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Zhao C, Wang H, Bu Y, Zou H, Wang X. Structures, principles, and properties of metamaterial perfect absorbers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:30145-30171. [PMID: 37916298 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03346e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Metamaterials are a kind of artificial material with special properties, showing huge potential for applications in fields such as infrared measurement, solar cells, optical sensors, and optical stealth. A metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA) is designed based on a metamaterial, featuring strong absorption, small volume, light weight, ultra-bandwidth, tunability and other characteristics. This paper introduces the absorption mechanism of MPAs from microwave to optical wave band, and four directions of absorber design are elaborated. Equivalent impedance matching, plasma resonance and interference effect are the main absorption mechanisms of MPA. Multiband perfect absorption, ultra-wideband and ultra-narrowband perfect absorption, polarization and angle insensitive absorption, and dynamically controllable tunable absorption are the main design aspects. Among them, the proposal of a dynamically tunable absorber realizes the dynamic absorption. Finally, the problems and challenges of metamaterial perfect absorber design are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Zhao
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Huan Wang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yanyan Bu
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiangfu Wang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy (Wuhan University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, 430081, China
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2
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A Review: The Functional Materials-Assisted Terahertz Metamaterial Absorbers and Polarization Converters. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9050335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
When metamaterial structures meet functional materials, what will happen? The recent rise of the combination of metamaterial structures and functional materials opens new opportunities for dynamic manipulation of terahertz wave. The optical responses of functional materials are greatly improved based on the highly-localized structures in metamaterials, and the properties of metamaterials can in turn be manipulated in a wide dynamic range based on the external stimulation. In the topical review, we summarize the recent progress of the functional materials-based metamaterial structures for flexible control of the terahertz absorption and polarization conversion. The reviewed devices include but are not limited to terahertz metamaterial absorbers with different characteristics, polarization converters, wave plates, and so on. We review the dynamical tunable metamaterial structures based on the combination with functional materials such as graphene, vanadium dioxide (VO2) and Dirac semimetal (DSM) under various external stimulation. The faced challenges and future prospects of the related researches will also be discussed in the end.
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3
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Pourmadadi M, Soleimani Dinani H, Saeidi Tabar F, Khassi K, Janfaza S, Tasnim N, Hoorfar M. Properties and Applications of Graphene and Its Derivatives in Biosensors for Cancer Detection: A Comprehensive Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12050269. [PMID: 35624570 PMCID: PMC9138779 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide, and there is a critical need for diagnostic platforms for applications in early cancer detection. The diagnosis of cancer can be made by identifying abnormal cell characteristics such as functional changes, a number of vital proteins in the body, abnormal genetic mutations and structural changes, and so on. Identifying biomarker candidates such as DNA, RNA, mRNA, aptamers, metabolomic biomolecules, enzymes, and proteins is one of the most important challenges. In order to eliminate such challenges, emerging biomarkers can be identified by designing a suitable biosensor. One of the most powerful technologies in development is biosensor technology based on nanostructures. Recently, graphene and its derivatives have been used for diverse diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Graphene-based biosensors have exhibited significant performance with excellent sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and a wide detection range. In this review, the principle of technology, advances, and challenges in graphene-based biosensors such as field-effect transistors (FET), fluorescence sensors, SPR biosensors, and electrochemical biosensors to detect different cancer cells is systematically discussed. Additionally, we provide an outlook on the properties, applications, and challenges of graphene and its derivatives, such as Graphene Oxide (GO), Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO), and Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs), in early cancer detection by nanobiosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrab Pourmadadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (M.P.); (F.S.T.)
| | - Homayoon Soleimani Dinani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA;
| | - Fatemeh Saeidi Tabar
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (M.P.); (F.S.T.)
| | - Kajal Khassi
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran;
| | - Sajjad Janfaza
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (S.J.); (N.T.)
| | - Nishat Tasnim
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (S.J.); (N.T.)
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Mina Hoorfar
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (S.J.); (N.T.)
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Correspondence:
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4
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Graphene-Based Plasmonic Metamaterial Perfect Absorber for Biosensing Applications. ELECTRONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics11060930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Graphene as a mono-atomic sheet has recently grabbed attention as a material with enormous properties. It has also been examined for enhancing absorbance in the current plasmonic structure. This has led to an increment in the sensitivity of the plasmonic sensors. In this paper, we present theoretical investigation of the novel graphene-based plasmonic metamaterial perfect absorber for biosensing applications. The simulation study performs the analysis of the novel plasmonic metamaterial absorber structure by adding coatings of graphene sheets. Each sheet of graphene enhances absorbance of the structure. In this study, we demonstrate three layers of graphene sheets lead to perfect absorbance (100%) for multiple bands in the visible and near-infrared regions. Furthermore, we also computed the sensitivity of the graphene-based proposed structure by varying the refractive index (RI) of the sensing region from 1.33–1.36 with RI change of 0.01. Proposed fabrication steps for realization of the device are also discussed.
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Liu J, Li X, Jiang R, Yang K, Zhao J, Khan SA, He J, Liu P, Zhu J, Zeng B. Recent Progress in the Development of Graphene Detector for Terahertz Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:4987. [PMID: 34372224 PMCID: PMC8347591 DOI: 10.3390/s21154987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Terahertz waves are expected to be used in next-generation communications, detection, and other fields due to their unique characteristics. As a basic part of the terahertz application system, the terahertz detector plays a key role in terahertz technology. Due to the two-dimensional structure, graphene has unique characteristics features, such as exceptionally high electron mobility, zero band-gap, and frequency-independent spectral absorption, particularly in the terahertz region, making it a suitable material for terahertz detectors. In this review, the recent progress of graphene terahertz detectors related to photovoltaic effect (PV), photothermoelectric effect (PTE), bolometric effect, and plasma wave resonance are introduced and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Electronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (J.L.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (B.Z.)
| | - Xin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Electronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (J.L.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (B.Z.)
| | - Ruirui Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Electronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (J.L.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (B.Z.)
| | - Kaiqiang Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Electronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (J.L.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (B.Z.)
| | - Jing Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Electronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (J.L.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (B.Z.)
| | - Sayed Ali Khan
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;
| | - Jiancheng He
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Electronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (J.L.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (B.Z.)
| | - Peizhong Liu
- Department of the Internet of Things Engineering, College of Engineering, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362000, China;
| | - Jinfeng Zhu
- Institute of Electromagnetics and Acoustics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;
| | - Baoqing Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Vacuum Electronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China; (J.L.); (X.L.); (R.J.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.H.); (B.Z.)
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6
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Xu D, Cui F, Zheng G. Dynamically Switchable Polarization-Independent Triple-Band Perfect Metamaterial Absorber Using a Phase-Change Material in the Mid-Infrared (MIR) Region. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12050548. [PMID: 34064884 PMCID: PMC8151617 DOI: 10.3390/mi12050548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A tunable metamaterial absorber (MMA) by reversible phase transitions in a mid-infrared regime is theoretically investigated. The absorber is composed of a molybdenum (Mo)-germanium-antimony-tellurium (Ge2Sb2Te5, GST)-Mo nanodisk structure superimposed on the GST-Al2O3 (aluminum oxide)-Mo film. Studies have shown that the combination of the inlaid metal-medium dielectric waveguide mode and the resonant cavity mode and the excitation of the propagating surface plasmon mode are the main reasons for the formation of the triple-band high absorption. Additionally, through the reversible phase change, the transition from high absorption to high reflection in the mid-infrared region is realized. The symmetry of the absorber eliminates the polarization dependence, and the near unity absorption efficiency can be maintained by incidence angles up to 60°. The presented method will enhance the functionality of the absorber and has the potential for the applications that require active control over light absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (D.X.); (F.C.)
| | - Fenping Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (D.X.); (F.C.)
| | - Gaige Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; (D.X.); (F.C.)
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
- Correspondence:
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Pan J, Hu H, Li Z, Mu J, Cai Y, Zhu H. Recent progress in two-dimensional materials for terahertz protection. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:1515-1531. [PMID: 36132557 PMCID: PMC9419147 DOI: 10.1039/d0na01046d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the wide applications of terahertz (THz) devices in future communication technology, THz protection materials are essential to overcome potential threats. Recently, THz metamaterials (MMs) based on two-dimensional (2D) materials (e.g., graphene, MXenes) have been extensively investigated due to their unique THz response properties. In this review, THz protection theories are briefly presented first, including reflection loss and shielding mechanisms. Then, the research progress of graphene and other 2D material-based THz MMs and intrinsic materials are reviewed. MMs absorbers in the forms of single layer, multiple layers, hybrid and tunable metasurfaces show excellent THz absorbing performance. These studies provide a sufficient theoretical and practical basis for THz protection, and superior properties promised the wide application prospects of 2D MMs. Three-dimensional intrinsic THz absorbing materials based on porous and ordered 2D materials also show exceptional THz protection performance and effectively integrate the advantages of intrinsic properties and the structural characteristics of 2D materials. These special structures can optimize the surface impedance matching and enable multiple THz scatterings and electric transmission loss, which can realize high-efficiency absorption loss and active controllable protection performance in ultra-wide THz wavebands. Finally, the advantages and existing problems of current THz protection materials are summarized, and their possible future development and applications are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Pan
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- The First Scientific Research Institute of Wuxi Wuxi 214035 Jiangsu China
| | - Haowen Hu
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zechen Li
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jingyang Mu
- The First Scientific Research Institute of Wuxi Wuxi 214035 Jiangsu China
| | - Yunxiang Cai
- The First Scientific Research Institute of Wuxi Wuxi 214035 Jiangsu China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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8
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Wu J, Yuan X, Zhang Y, Yan X, Zhang X. Dual-Tunable Broadband Terahertz Absorber Based on a Hybrid Graphene-Dirac Semimetal Structure. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11121096. [PMID: 33322381 PMCID: PMC7764523 DOI: 10.3390/mi11121096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A dual-controlled tunable broadband terahertz absorber based on a hybrid graphene-Dirac semimetal structure is designed and studied. Owing to the flexible tunability of the surface conductivity of graphene and relative permittivity of Dirac semimetal, the absorption bandwidth can be tuned independently or jointly by shifting the Fermi energy through chemical doping or applying gate voltage. Under normal incidence, the device exhibits a high absorption larger than 90% over a broad range of 4.06–10.7 THz for both TE and TM polarizations. Moreover, the absorber is insensitive to incident angles, yielding a high absorption over 90% at a large incident angle of 60° and 70° for TE and TM modes, respectively. The structure shows great potential in miniaturized ultra-broadband terahertz absorbers and related applications.
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Hu D, Meng T, Wang H, Ma Y. Tunable broadband terahertz absorber based on plasmon hybridization in monolayer graphene ring arrays. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:11053-11058. [PMID: 33361931 DOI: 10.1364/ao.409738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Graphene as a new two-dimensional material can be utilized to design tunable optical devices owing to its exceptional physical properties, such as high mobility and tunable conductivity. In this paper, we present the design and analysis of a tunable broadband terahertz absorber based on periodic graphene ring arrays. Due to plasmon hybridization modes excited in the graphene ring, the proposed structure achieves a broad absorption bandwidth with more than 90% absorption in the frequency range of 0.88-2.10 THz under normal incidence, and its relative absorption bandwidth is about 81.88%. Meanwhile, it exhibits polarization-insensitive behavior and maintains high absorption over 80% when the incident angle is up to 45° for both TE and TM polarizations. Additionally, the peak absorption rate of the absorber can be tuned from 21% to nearly 100% by increasing the graphene's chemical potential from 0 to 0.9 eV. Such a design can have some potential applications in various terahertz devices, such as modulators, detectors, and spatial filters.
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Yang H, Chen D, Mao Y, Yang J. Tunable Broadband THz Waveband Absorbers Based On Graphene for Digital Coding. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091844. [PMID: 32942710 PMCID: PMC7558160 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A method of coding patterns is proposed to achieve flexible control of absorption response at terahertz frequencies. The designed absorber consists of an Au-graphene pattern layer, a SiO2 layer and a metal reflective layer. Among them, we use concentrical circle structure to achieve broadband absorption, and adjust graphene’s Fermi level to achieve tunable absorption. In addition, we propose an encoding method that can achieve flexible control of the absorption response at the terahertz frequency based on the external voltage applied on the graphene membrane, thereby having a programmable function. We also use COMSOL to simulate the electric field distribution diagram to explain the underlying physical mechanism. The programmable broadband adjustable absorber proposed in this paper has potential application prospects in the fields of optical equipment, information transmission, digital coding and artificial intelligence (AI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China;
| | - Dingbo Chen
- Center of Material Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China;
| | - Yuliang Mao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.M.); (J.Y.)
| | - Junbo Yang
- Center of Material Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.M.); (J.Y.)
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A Polarization-Insensitive and Wide-Angle Terahertz Absorber with Ring-Porous Patterned Graphene Metasurface. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10071410. [PMID: 32707727 PMCID: PMC7407757 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A broadband terahertz (THz) absorber, based on a graphene metasurface, which consists of a layer of ring-porous patterned structure array and a metallic mirror separated by an ultrathin SiO2 dielectric layer, is proposed and studied by numerical simulation. The simulated results show that the absorptivity of the absorber reaches 90% in the range of 0.91–1.86 THz, and the normalized bandwidth of the absorptivity is 68.6% under normal incidence. In the simulation, the effects of the geometric parameters of the structure on the absorption band have been investigated. The results show that the absorber is insensitive to the incident polarization angle for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) under normal incidence. In addition, the absorber is not sensitive to oblique incidence of the light source under TE polarization conditions, and has an approximately stable absorption bandwidth at the incident angle from 0° to 50°. The absorption band can be adjusted by changing the bias voltage of the graphene Fermi level without varying the nanostructure. Furthermore, we propose that a two-layer graphene structure with the same geometric parameters is separated by a dielectric layer of appropriate thickness. The simulated results show that the absorptivity of the two-layer absorber reaches 90% in the range of 0.83-2.04 THz and the normalized bandwidth of the absorptivity is 84.3% under normal incidence. Because of its excellent characteristics based on graphene metamaterial absorbers, it has an important application value in the field of subwavelength photonic devices.
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A Simple and Efficient Method for Designing Broadband Terahertz Absorber Based on Singular Graphene Metasurface. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9101351. [PMID: 31547082 PMCID: PMC6836235 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a simple and efficient method for designing a broadband terahertz (THz) absorber based on singular graphene patches metasurface and metal-backed dielectric layer. An accurate circuit model of graphene patches is used for obtaining analytical expressions for the input impedance of the proposed absorber. The input impedance is designed to be closely matched to the free space in a wide frequency range. Numerical simulation and analytical circuit model results consistently show that graphene metasurface-based THz absorber with an absorption value above 90% in a relative bandwidth of 100% has been achieved.
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13
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Chen Z, Li P, Zhang S, Chen Y, Liu P, Duan H. Enhanced extraordinary optical transmission and refractive-index sensing sensitivity in tapered plasmonic nanohole arrays. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:335201. [PMID: 31013483 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab1b89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon of extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) caused by light through metallic nanohole arrays has attracted significant attention due to its potential applications for monolithic color filters and ultrasensitive label-free biosensing. However, the EOT spectra of these nanohole arrays have multiple resonance peaks that are spectrally close to each other due to the multiple resonance modes generated by different media on the upper and lower surfaces of metal. In addition, owing to the absorption loss of metal and the scattering of holes, the EOT resonance peaks have low transmission coefficient for practical applications. In this work, utilizing a tapered nanohole arrays structure which is stacked by multiple cylindrical holes with the same depth but different radii, we show that tapered nanohole arrays can effectively suppress the excitation of multiple resonance peaks, and a single EOT peak emerges in the transmission spectrum and simultaneously exhibits significantly enhanced transmission (∼7 times) and narrow linewidth (∼15 nm). The enhanced EOT of tapered nanohole arrays can be also found in other wavelength regions and plasmonic materials. Benefiting from isolated transmission peak, high transmission efficiency and extremely narrow linewidth, a highly sensitive plasmonic nanosensor with sensitivity of 1580 nm/RIU and figure of merit of 105 can be attained. We believe that the tapered nanohole structure would enable applications for ultrasensitive sensors, switches and efficient filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China. College of Information and Electronic Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413000, People's Republic of China
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Hua X, Zheng G. Intensity Switchable and Wide-Angle Mid-Infrared Perfect Absorber with Lithography-Free Phase-Change Film of Ge 2Sb 2Te 5. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E374. [PMID: 31195643 PMCID: PMC6630632 DOI: 10.3390/mi10060374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The range of fundamental phenomena and applications achievable by metamaterials (MMs) can be significantly extended by dynamic control over the optical response. A mid-infrared tunable absorber which consists of lithography-free planar multilayered dielectric stacks and germanium antimony tellurium alloy (Ge2Sb2Te5, GST) thin film was presented and studied. The absorption spectra under amorphous and crystalline phase conditions was evaluated by the transfer matrix method (TMM). It was shown that significant tuning of absorption can be achieved by switching the phase of thin layer of GST between amorphous and crystalline states. The near unity (>90%) absorption can be significant maintained by incidence angles up to 75 under crystalline state for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations. The proposed method enhances the functionality of MMs-based absorbers and has great potential for application to filters, emitters, and sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Hua
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Gaige Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Detection of Atmosphere and Ocean, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
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15
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Ni Y, Shi D, Luo B, Yang Z, Xiong Z, Lu C, Fang L, Xia Y, Gong J, Cao L, Gao Z. Tailoring Morphologies, Photocatalytic Activity, and Energy Bands of Bi25FeO40 via Valence State Transformation of Doped V Ions. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6966-6973. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ni
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology and Research Center of Laser Fusion, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Deli Shi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology and Research Center of Laser Fusion, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | | | | | - Zhengwei Xiong
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology and Research Center of Laser Fusion, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Linhong Cao
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology and Research Center of Laser Fusion, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
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Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance and Mechanism of Au@CaTiO 3 Composites with Au Nanoparticles Assembled on CaTiO 3 Nanocuboids. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10040254. [PMID: 30999566 PMCID: PMC6523114 DOI: 10.3390/mi10040254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Using P25 as the titanium source and based on a hydrothermal route, we have synthesized CaTiO3 nanocuboids (NCs) with the width of 0.3–0.5 μm and length of 0.8–1.1 μm, and systematically investigated their growth process. Au nanoparticles (NPs) of 3–7 nm in size were assembled on the surface of CaTiO3 NCs via a photocatalytic reduction method to achieve excellent Au@CaTiO3 composite photocatalysts. Various techniques were used to characterize the as-prepared samples, including X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning/transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Rhodamine B (RhB) in aqueous solution was chosen as the model pollutant to assess the photocatalytic performance of the samples separately under simulated-sunlight, ultraviolet (UV) and visible-light irradiation. Under irradiation of all kinds of light sources, the Au@CaTiO3 composites, particularly the 4.3%Au@CaTiO3 composite, exhibit greatly enhanced photocatalytic performance when compared with bare CaTiO3 NCs. The main roles of Au NPs in the enhanced photocatalytic mechanism of the Au@CaTiO3 composites manifest in the following aspects: (1) Au NPs act as excellent electron sinks to capture the photoexcited electrons in CaTiO3, thus leading to an efficient separation of photoexcited electron/hole pairs in CaTiO3; (2) the electromagnetic field caused by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Au NPs could facilitate the generation and separation of electron/hole pairs in CaTiO3; and (3) the LSPR-induced electrons in Au NPs could take part in the photocatalytic reactions.
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Li Y, Liu Z, Zhang H, Tang P, Wu B, Liu G. Ultra-broadband perfect absorber utilizing refractory materials in metal-insulator composite multilayer stacks. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:11809-11818. [PMID: 31053021 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.011809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present an ultra-broadband perfect absorber composed of metal-insulator composite multilayer (MICM) stacks by placing the insulator-metal-insulator (IMI) grating on the metal-insulator-metal (MIM) film stacks. The absorber shows over 90% absorption spanning between 570 nm and 3539 nm, with an average absorption of 97% under normal incidence. The ultra-broadband perfect absorption characteristics are achieved by the synergy of guided mode resonances (GMRs), localized surface plasmons (LSPs), propagating surface plasmons (PSPs), and cavity modes. The polarization insensitivity is demonstrated by analyzing the absorption performance over arbitrary polarization angles. The ultra-broadband absorption remains more than 80% over a wide incident angle up to 50°, for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes. The ultra-broadband perfect absorber has tremendous potential for various applications, such as solar thermal energy harvesting, thermoelectrics, and imaging.
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