability to generate disaccharide conjugates where the glycosyl group is further extended by a range of sugars, including apiose, rhamnose, xylose, and arabinose. Also of note is the appearance of chavicol derivatives, also not previously seen in Salix spp. The work demonstrates the plasticity of the phenolic glycoside biosynthetic pathway, and the potential to improve established crops such as S. triandra and S. dasyclados, via high-value metabolites, for both basketry and bioenergy markets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanqi Wu
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
| | - Alice Bellisai
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
| | - William Macalpine
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
| | - Michael H Beale
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
| | - Jane L Ward
- Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
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Deborde C, Fontaine JX, Jacob D, Botana A, Nicaise V, Richard-Forget F, Lecomte S, Decourtil C, Hamade K, Mesnard F, Moing A, Molinié R. Optimizing 1D 1H-NMR profiling of plant samples for high throughput analysis: extract preparation, standardization, automation and spectra processing. Metabolomics 2019; 15:28. [PMID: 30830443 PMCID: PMC6394467 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1488-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR)-based metabolomic profiling has a range of applications in plant sciences. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present work is to provide advice for minimizing uncontrolled variability in plant sample preparation before and during NMR metabolomic profiling, taking into account sample composition, including its specificity in terms of pH and paramagnetic ion concentrations, and NMR spectrometer performances. METHODS An automation of spectrometer preparation routine standardization before NMR acquisition campaign was implemented and tested on three plant sample sets (extracts of durum wheat spikelet, Arabidopsis leaf and root, and flax leaf, root and stem). We performed 1H-NMR spectroscopy in three different sites on the wheat sample set utilizing instruments from two manufacturers with different probes and magnetic field strengths. The three collections of spectra were processed separately with the NMRProcFlow web tool using intelligent bucketing, and the resulting buckets were subjected to multivariate analysis. RESULTS Comparability of large- (Arabidopsis) and medium-size (flax) datasets measured at 600 MHz and from the wheat sample set recorded at the three sites (400, 500 and 600 MHz) was exceptionally good in terms of spectral quality. The coefficient of variation of the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of two selected peaks was comprised between 5 and 10% depending on the size of sample set and the spectrometer field. EDTA addition improved citrate and malate resonance patterns for wheat sample sets. A collection of 22 samples of wheat spikelet extracts was used as a proof of concept and showed that the data collected at the three sites on instruments of different field strengths and manufacturers yielded the same discrimination pattern of the biological groups. CONCLUSION Standardization or automation of several steps from extract preparation to data reduction improves data quality for small to large collections of plant samples of different origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Deborde
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome du Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, IBVM, Centre INRA de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Jean-Xavier Fontaine
- BIOPI - EA 3900, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, 1, rue des Louvels, 80037 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Daniel Jacob
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome du Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, IBVM, Centre INRA de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Adolfo Botana
- JEOL UK, Silver Court, Watchmead Road, Welwyn Garden City, AL7 1LT UK
| | - Valérie Nicaise
- UR1264 MycSA, INRA, Centre INRA de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Florence Richard-Forget
- UR1264 MycSA, INRA, Centre INRA de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Lecomte
- BIOPI - EA 3900, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, 1, rue des Louvels, 80037 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Cédric Decourtil
- BIOPI - EA 3900, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, 1, rue des Louvels, 80037 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Kamar Hamade
- BIOPI - EA 3900, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, 1, rue des Louvels, 80037 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - François Mesnard
- BIOPI - EA 3900, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, 1, rue des Louvels, 80037 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Annick Moing
- UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome du Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, IBVM, Centre INRA de Nouvelle Aquitaine Bordeaux, av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Roland Molinié
- BIOPI - EA 3900, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, 1, rue des Louvels, 80037 Amiens Cedex, France
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Identification of primary and secondary metabolites and transcriptome profile of soybean tissues during different stages of hypoxia. Data Brief 2018; 21:1089-1100. [PMID: 30450404 PMCID: PMC6226558 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.09.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
NMR and chromatography methods combined with mass spectrometry are the most important analytical techniques employed for plant metabolomics screening. Metabolomic analysis integrated to transcriptome screening add an important extra dimension to the information flow from DNA to RNA to protein. The most useful NMR experiment in metabolomics analysis is the proton spectra due the high receptivity of 1H and important structural information, through proton-proton scalar coupling. Routinely, databases have been used in identification of primary metabolites, however, there is currently no comparable data for identification of secondary metabolites, mainly, due to signal overlap in normal 1H NMR spectra and natural variation of plant. Related to spectra overlap, alternatively, better resolution can be find using 1H pure shift and 2D NMR pulse sequence in complex samples due to spreading the resonances in a second dimension. Thus, in data brief we provide a catalogue of metabolites and expression levels of genes identified in soy leaves and roots under flooding stress.
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Noleto-Dias C, Ward JL, Bellisai A, Lomax C, Beale MH. Salicin-7-sulfate: A new salicinoid from willow and implications for herbal medicine. Fitoterapia 2018; 127:166-172. [PMID: 29447984 PMCID: PMC5999357 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Willow (Salix sp.) is a historically well-known herbal medicine that provided the lead compound (salicin) for the discovery of aspirin, one of the most successful plant derived drugs in human medicine. During a metabolomics screen of 86 Salix species contained in the UK National Willow Collection, we have discovered, isolated and fully characterised a new natural salicinoid – salicin-7-sulfate. This molecule may have important human pharmacological actions that need to be considered in determining the efficacy and safety of willow herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice Noleto-Dias
- Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Jane L Ward
- Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Alice Bellisai
- Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Charlotte Lomax
- Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Michael H Beale
- Department of Computational and Analytical Sciences, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
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Deborde C, Moing A, Roch L, Jacob D, Rolin D, Giraudeau P. Plant metabolism as studied by NMR spectroscopy. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 102-103:61-97. [PMID: 29157494 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The study of plant metabolism impacts a broad range of domains such as plant cultural practices, plant breeding, human or animal nutrition, phytochemistry and green biotechnologies. Plant metabolites are extremely diverse in terms of structure or compound families as well as concentrations. This review attempts to illustrate how NMR spectroscopy, with its broad variety of experimental approaches, has contributed widely to the study of plant primary or specialized metabolism in very diverse ways. The review presents recent developments of one-dimensional and multi-dimensional NMR methods to study various aspects of plant metabolism. Through recent examples, it highlights how NMR has proved to be an invaluable tool for the global characterization of sample composition within metabolomic studies, and shows some examples of use for targeted phytochemistry, with a special focus on compound identification and quantitation. In such cases, NMR approaches are often used to provide snapshots of the plant sample composition. The review also covers dynamic aspects of metabolism, with a description of NMR techniques to measure metabolic fluxes - in most cases after stable isotope labelling. It is mainly intended for NMR specialists who would be interested to learn more about the potential of their favourite technique in plant sciences and about specific details of NMR approaches in this field. Therefore, as a practical guide, a paragraph on the specific precautions that should be taken for sample preparation is also included. In addition, since the quality of NMR metabolic studies is highly dependent on approaches to data processing and data sharing, a specific part is dedicated to these aspects. The review concludes with perspectives on the emerging methods that could change significantly the role of NMR in the field of plant metabolism by boosting its sensitivity. The review is illustrated throughout with examples of studies selected to represent diverse applications of liquid-state or HR-MAS NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Deborde
- INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux - MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Annick Moing
- INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux - MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Léa Roch
- INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux - MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Jacob
- INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux - MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Dominique Rolin
- Plateforme Métabolome Bordeaux - MetaboHUB, Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, IBVM, Centre INRA Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Univ. Bordeaux, UMR1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, 71 av Edouard Bourlaux, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Patrick Giraudeau
- Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), UMR 6230, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Faculté des Sciences, BP 92208, 2 rue de la Houssinière, F-44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France.
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Greenslade A, Ward J, Martin J, Corol D, Clark S, Smart L, Aradottir G. Triticum monococcum lines with distinct metabolic phenotypes and phloem-based partial resistance to the bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi. THE ANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY 2016; 168:435-449. [PMID: 27570248 PMCID: PMC4982108 DOI: 10.1111/aab.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Crop protection is an integral part of establishing food security, by protecting the yield potential of crops. Cereal aphids cause yield losses by direct damage and transmission of viruses. Some wild relatives of wheat show resistance to aphids but the mechanisms remain unresolved. In order to elucidate the location of the partial resistance to the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi, in diploid wheat lines of Triticum monococcum, we conducted aphid performance studies using developmental bioassays and electrical penetration graphs, as well as metabolic profiling of partially resistant and susceptible lines. This demonstrated that the partial resistance is related to a delayed effect on the reproduction and development of R. padi. The observed partial resistance is phloem based and is shown by an increase in number of probes before the first phloem ingestion, a higher number and duration of salivation events without subsequent phloem feeding and a shorter time spent phloem feeding on plants with reduced susceptibility. Clear metabolic phenotypes separate partially resistant and susceptible lines, with the former having lower levels of the majority of primary metabolites, including total carbohydrates. A number of compounds were identified as being at different levels in the susceptible and partially resistant lines, with asparagine, octopamine and glycine betaine elevated in less susceptible lines without aphid infestation. In addition, two of those, asparagine and octopamine, as well as threonine, glutamine, succinate, trehalose, glycerol, guanosine and choline increased in response to infestation, accumulating in plant tissue localised close to aphid feeding after 24 h. There was no clear evidence of systemic plant response to aphid infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.F.C. Greenslade
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 5JQUK
| | - J.L. Ward
- Department of Plant Biology and Crop ScienceRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 5JQUK
| | - J.L. Martin
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 5JQUK
| | - D.I. Corol
- Department of Plant Biology and Crop ScienceRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 5JQUK
| | - S.J. Clark
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologyRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 2JQUK
| | - L.E. Smart
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 5JQUK
| | - G.I. Aradottir
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 5JQUK
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Wu Y, Dobermann D, Beale MH, Ward JL. Acutifoliside, a novel benzoic acid glycoside from Salix acutifolia. Nat Prod Res 2016; 30:1731-9. [PMID: 26820172 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1137571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) profiling of a polar solvent extract of juvenile stem tissue of Salix acutifolia Willd. identified a range of phenolic metabolites. Salicortin, 1, a well-known salicinoid, was the major compound present and the study identified young stem tissue of this species as a potential source of this compound for future studies. Three further known metabolites (salicin 2, catechin 3 and tremuloidin 4) were also present. The UHPLC-MS analysis also revealed the presence of a further, less polar, unknown compound, which was isolated via HPLC peak collection. The structure was elucidated by high-resolution mass spectroscopic analysis, 1- and 2-D NMR analysis and chemical derivatisation and was shown to be a novel benzoic acid glycoside 5, which we have named as acutifoliside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Wu
- a Department of Plant Biology and Crop Science , Rothamsted Research , Harpenden , UK
| | - Darja Dobermann
- a Department of Plant Biology and Crop Science , Rothamsted Research , Harpenden , UK
| | - Michael H Beale
- a Department of Plant Biology and Crop Science , Rothamsted Research , Harpenden , UK
| | - Jane L Ward
- a Department of Plant Biology and Crop Science , Rothamsted Research , Harpenden , UK
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