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Bu T, Kim S. Development of metabolome extraction strategy for metabolite profiling of skin tissue. Metabolomics 2024; 20:48. [PMID: 38683208 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-024-02120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Changes in skin phenotypic characteristics are based on skin tissue. The study of the metabolic changes in skin tissue can help understand the causes of skin diseases and identify effective therapeutic interventions. OBJECTIVES We aimed to establish and optimize a non-targeted skin metabolome extraction system for skin tissue metabolomics with high metabolite coverage, recovery, and reproducibility using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. METHODS The metabolites in skin tissues were extracted using eleven different extraction systems, which were designed using reagents with different polarities based on sequential solid-liquid extraction employing a two-step strategy and analyzed using gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry. The extraction efficiency of diverse solvents was evaluated by coefficient of variation (CV), multivariate analysis, metabolites coverage, and relative peak area analysis. RESULTS We identified 119 metabolites and the metabolite profiles differed significantly between the eleven extraction systems. Metabolites with high abundances in the organic extraction systems, followed by aqueous extraction, were involved in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, while metabolites with high abundances in the aqueous extraction systems, followed by organic extraction, were involved in amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and glycerolipid metabolism. MeOH/chloroform-H2O and MeOH/H2O-chloroform were the extraction systems that yielded the highest number of metabolites, while MeOH/acetonitrile (ACN)-H2O and ACN/H2O-IPA exhibited superior metabolite recoveries. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that our research facilitates the selection of an appropriate metabolite extraction approach based on the experimental purpose for the metabolomics study of skin tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Bu
- Department of Environment Science & Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju, 55069, Korea
- University Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Longdong Bio- resources in Gan-su Province, Longdong University, Qingyang, 745000, China
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang, 745000, China
| | - Sooah Kim
- Department of Environment Science & Biotechnology, Jeonju University, Jeonju, 55069, Korea.
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Kasperek MC, Mailing L, Piccolo BD, Moody B, Lan R, Gao X, Hernandez‐Saavedra D, Woods JA, Adams SH, Allen JM. Exercise training modifies xenometabolites in gut and circulation of lean and obese adults. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15638. [PMID: 36945966 PMCID: PMC10031301 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular, moderate exercise modifies the gut microbiome and contributes to human metabolic and immune health. The microbiome may exert influence on host physiology through the microbial production and modification of metabolites (xenometabolites); however, this has not been extensively explored. We hypothesized that 6 weeks of supervised, aerobic exercise 3×/week (60%-75% heart rate reserve [HRR], 30-60 min) in previously sedentary, lean (n = 14) and obese (n = 10) adults would modify both the fecal and serum xenometabolome. Serum and fecal samples were collected pre- and post-6 week intervention and analyzed by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Linear mixed models (LMMs) identified multiple fecal and serum xenometabolites responsive to exercise training. Further cluster and pathway analysis revealed that the most prominent xenometabolic shifts occurred within aromatic amino acid (ArAA) metabolic pathways. Fecal and serum ArAA derivatives correlated with body composition (lean mass), markers of insulin sensitivity (insulin, HOMA-IR) and cardiorespiratory fitness (V ̇ O 2 max $$ \dot{\mathrm{V}}{\mathrm{O}}_{2\max } $$ ), both at baseline and in response to exercise training. Two serum aromatic microbial-derived amino acid metabolites that were upregulated following the exercise intervention, indole-3-lactic acid (ILA: fold change: 1.2, FDR p < 0.05) and 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid (4-HPLA: fold change: 1.3, FDR p < 0.05), share metabolic pathways within the microbiota and were associated with body composition and markers of insulin sensitivity at baseline and in response to training. These data provide evidence of physiologically relevant shifts in microbial metabolism that occur in response to exercise training, and reinforce the view that host metabolic health influences gut microbiota population and function. Future studies should consider the microbiome and xenometabolome when investigating the health benefits of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikaela C. Kasperek
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
- Department of Kinesiology and Community HealthUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Lucy Mailing
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Brian D. Piccolo
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition CenterLittle RockArkansasUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Becky Moody
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Renny Lan
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition CenterLittle RockArkansasUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Xiaotian Gao
- Department of Kinesiology and Community HealthUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Diego Hernandez‐Saavedra
- Department of Kinesiology and Community HealthUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Jeffrey A. Woods
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
- Department of Kinesiology and Community HealthUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Sean H. Adams
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of California, Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
- Center for Alimentary and Metabolic ScienceUniversity of California, DavisSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jacob M. Allen
- Division of Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
- Department of Kinesiology and Community HealthUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
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E. coli Secretome Metabolically Modulates MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells' Energy Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044219. [PMID: 36835626 PMCID: PMC9964955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is commonly diagnosed in women. BC cells are associated with altered metabolism, which is essential to support their energetic requirements, cellular proliferation, and continuous survival. The altered metabolism of BC cells is a result of the genetic abnormalities of BC cells. Risk factors can also enhance it, including age, lifestyle, hormone disturbances, etc. Other unknown BC-promoting risk factors are under scientific investigation. One of these investigated factors is the microbiome. However, whether the breast microbiome found in the BC tissue microenvironment can impact BC cells has not been studied. We hypothesized that E. coli, part of a normal breast microbiome with more presence in BC tissue, secretes metabolic molecules that could alter BC cells' metabolism to maintain their survival. Thus, we directly examined the impact of the E. coli secretome on the metabolism of BC cells in vitro. MDA-MB-231 cells, an in vitro model of aggressive triple-negative BC cells, were treated with the E. coli secretome at different time points, followed by untargeted metabolomics analyses via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to identify metabolic alterations in the treated BC cell lines. MDA-MB-231 cells that were not treated were used as controls. Moreover, metabolomic analyses were performed on the E. coli secretome to profile the most significant bacterial metabolites affecting the metabolism of the treated BC cell lines. The metabolomics results revealed about 15 metabolites that potentially have indirect roles in cancer metabolism that were secreted from E. coli in the culture media of MDA-MB-231 cells. The cells treated with the E. coli secretome showed 105 dysregulated cellular metabolites compared to controls. The dysregulated cellular metabolites were involved in the metabolism of fructose and mannose, sphingolipids, amino acids, fatty acids, amino sugar, nucleotide sugar, and pyrimidine, which are vital pathways required for the pathogenesis of BC. Our findings are the first to show that the E. coli secretome modulates the BC cells' energy metabolism, highlighting insights into the possibility of altered metabolic events in BC tissue in the actual BC tissue microenvironment that are potentially induced by the local bacteria. Our study provides metabolic data that could be as a basis for future studies searching for the underlying mechanisms mediated by bacteria and their secretome to alter the metabolism of BC cells.
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Huang L, Drouin N, Causon J, Wegrzyn A, Castro-Perez J, Fleming R, Harms A, Hankemeier T. Reconstruction of Glutathione Metabolism in the Neuronal Model of Rotenone-Induced Neurodegeneration Using Mass Isotopologue Analysis with Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography-Zeno High-Resolution Multiple Reaction Monitoring. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3255-3266. [PMID: 36735349 PMCID: PMC9933045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Accurate reconstruction of metabolic pathways is an important prerequisite for interpreting metabolomics changes and understanding the diverse biological processes in disease models. A tracer-based metabolomics strategy utilizes stable isotope-labeled precursors to resolve complex pathways by tracing the labeled atom(s) to downstream metabolites through enzymatic reactions. Isotope enrichment analysis is informative and achieved by counting total labeled atoms and acquiring the mass isotopologue distribution (MID) of the intact metabolite. However, quantitative analysis of labeled metabolite substructures/moieties (MS2 fragments) can offer more valuable insights into the reaction connections through measuring metabolite transformation. In order to acquire the isotopic labeling information at the intact metabolite and moiety level simultaneously, we developed a method that couples hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) with Zeno trap-enabled high-resolution multiple reaction monitoring (MRMHR). The method enabled accurate and reproducible MID quantification for intact metabolites as well as their fragmented moieties, with notably high sensitivity in the MS2 fragmentation mode based on the measurement of 13C- or 15N-labeled cellular samples. The method was applied to human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons to trace the fate of 13C/15N atoms from D-13C6-glucose/L-15N2-glutamine added to the media. With the MID analysis of both intact metabolites and fragmented moieties, we validated the pathway reconstruction of de novo glutathione synthesis in mid-brain neurons. We discovered increased glutathione oxidization from both basal and newly synthesized glutathione pools under neuronal oxidative stress. Furthermore, the significantly decreased de novo glutathione synthesis was investigated and associated with altered activities of several key enzymes, as evidenced by suppressed glutamate supply via glucose metabolism and a diminished flux of glutathione synthetic reaction in the neuronal model of rotenone-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luojiao Huang
- Metabolomics
and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Drouin
- Metabolomics
and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | | | - Agnieszka Wegrzyn
- Metabolomics
and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | | | - Ronan Fleming
- Metabolomics
and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CC, Netherlands,School
of Medicine, National University of Ireland, University Rd, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Amy Harms
- Metabolomics
and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CC, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Metabolomics
and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden 2333 CC, Netherlands,
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Kelly PE, Ng HJ, Farrell G, McKirdy S, Russell RK, Hansen R, Rattray Z, Gerasimidis K, Rattray NJW. An Optimised Monophasic Faecal Extraction Method for LC-MS Analysis and Its Application in Gastrointestinal Disease. Metabolites 2022; 12:1110. [PMID: 36422250 PMCID: PMC9698041 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomic approaches are widely used to investigate underlying pathogenesis of gastrointestinal disease and mechanism of action of treatments. However, there is an unmet requirement to assess faecal metabolite extraction methods for large-scale metabolomics studies. Current methods often rely on biphasic extractions using harmful halogenated solvents, making automation and large-scale studies challenging. The present study reports an optimised monophasic faecal extraction protocol that is suitable for untargeted and targeted LC-MS analyses. The impact of several experimental parameters, including sample weight, extraction solvent, cellular disruption method, and sample-to-solvent ratio, were investigated. It is suggested that a 50 mg freeze-dried faecal sample should be used in a methanol extraction (1:20) using bead beating as the means of cell disruption. This is revealed by a significant increase in number of metabolites detected, improved signal intensity, and wide metabolic coverage given by each of the above extraction parameters. Finally, we addressed the applicability of the method on faecal samples from patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and coeliac disease (CoD), two distinct chronic gastrointestinal diseases involving metabolic perturbations. Untargeted and targeted metabolomic analysis demonstrated the ability of the developed method to detect and stratify metabolites extracted from patient groups and healthy controls (HC), highlighting characteristic changes in the faecal metabolome according to disease. The method developed is, therefore, suitable for the analysis of patients with gastrointestinal disease and can be used to detect and distinguish differences in the metabolomes of CD, CoD, and HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia E. Kelly
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
- Bacteria, Immunology, Nutrition, Gastroenterology and Omics (BINGO) Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - H Jene Ng
- School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Gillian Farrell
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Shona McKirdy
- Bacteria, Immunology, Nutrition, Gastroenterology and Omics (BINGO) Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Richard K. Russell
- Bacteria, Immunology, Nutrition, Gastroenterology and Omics (BINGO) Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, 50 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Richard Hansen
- Bacteria, Immunology, Nutrition, Gastroenterology and Omics (BINGO) Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- Royal Hospital for Children, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow G52 4TF, UK
| | - Zahra Rattray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Konstantinos Gerasimidis
- Bacteria, Immunology, Nutrition, Gastroenterology and Omics (BINGO) Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
- School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Nicholas J. W. Rattray
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
- Bacteria, Immunology, Nutrition, Gastroenterology and Omics (BINGO) Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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6
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The crosstalk of the human microbiome in breast and colon cancer: A metabolomics analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 176:103757. [PMID: 35809795 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome's role in colon and breast cancer is described in this review. Understanding how the human microbiome and metabolomics interact with breast and colon cancer is the chief area of this study. First, the role of the gut and distal microbiome in breast and colon cancer is investigated, and the direct relationship between microbial dysbiosis and breast and colon cancer is highlighted. This work also focuses on the many metabolomic techniques used to locate prospective biomarkers, make an accurate diagnosis, and research new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. This review clarifies the influence of anti-tumor medications on the microbiota and the proactive measures that can be taken to treat cancer using a variety of therapies, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, next-generation biotherapeutics, gene-based therapy, integrated omics technology, and machine learning.
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Pal AK, Sharma P, Zia A, Siwan D, Nandave D, Nandave M, Gautam RK. Metabolomics and EMT Markers of Breast Cancer: A Crosstalk and Future Perspective. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2022; 29:200-222. [PMID: 35736645 PMCID: PMC9230911 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology29020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo transient EMT and MET phenomena or vice versa, along with the parallel interplay of various markers, often correlated as the determining factor in decoding metabolic profiling of breast cancers. Moreover, various cancer signaling pathways and metabolic changes occurring in breast cancer cells modulate the expression of such markers to varying extents. The existing research completed so far considers the expression of such markers as determinants regulating the invasiveness and survival of breast cancer cells. Therefore, this manuscript is crosstalk among the expression levels of such markers and their correlation in regulating the aggressiveness and invasiveness of breast cancer. We also attempted to cover the possible EMT-based metabolic targets to retard migration and invasion of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Pal
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India; (A.K.P.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Prateek Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India; (A.K.P.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Alishan Zia
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India; (A.K.P.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Deepali Siwan
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India; (A.K.P.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Dipali Nandave
- Department of Dravyaguna, Karmavir V. T. Randhir Ayurved College, Boradi 425428, India;
| | - Mukesh Nandave
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India; (A.K.P.); (P.S.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (R.K.G.)
| | - Rupesh K. Gautam
- Department of Pharmacology, MM School of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Ambala 134007, India
- Correspondence: (M.N.); (R.K.G.)
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Comparison of Lysis and Detachment Sample Preparation Methods for Cultured Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Using UHPLC–HRMS-Based Metabolomics. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020168. [PMID: 35208242 PMCID: PMC8879193 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of cellular metabolism is now a well-recognized hallmark of cancer. Studies investigating the metabolic features of cancer cells have shed new light onto processes in cancer cell biology and have identified many potential novel treatment options. The advancement of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics has improved the ability to monitor multiple metabolic pathways simultaneously in various experimental settings. However, questions still remain as to how certain steps in the metabolite extraction process affect the metabolic profiles of cancer cells. Here, we use ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC–HRMS) untargeted metabolomics to investigate the effects of different detachment and lysis methods on the types and abundances of metabolites extracted from MDA-MB-231 cells through the use of in-house standards libraries and pathway analysis software. Results indicate that detachment methods (trypsinization vs. scraping) had the greatest effect on metabolic profiles whereas lysis methods (homogenizer beads vs. freeze–thaw cycling) had a lesser, though still significant, effect. No singular method was clearly superior over others, with certain metabolite classes giving higher abundances or lower variation for each detachment–lysis combination. These results indicate the importance of carefully selecting sample preparation methods for cell-based metabolomics to optimize the extraction performance for certain compound classes.
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Peterson AL, Siddiqui G, Sloan EK, Creek DJ. β-Adrenoceptor regulation of metabolism in U937 derived macrophages. Mol Omics 2021; 17:583-595. [PMID: 34105576 DOI: 10.1039/d1mo00057h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages have important roles in the immune system including clearing pathogens and wound healing. Metabolic phenotypes in macrophages have been associated with functional phenotypes, where pro-inflammatory macrophages have an increased rate of glycolysis and anti-inflammatory macrophages primarily use oxidative phosphorylation. β-adrenoceptor (βAR) signalling in macrophages has been implicated in disease states such as cancer, atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The impact of βAR signalling on macrophage metabolism has not been defined. Using metabolomics and proteomics, we describe the impact of βAR signalling on macrophages treated with isoprenaline. We found that βAR signalling alters proteins involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement and redox homeostasis of the cell. We showed that βAR signalling in macrophages shifts glucose metabolism from glycolysis towards the tricarboxylic acid cycle and pentose phosphate pathways. We also show that βAR signalling perturbs purine metabolism by accumulating adenylate and guanylate pools. Taken together, these results indicate that βAR signalling shifts metabolism to support redox processes and upregulates proteins involved in cytoskeletal changes, which may contribute to βAR effects on macrophage function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Peterson
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
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Long NP, Heo D, Kim HY, Kim TH, Shin JG, Lee A, Kim DH. Metabolomics-guided global pathway analysis reveals better insights into the metabolic alterations of breast cancer. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 202:114134. [PMID: 34052553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Accurate metabolome measurements are critical for improved insights into breast cancer metabolic disturbances and enhanced exploration of novel therapeutic targets. Nevertheless, conventional functional interpretation is limited by metabolite identification capacity, which diminishes the scientific value of untargeted metabolomics analyses. In this study, we conducted a metabolomics-guided global pathway meta-analysis to investigate the metabolic alterations of breast cancer. Metabolic features were directly investigated in the pathway meta-analysis to identify breast cancer-associated metabolic processes. Conventional pathway analysis was also conducted involving identified metabolites alone. Comparison of the two strategies revealed that the global pathway meta-analysis approach could avoid the loss of functionally relevant information, relative to the conventional analysis findings. Furthermore, the pathway meta-analysis accurately captured alterations in the following components of the breast cancer metabolome: central carbon metabolism, oxidative glutamine metabolism, purine metabolism, nonessential amino acid metabolism, and glutathione metabolism. There were also substantial alterations of fatty acyl carnitine species and fatty acid β-oxidation processes. These pathways contribute to breast cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. In conclusion, we suggest that global pathway analysis and the conventional approach with identified metabolites should be employed together to maximize the exploration of breast cancer's metabolic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Phuoc Long
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, 614735, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayoung Heo
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, 614735, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Yeon Kim
- Department of Surgery, Busan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 614735, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Busan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 614735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gook Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, 614735, Republic of Korea
| | - Anbok Lee
- Department of Surgery, Busan Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, 614735, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, 614735, Republic of Korea.
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Balcerczyk A, Damblon C, Elena-Herrmann B, Panthu B, Rautureau GJP. Metabolomic Approaches to Study Chemical Exposure-Related Metabolism Alterations in Mammalian Cell Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6843. [PMID: 32961865 PMCID: PMC7554780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological organisms are constantly exposed to an immense repertoire of molecules that cover environmental or food-derived molecules and drugs, triggering a continuous flow of stimuli-dependent adaptations. The diversity of these chemicals as well as their concentrations contribute to the multiplicity of induced effects, including activation, stimulation, or inhibition of physiological processes and toxicity. Metabolism, as the foremost phenotype and manifestation of life, has proven to be immensely sensitive and highly adaptive to chemical stimuli. Therefore, studying the effect of endo- or xenobiotics over cellular metabolism delivers valuable knowledge to apprehend potential cellular activity of individual molecules and evaluate their acute or chronic benefits and toxicity. The development of modern metabolomics technologies such as mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy now offers unprecedented solutions for the rapid and efficient determination of metabolic profiles of cells and more complex biological systems. Combined with the availability of well-established cell culture techniques, these analytical methods appear perfectly suited to determine the biological activity and estimate the positive and negative effects of chemicals in a variety of cell types and models, even at hardly detectable concentrations. Metabolic phenotypes can be estimated from studying intracellular metabolites at homeostasis in vivo, while in vitro cell cultures provide additional access to metabolites exchanged with growth media. This article discusses analytical solutions available for metabolic phenotyping of cell culture metabolism as well as the general metabolomics workflow suitable for testing the biological activity of molecular compounds. We emphasize how metabolic profiling of cell supernatants and intracellular extracts can deliver valuable and complementary insights for evaluating the effects of xenobiotics on cellular metabolism. We note that the concepts and methods discussed primarily for xenobiotics exposure are widely applicable to drug testing in general, including endobiotics that cover active metabolites, nutrients, peptides and proteins, cytokines, hormones, vitamins, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Balcerczyk
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Christian Damblon
- Unité de Recherche MolSys, Faculté des sciences, Université de Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium;
| | | | - Baptiste Panthu
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69921 Oullins CEDEX, France;
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Faculté de Médecine, Hôpital Lyon Sud, 69921 Oullins CEDEX, France
| | - Gilles J. P. Rautureau
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très Hauts Champs (CRMN FRE 2034 CNRS, UCBL, ENS Lyon), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
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12
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Ma S, Wang F, Zhang C, Wang X, Wang X, Yu Z. Cell metabolomics to study the function mechanism of Cyperus rotundus L. on triple-negative breast cancer cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:262. [PMID: 32843016 PMCID: PMC7449030 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02981-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a kind of malignant tumor with higher recurrence and metastasis rate. According to historical records, the dry rhizomes Cyperus rotundus L. could be ground into powder and mixed with ginger juice and wine for external application for breast cancer. We studied the effect of the ethanol extract of Cyperus rotundus L. (EECR) on TNBC cells and found its' apoptosis-inducing effect with a dose-relationship. But the function mechanism of EECR on TNBC is still mysterious. Hence, the present research aimed to detect its function mechanism at the small molecule level through ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) metabolomics. METHODS The CCK-8 assay and the Annexin V-FITC/PI assay were applied to test the effect of EECR on MDA-MB-231 cells and MDA-MB 468 cells at various concentrations of 0, 200, 400, and 600 μg/ml. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS based metabolomics was used between the control group and the EECR treatment groups. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to visualize the apoptosis-inducing action of EECR and filtrate significantly changed metabolites. RESULTS The apoptosis-inducing action was confirmed and forty-nine significantly changed metabolites (VIP > 1, p < 0.05, and FC > 1.2 or FC < 0.8) were identified after the interference of EECR. The level of significant differential metabolites between control group, middle dose group, and high dose group were compared and found that which supported the apoptosis-inducing action with dose-dependence. CONCLUSION By means of metabolism, we have detected the mechanism of EECR inducing apoptosis of TNBC cells at the level of small molecule metabolites and found that EECR impacted the energy metabolism of TNBC cells. In addition, we concluded that EECR induced apoptosis by breaking the balance between ATP-production and ATP-consumption: arresting the pathways of Carbohydrate metabolism such as Central carbon metabolism in cancer, aerobic glycolysis, and Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, whereas accelerating the pathways of ATP-consumption including Amino Acids metabolism, Fatty acid metabolism, Riboflavin metabolism and Purine metabolism. Although further study is still needed, EECR has great potential in the clinical treatment of TNBC with fewer toxic and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Ma
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No.440 jiyan road, Jinan, 250017, Shandong, China
- Shandong Hongjitang Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd., Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Fukai Wang
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No.440 jiyan road, Jinan, 250017, Shandong, China
| | - Caijuan Zhang
- School of life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Northeast corner of intersection of Sunshine South Street and Baiyang East Road, Fang-Shan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xinzhao Wang
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No.440 jiyan road, Jinan, 250017, Shandong, China
| | - Xueyong Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medical, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Zhiyong Yu
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No.440 jiyan road, Jinan, 250017, Shandong, China.
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Mili M, Panthu B, Madec AM, Berger MA, Rautureau GJP, Elena-Herrmann B. Fast and ergonomic extraction of adherent mammalian cells for NMR-based metabolomics studies. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:5453-5463. [PMID: 32556564 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cellular metabolomics has become key to elucidate mechanistic aspects in various fields such as cancerology or pharmacology, and is rapidly becoming a standard phenotyping tool accessible to the broad biological community. Acquisition of reliable spectroscopic datasets, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, to characterize biological systems depends on the elaboration of robust methods for cellular metabolites extraction. Previous studies have addressed many issues raised by these protocols, however with little pondering on ergonomic and practical aspects of the methods that impact their scalability, reproducibility and hence their suitability to high-throughput studies or their use by non-metabolomics experts. Here, we optimize a fast and ergonomic protocol for extraction of metabolites from adherent mammalian cells for NMR metabolomics studies. The proposed extraction protocol, including cell washing, metabolism quenching and actual extraction of intracellular metabolites, was first optimized on HeLa cells. Efficiency of the protocol, in its globality and for the different individual steps, was assessed by NMR quantification of 27 metabolites from cellular extracts. We show that a single PBS wash provides a seemly compromise between contamination from growth medium and leakage of intracellular metabolites. In HeLa cells, extraction using pure methanol, without cell scraping, recovered a higher amount of intracellular metabolites than the reference methanol/water/chloroform method with cell scraping, with yields varying across metabolite classes. Optimized and reference protocols were further tested on eight cell lines of miscellaneous nature, and inter-operator reproducibility was demonstrated. Our results stress the need for tailored extraction protocols and show that fast protocols minimizing time-consuming steps, without compromising extraction yields, are suitable for high-throughput metabolomics studies. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manhal Mili
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280, CRMN FRE 2034, Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Baptiste Panthu
- CarMeN laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, 69121, Oullins, France
| | - Anne-Marie Madec
- CarMeN laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, 69121, Oullins, France
| | - Marie-Agnès Berger
- CarMeN laboratory, Univ Lyon, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, 69121, Oullins, France
| | - Gilles J P Rautureau
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques UMR 5280, CRMN FRE 2034, Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
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14
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Campos TPRD, Dalmazio I, Augusti R, Almeida IG. Gd-GLU toward NMR imaging: synthesis, characterization and breast cell uptake assay. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902019000318122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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15
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Yang J, Cheng J, Sun B, Li H, Wu S, Dong F, Yan X. Untargeted and stable isotope-assisted metabolomic analysis of MDA-MB-231 cells under hypoxia. Metabolomics 2018; 14:40. [PMID: 30830323 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-018-1338-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypoxia commonly occurs in cancers and is highly related with the occurrence, development and metastasis of cancer. Treatment of triple negative breast cancer remains challenge. Knowledge about the metabolic status of triple negative breast cancer cell lines in hypoxia is valuable for the understanding of molecular mechanisms of this tumor subtype to develop effective therapeutics. OBJECTIVES Comprehensively characterize the metabolic profiles of triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in normoxia and hypoxia and the pathways involved in metabolic changes in hypoxia. METHODS Differences in metabolic profiles affected pathways of MDA-MB-231 cells in normoxia and hypoxia were characterized using GC-MS based untargeted and stable isotope assisted metabolomic techniques. RESULTS Thirty-three metabolites were significantly changed in hypoxia and nine pathways were involved. Hypoxia increased glycolysis, inhibited TCA cycle, pentose phosphate pathway and pyruvate carboxylation, while increased glutaminolysis in MDA-MB-231 cells. CONCLUSION The current results provide metabolic differences of MDA-MB-231 cells in normoxia and hypoxia conditions as well as the involved metabolic pathways, demonstrating the power of combined use of untargeted and stable isotope-assisted metabolomic methods in comprehensive metabolomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Jianhua Cheng
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Bo Sun
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Haijing Li
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Shengming Wu
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Fangting Dong
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Xianzhong Yan
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100039, China.
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16
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Cardoso MR, Santos JC, Ribeiro ML, Talarico MCR, Viana LR, Derchain SFM. A Metabolomic Approach to Predict Breast Cancer Behavior and Chemotherapy Response. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020617. [PMID: 29466297 PMCID: PMC5855839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the classification of breast carcinomas into molecular or immunohistochemical subtypes has contributed to a better categorization of women into different therapeutic regimens, breast cancer nevertheless still progresses or recurs in a remarkable number of patients. Identifying women who would benefit from chemotherapy could potentially increase treatment effectiveness, which has important implications for long-term survival. Metabolomic analyses of fluids and tissues from cancer patients improve our knowledge of the reprogramming of metabolic pathways involved in resistance to chemotherapy. This review evaluates how recent metabolomic approaches have contributed to understanding the relationship between breast cancer and the acquisition of resistance. We focus on the advantages and challenges of cancer treatment and the use of new strategies in clinical care, which helps us comprehend drug resistance and predict responses to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Regina Cardoso
- Hospital da Mulher Prof. Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti-Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (CAISM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-881, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Carvalho Santos
- Hospital da Mulher Prof. Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti-Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (CAISM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-881, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Lima Ribeiro
- Clinical Pharmacology and Gastroenterology Unit, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo 13083-881, Brazil.
| | - Maria Cecília Ramiro Talarico
- Hospital da Mulher Prof. Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti-Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (CAISM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-881, Brazil.
| | - Lais Rosa Viana
- Hospital da Mulher Prof. Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti-Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (CAISM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-881, Brazil.
| | - Sophie Françoise Mauricette Derchain
- Hospital da Mulher Prof. Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti-Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (CAISM), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo 13083-881, Brazil.
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Hayton S, Maker GL, Mullaney I, Trengove RD. Experimental design and reporting standards for metabolomics studies of mammalian cell lines. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:4421-4441. [PMID: 28669031 PMCID: PMC11107723 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is an analytical technique that investigates the small biochemical molecules present within a biological sample isolated from a plant, animal, or cultured cells. It can be an extremely powerful tool in elucidating the specific metabolic changes within a biological system in response to an environmental challenge such as disease, infection, drugs, or toxins. A historically difficult step in the metabolomics pipeline is in data interpretation to a meaningful biological context, for such high-variability biological samples and in untargeted metabolomics studies that are hypothesis-generating by design. One way to achieve stronger biological context of metabolomic data is via the use of cultured cell models, particularly for mammalian biological systems. The benefits of in vitro metabolomics include a much greater control of external variables and no ethical concerns. The current concerns are with inconsistencies in experimental procedures and level of reporting standards between different studies. This review discusses some of these discrepancies between recent studies, such as metabolite extraction and data normalisation. The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of a standardised experimental approach to any cultured cell metabolomics study and suggests an example procedure fully inclusive of information that should be disclosed in regard to the cell type/s used and their culture conditions. Metabolomics of cultured cells has the potential to uncover previously unknown information about cell biology, functions and response mechanisms, and so the accurate biological interpretation of the data produced and its ability to be compared to other studies should be considered vitally important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hayton
- Separation Sciences and Metabolomics Laboratories, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Garth L Maker
- Separation Sciences and Metabolomics Laboratories, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia.
| | - Ian Mullaney
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Robert D Trengove
- Separation Sciences and Metabolomics Laboratories, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
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