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Shamim S, Mohsin AS, Rahman MM, Hossain Bhuian MB. Recent advances in the metamaterial and metasurface-based biosensor in the gigahertz, terahertz, and optical frequency domains. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33272. [PMID: 39040247 PMCID: PMC11260956 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, metamaterials and metasurface have gained rapidly increasing attention from researchers due to their extraordinary optical and electrical properties. Metamaterials are described as artificially defined periodic structures exhibiting negative permittivity and permeability simultaneously. Whereas metasurfaces are the 2D analogue of metamaterials in the sense that they have a small but not insignificant depth. Because of their high optical confinement and adjustable optical resonances, these artificially engineered materials appear as a viable photonic platform for biosensing applications. This review paper discusses the recent development of metamaterial and metasurface in biosensing applications based on the gigahertz, terahertz, and optical frequency domains encompassing the whole electromagnetic spectrum. Overlapping features such as material selection, structure, and physical mechanisms were considered during the classification of our biosensing applications. Metamaterials and metasurfaces working in the GHz range provide prospects for better sensing of biological samples, THz frequencies, falling between GHz and optical frequencies, provide unique characteristics for biosensing permitting the exact characterization of molecular vibrations, with an emphasis on molecular identification, label-free analysis, and imaging of biological materials. Optical frequencies on the other hand cover the visible and near-infrared regions, allowing fine regulation of light-matter interactions enabling metamaterials and metasurfaces to offer excellent sensitivity and specificity in biosensing. The outcome of the sensor's sensitivity to an electric or magnetic field and the resonance frequency are, in theory, determined by the frequency domain and features. Finally, the challenges and possible future perspectives in biosensing application areas have been presented that use metamaterials and metasurfaces across diverse frequency domains to improve sensitivity, specificity, and selectivity in biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadmani Shamim
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Optics and Photonics Research Group, BRAC University, Kha 224 Bir Uttam Rafiqul Islam Avenue, Merul Badda, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Abu S.M. Mohsin
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Optics and Photonics Research Group, BRAC University, Kha 224 Bir Uttam Rafiqul Islam Avenue, Merul Badda, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mosaddequr Rahman
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Optics and Photonics Research Group, BRAC University, Kha 224 Bir Uttam Rafiqul Islam Avenue, Merul Badda, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Belal Hossain Bhuian
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Optics and Photonics Research Group, BRAC University, Kha 224 Bir Uttam Rafiqul Islam Avenue, Merul Badda, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
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Asgari S, Fabritius T. Multi-band terahertz anisotropic metamaterial absorber composed of graphene-based split square ring resonator array featuring two gaps and a connecting bar. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7477. [PMID: 38553510 PMCID: PMC10980726 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58142-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A multi-band anisotropic metamaterial absorber operating in the terahertz (THz) range is constructed using a graphene-based split square ring resonator array featuring two gaps and a connecting bar. The design is meticulously simulated through the finite element method (FEM) using CST Software. Subsequently, an equivalent circuit model (ECM) is introduced, leveraging impedance and transmission lines, and implemented with a rapid MATLAB code to evaluate the absorber's behavior in the THz spectrum. The proposed absorber, dynamically adjustable through a one-layered resonator array, exhibits a strong linear dichroism response of 99% within a frequency range of 0.3-4 THz. The metamaterial has an absorption rate of 81% for one absorption band in transverse magnetic mode and its three absorption bands in transverse electric mode have an average of 99.3% in each absorption band with absorption over 99%. This absorber holds potential applications in polarization-sensitive devices and THz systems. The ECM model was established to provide an efficient analytical tool for assessing the absorber's performance, and the FEM simulation results align well with those derived from the ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayyeh Asgari
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Tapio Fabritius
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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3
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Overview of Optical Biosensors for Early Cancer Detection: Fundamentals, Applications and Future Perspectives. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020232. [PMID: 36829508 PMCID: PMC9953566 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Conventional cancer detection and treatment methodologies are based on surgical, chemical and radiational processes, which are expensive, time consuming and painful. Therefore, great interest has been directed toward developing sensitive, inexpensive and rapid techniques for early cancer detection. Optical biosensors have advantages in terms of high sensitivity and being label free with a compact size. In this review paper, the state of the art of optical biosensors for early cancer detection is presented in detail. The basic idea, sensitivity analysis, advantages and limitations of the optical biosensors are discussed. This includes optical biosensors based on plasmonic waveguides, photonic crystal fibers, slot waveguides and metamaterials. Further, the traditional optical methods, such as the colorimetric technique, optical coherence tomography, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and reflectometric interference spectroscopy, are addressed.
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Li S, Xu J, Xie Y. Active Tuning and Anisotropic Strong Coupling of Terahertz Polaritons in Van der Waals Heterostructures. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1955. [PMID: 36422384 PMCID: PMC9699160 DOI: 10.3390/mi13111955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnetic field confinement is significant in enhancing light-matter interactions as well as in reducing footprints of photonic devices especially in Terahertz (THz). Polaritons offer a promising platform for the manipulation of light at the deep sub-wavelength scale. However, traditional THz polariton materials lack active tuning and anisotropic propagation simultaneously. In this paper, we design a graphene/α-MoO3 heterostructure and simulate polariton hybridization between isotropic graphene plasmon polaritons and anisotropic α-MoO3 phonon polaritons. The physical fundamentals for polariton hybridizations depend on the evanescent fields coupling originating from the constituent materials as well as the phase match condition, which can be severely affected by the α-MoO3 thickness and actively tuned by the gate voltages. Hybrid polaritons propagate with in-plane anisotropy that exhibit momentum dispersion characterized by elliptical, hyperboloidal and even flattened iso-frequency contours (IFCs) in the THz range. Our results provide a tunable and flexible anisotropic polariton platform for THz sensing, imaging, and modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopeng Li
- Department of Physics, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics Technology, Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Junhao Xu
- Department of Physics, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Yajie Xie
- Department of Physics, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
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Ji G, Tian J, Xing F, Feng Y. Optical Biosensor Based on Graphene and Its Derivatives for Detecting Biomolecules. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10838. [PMID: 36142748 PMCID: PMC9500660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives show great potential for biosensing due to their extraordinary optical, electrical and physical properties. In particular, graphene and its derivatives have excellent optical properties such as broadband and tunable absorption, fluorescence bursts, and strong polarization-related effects. Optical biosensors based on graphene and its derivatives make nondestructive detection of biomolecules possible. The focus of this paper is to review the preparation of graphene and its derivatives, as well as recent advances in optical biosensors based on graphene and its derivatives. The working principle of face plasmon resonance (SPR), surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and colorimetric sensors are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of graphene and its derivatives applicable to various types of sensors are analyzed, and the methods of surface functionalization of graphene and its derivatives are introduced; these optical biosensors can be used for the detection of a range of biomolecules such as single cells, cellular secretions, proteins, nucleic acids, and antigen-antibodies; these new high-performance optical sensors are capable of detecting changes in surface structure and biomolecular interactions with the advantages of ultra-fast detection, high sensitivity, label-free, specific recognition, and the ability to respond in real-time. Problems in the current stage of application are discussed, as well as future prospects for graphene and its biosensors. Achieving the applicability, reusability and low cost of novel optical biosensors for a variety of complex environments and achieving scale-up production, which still faces serious challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangmin Ji
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Jingkun Tian
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Fei Xing
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Yu Feng
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
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Numerical Study to Enhance the Sensitivity of a Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with BlueP/WS2-Covered Al2O3-Nickel Nanofilms. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132205. [PMID: 35808043 PMCID: PMC9268592 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In the traditional surface plasmon resonance sensor, the sensitivity is calculated by the usage of angular interrogation. The proposed surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor uses a diamagnetic material (Al2O3), nickel (Ni), and two-dimensional (2D) BlueP/WS2 (blue phosphorous-tungsten di-sulfide). The Al2O3 sheet is sandwiched between silver (Ag) and nickel (Ni) films in the Kretschmann configuration. A mathematical simulation is performed to improve the sensitivity of an SPR sensor in the visible region at a frequency of 633 nm. The simulation results show that an upgraded sensitivity of 332°/RIU is achieved for the metallic arrangement consisting of 17 nm of Al2O3 and 4 nm of Ni in thickness for analyte refractive indices ranging from 1.330 to 1.335. The thickness variation of the layers plays a curial role in enhancing the performance of the SPR sensor. The thickness variation of the proposed configuration containing 20 nm of Al2O3 and 1 nm of Ni with a monolayer of 2D material BlueP/WS2 enhances the sensitivity to as high as 374°/RIU. Furthermore, it is found that the sensitivity can be altered and managed by means of altering the film portions of Ni and Al2O3
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Vanadium Dioxide-Based Terahertz Metamaterial Devices Switchable between Transmission and Absorption. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13050715. [PMID: 35630181 PMCID: PMC9145035 DOI: 10.3390/mi13050715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Terahertz metamaterial plays a significant role in the development of imaging, sensing, and communications. The function of conventional terahertz metamaterials was fixed after fabrication. They can only achieve a single function and do not have adjustable characteristics, which greatly limits the scalability and practical application of metamaterial. Here, we propose a vanadium dioxide-based terahertz metamaterial device, which is switchable between being a transmitter and an absorber. The transmission and absorption characteristics and temperature tunable properties of phase change metamaterials in the terahertz band were investigated. As the temperature of vanadium dioxide is varied between 20 °C and 80 °C, the device can switch between transmission and quad-band resonance absorption at the terahertz frequency range, with a high transmission rate of over 80% and a peak absorbance of 98.3%, respectively. In addition, when the device acts as an absorber, the proposed metamaterial device is tunable, and the modulation amplitude can reach 94.3%; while the device is used as a transmissive device, the modulation amplitude of the transmission peak at 81%. The results indicate that the proposed metamaterial device can promote the applications of terahertz devices, such as switching, modulation, and sensing.
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Pourmadadi M, Soleimani Dinani H, Saeidi Tabar F, Khassi K, Janfaza S, Tasnim N, Hoorfar M. Properties and Applications of Graphene and Its Derivatives in Biosensors for Cancer Detection: A Comprehensive Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12050269. [PMID: 35624570 PMCID: PMC9138779 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide, and there is a critical need for diagnostic platforms for applications in early cancer detection. The diagnosis of cancer can be made by identifying abnormal cell characteristics such as functional changes, a number of vital proteins in the body, abnormal genetic mutations and structural changes, and so on. Identifying biomarker candidates such as DNA, RNA, mRNA, aptamers, metabolomic biomolecules, enzymes, and proteins is one of the most important challenges. In order to eliminate such challenges, emerging biomarkers can be identified by designing a suitable biosensor. One of the most powerful technologies in development is biosensor technology based on nanostructures. Recently, graphene and its derivatives have been used for diverse diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Graphene-based biosensors have exhibited significant performance with excellent sensitivity, selectivity, stability, and a wide detection range. In this review, the principle of technology, advances, and challenges in graphene-based biosensors such as field-effect transistors (FET), fluorescence sensors, SPR biosensors, and electrochemical biosensors to detect different cancer cells is systematically discussed. Additionally, we provide an outlook on the properties, applications, and challenges of graphene and its derivatives, such as Graphene Oxide (GO), Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO), and Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs), in early cancer detection by nanobiosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrab Pourmadadi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (M.P.); (F.S.T.)
| | - Homayoon Soleimani Dinani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA;
| | - Fatemeh Saeidi Tabar
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417935840, Iran; (M.P.); (F.S.T.)
| | - Kajal Khassi
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran;
| | - Sajjad Janfaza
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (S.J.); (N.T.)
| | - Nishat Tasnim
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (S.J.); (N.T.)
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Mina Hoorfar
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (S.J.); (N.T.)
- School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
- Correspondence:
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9
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Graphene-Based Plasmonic Metamaterial Perfect Absorber for Biosensing Applications. ELECTRONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics11060930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Graphene as a mono-atomic sheet has recently grabbed attention as a material with enormous properties. It has also been examined for enhancing absorbance in the current plasmonic structure. This has led to an increment in the sensitivity of the plasmonic sensors. In this paper, we present theoretical investigation of the novel graphene-based plasmonic metamaterial perfect absorber for biosensing applications. The simulation study performs the analysis of the novel plasmonic metamaterial absorber structure by adding coatings of graphene sheets. Each sheet of graphene enhances absorbance of the structure. In this study, we demonstrate three layers of graphene sheets lead to perfect absorbance (100%) for multiple bands in the visible and near-infrared regions. Furthermore, we also computed the sensitivity of the graphene-based proposed structure by varying the refractive index (RI) of the sensing region from 1.33–1.36 with RI change of 0.01. Proposed fabrication steps for realization of the device are also discussed.
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Chou Chao CT, Chou Chau YF, Chiang HP. Biosensing on a Plasmonic Dual-Band Perfect Absorber Using Intersection Nanostructure. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:1139-1149. [PMID: 35036777 PMCID: PMC8757453 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Optical absorbers with multiple absorption channels are required in integrated optical circuits and have always been a challenge in visible and near-infrared (NIR) region. This paper proposes a perfect plasmonic absorber (PPA) that consists of a closed loop and a linked intersection in a unit cell for sensitive biosensing applications. We elucidate the physical nature of finite element method simulations through the absorptance spectrum, electric field intensity, magnetic flux density, and surface charge distribution. The designed PPA achieves triple channels, and the recorded dual-band absorptance reaches 99.64 and 99.00% nm, respectively. Besides, the sensitivity can get 1000.00 and 650 nm/RIU for mode 1 and mode 2, respectively. Our design has a strong electric and magnetic field coupling arising from the mutual inductance and the capacitive coupling in the proposed plasmonic system. Therefore, the designed structure can serve as a promising option for biosensors and other optical devices. Here, we illustrated two examples, i.e., detecting cancerous cells and diabetes cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ting Chou Chao
- Department
of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Fong Chou Chau
- Centre
for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Hai-Pang Chiang
- Department
of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
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11
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Asgari S, Fabritius T. Graphene-based dual-functional chiral metamirror composed of complementary 90° rotated U-shaped resonator arrays and its equivalent circuit model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23827. [PMID: 34903847 PMCID: PMC8668976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
An equivalent circuit model (ECM) using a MATLAB code to analyze a tunable two-layered graphene-based chiral dual-function metamirror, is proposed in this work. The investigated metastructure is composed of complementary U-shaped graphene resonator arrays in the terahertz (THz) region. The ECM analysis could be used for any two-layered chiral metastructure for any frequencies, containing resonators with a thickness less than λ/50. The characteristics of the proposed tunable metamirror were analyzed numerically using the finite element method (FEM) in CST Software to verify the ECM analysis. The proposed metamirror can be used in polarization-sensitive devices in the THz region with simpler biasing without a need for ion gels or similar. It works as a broadband TE and multiband (four bands) TM mirror in the 0.3-4.5 THz bandwidth with a strong linear dichroism (LD) response (up to 96%). The designed mirror is a dynamically tunable, dual-functional structure, requiring only 90° rotation of the incident electromagnetic fields to switch between broadband and multiband spectral behavior making it a promising candidate for future THz intelligent systems. The proposed ECM is in agreement with the FEM results. The ECM analysis provides a simple, fast, and effective way to understand the metamirror's behavior and guides for the design and analysis of graphene-based chiral metastructures in the THz region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayyeh Asgari
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Tapio Fabritius
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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12
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Chen Z, Mei J, Zhang Y, Tan J, Xiong Q, Chen C. Interface phonon polariton coupling to enhance graphene absorption. FRONTIERS OF OPTOELECTRONICS 2021; 14:445-449. [PMID: 36637752 PMCID: PMC9743906 DOI: 10.1007/s12200-019-0957-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Here we present a graphene photodetector of which the graphene and structural system infrared absorptions are enhanced by interface phonon polariton (IPhP) coupling. IPhPs are supported at the SiC/AlN interface of device structure and used to excite interband transitions of the intrinsic graphene under gated-field tuning. The simulation results show that at normal incidence the absorbance of graphene or system reaches up to 43% or closes to unity in a mid-infrared frequency range. In addition, we found the peak-absorption frequency is mainly decided by the AlN thickness, and it has a red-shift as the thickness decreases. This structure has great application potential in graphene infrared detection technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyao Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Junjie Mei
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jishu Tan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Qing Xiong
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Changhong Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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A Theoretical Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Structure with a High Quality Factor Using Two Circular Ring Resonators for Biomedical Sensing. INVENTIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/inventions6040078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metamaterial absorbers, on account of their inherent property of electromagnetic radiation absorption, have become a center of attraction for many researchers in recent times. This paper proposes a unique design of a terahertz metamaterial absorber that can be used to sense biomedical samples. The proposed design consists of two identical circular ring resonators (CRRs) made of aluminum on top of a gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate. On account of its high field confinement in the sensing regime, a near-to-perfect absorption rate of 99.50% is achieved at a frequency of 2.64 THz, along with a large quality factor (Q-Factor) of 44. The design is highly sensitive to the refractive index changes in the encompassing medium. Hence, the proposed absorber can be used as a refractive index sensor exhibiting a reasonable sensitivity of 1500 GHz/RIU and a figure of merit (FoM) of 25. The refractive index range has been varied in the range of 1.34 to 1.39. As many biomedical samples, including cancerous cells, reside within this range, the proposed sensor can be used for biomedical sensing applications.
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14
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Cao S, Wang Q, Gao X, Zhang S, Hong R, Zhang D. Monolayer-Graphene-Based Tunable Absorber in the Near-Infrared. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:1320. [PMID: 34832732 PMCID: PMC8625469 DOI: 10.3390/mi12111320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a tunable absorber composed of asymmetric grating based on a graphene-dielectric-metal structure is proposed. The absorption of the absorber can be modified from 99.99% to 61.73% in the near-infrared by varying the Fermi energy of graphene, and the absorption wavelength can be tuned by varying the grating period. Furthermore, the influence of other geometrical parameters, the incident angle, and polarization are analyzed in detail by a finite-difference time-domain simulation. The graphene absorbers proposed in this paper have potential applications in the fields of stealth, sense, and photoelectric conversion. When the absorber that we propose is used as a gas sensor, the sensitivity of 200 nm/RIU with FOM can reach up to 159 RIU-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qi Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd, Shanghai 200093, China; (S.C.); (X.G.); (S.Z.); (R.H.); (D.Z.)
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15
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Sun Y, Mu H, Liu C, Qiao J, Sun T, Chu PK. Enhancement of unidirectional forward scattering and suppression of backward scattering in hollow silicon nanoblocks. APPLIED OPTICS 2021; 60:8737-8743. [PMID: 34613099 DOI: 10.1364/ao.435987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating the light scattering direction and enhancing directivity are important research areas in integrated nanophotonic devices. Herein, a novel, to the best of our knowledge, nanoantenna composed of hollow silicon nanoblocks is designed to allow directional emission manipulation. In this device, forward scattering is enhanced and backward scattering is restrained substantially in the visible region. Owing to electric dipole resonance and magnetic dipole resonance in this nanoantenna, Kerker's type conditions are satisfied, and the directionality of forward scattering GFB reaches 44.6 dB, indicating good characteristics in manipulating the light scattering direction.
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16
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Design and Simulation of Terahertz Perfect Absorber with Tunable Absorption Characteristic Using Fractal-Shaped Graphene Layers. PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics8090375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Graphene material, due to its unique conductivity and transparency properties, is utilized extensively in designing tunable terahertz perfect absorbers. This paper proposes a framework to design a tunable terahertz perfect absorber based on fractal triangle-shaped graphene layers embedded into dielectric substrates with the potential for spectral narrowing and widening of the absorption response without the need for geometric manipulation. In this way, the absorption cross-section spectra of the suggested configurations are achieved over the absorption band. First, the defection impact on the single-layer fractal triangle-shaped graphene structure inserted in insulators of the absorber is evaluated. Then, a flexible tunability of the absorbance’s peak is indicated by controlling the Fermi energy. By stacking fractal graphene sheets as a double graphene layer configuration in both the same and cross-states positioning, it is demonstrated that the absorption characteristics can be switched at 6–8 THz with a stronger amplitude, and 16–18 THz with a lower intensity. The impact of changing the Fermi potentials of embedded graphene layers is yielded, resulting in a plasmonic resonance shift and a significant broadening of the absorption bandwidth of up to five folds. Following, the absorption spectra related to the fractal triangle-shaped structures consist of a multi-stage architecture characterized by a spectral response experiencing a multiband absorbance rate and an absorption intensity of over 8 × 106 nm2 in a five-stage perfect absorber. Ultimately, the variations of the absorbance parameter and plasmonic mode under rotating the graphene sheet are explored for single and double fractal triangle-shaped perfect configurations on the absorption band. The presented mechanism demonstrates the tunability of the absorption spectrum in terms of narrowing or broadening and switching the plasmonic resonance by configuring multi-stage structures that can employ a broad range of applications for sensory devices.
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Kitajima Y, Sakamoto H, Ueno K. Coupled plasmonic systems: controlling the plasmon dynamics and spectral modulations for molecular detection. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5187-5201. [PMID: 33687413 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr06681h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This review describes recent studies on coupled plasmonic systems for controlling plasmon dynamics and molecular detection using spectral modulations. The plasmon dephasing time can be controlled by weak and strong coupling regimes between the plasmonic nanostructures or localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) and the other optical modes such as microcavities. The modal coupling induces near-field enhancement by extending the plasmon dephasing time to increase the near-field enhancement at certain wavelengths resulting in the enhancement of molecular detection. On the other hand, the interaction between LSPR and molecular excited or vibrational states also modulates the resonance spectrum, which can also be used for detecting a small number of molecules with a subtle change in the spectrum. The spectral modulation is induced by weak and strong couplings between LSPRs and the electronic or vibrational states of molecules, and this method is sensitive enough to measure a single molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kitajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
| | - Hiyori Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
| | - Kosei Ueno
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
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18
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Yan Z, Tang C, Wu G, Tang Y, Gu P, Chen J, Liu Z, Huang Z. Perfect Absorption and Refractive-Index Sensing by Metasurfaces Composed of Cross-Shaped Hole Arrays in Metal Substrate. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 11:nano11010063. [PMID: 33383802 PMCID: PMC7823822 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Achieving perfect electromagnetic wave absorption with a sub-nanometer bandwidth is challenging, which, however, is desired for high-performance refractive-index sensing. In this work, we theoretically study metasurfaces for sensing applications based on an ultra-narrow band perfect absorption in the infrared region, whose full width at half maximum (FWHM) is only 1.74 nm. The studied metasurfaces are composed of a periodic array of cross-shaped holes in a silver substrate. The ultra-narrow band perfect absorption is related to a hybrid mode, whose physical mechanism is revealed by using a coupling model of two oscillators. The hybrid mode results from the strong coupling between the magnetic resonances in individual cross-shaped holes and the surface plasmon polaritons on the top surface of the silver substrate. Two conventional parameters, sensitivity (S) and figure of merit (FOM), are used to estimate the sensing performance, which are 1317 nm/RIU and 756, respectively. Such high-performance parameters suggest great potential for the application of label-free biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Yan
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Chaojun Tang
- Center for Optics and Optoelectronics Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Information Technology in Biological and Medical Physics, College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
- Correspondence: (C.T.); (J.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Guohua Wu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (G.W.); (Y.T.); (P.G.)
| | - Yumei Tang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (G.W.); (Y.T.); (P.G.)
| | - Ping Gu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (G.W.); (Y.T.); (P.G.)
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (G.W.); (Y.T.); (P.G.)
- Correspondence: (C.T.); (J.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhengqi Liu
- College of Physics Communication and Electronics, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
- Correspondence: (C.T.); (J.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhong Huang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing 210013, China;
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Metamaterials-Enabled Sensing for Human-Machine Interfacing. SENSORS 2020; 21:s21010161. [PMID: 33383751 PMCID: PMC7795397 DOI: 10.3390/s21010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Our modern lives have been radically revolutionized by mechanical or electric machines that redefine and recreate the way we work, communicate, entertain, and travel. Whether being perceived or not, human-machine interfacing (HMI) technologies have been extensively employed in our daily lives, and only when the machines can sense the ambient through various signals, they can respond to human commands for finishing desired tasks. Metamaterials have offered a great platform to develop the sensing materials and devices from different disciplines with very high accuracy, thus enabling the great potential for HMI applications. For this regard, significant progresses have been achieved in the recent decade, but haven’t been reviewed systematically yet. In the Review, we introduce the working principle, state-of-the-art sensing metamaterials, and the corresponding enabled HMI applications. For practical HMI applications, four kinds of signals are usually used, i.e., light, heat, sound, and force, and therefore the progresses in these four aspects are discussed in particular. Finally, the future directions for the metamaterials-based HMI applications are outlined and discussed.
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Asgari S, Fabritius T. Equivalent circuit model of graphene chiral multi-band metadevice absorber composed of U-shaped resonator array. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:39850-39867. [PMID: 33379526 DOI: 10.1364/oe.412107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have designed an equivalent circuit model (ECM) by use of a simple MATLAB code to analyze a single-layered graphene chiral multi-band metadevice absorber which is composed of U-shaped graphene resonator array in terahertz (THz) region. In addition, the proposed metadevice absorber is analyzed numerically by the finite element method (FEM) in CST Software to verify the ECM analysis. The proposed device which is the first tunable graphene-based chiral metadevice absorber can be used in polarization sensitive devices in THz region. It is single-layered, tunable, and it has strong linear dichroism (LD) response of 94% and absorption of 99% for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) electromagnetic waves. It has four absorption bands with absorption >50% in 0.5-4.5 THz : three absorption bands for TE mode and one absorption band for TM mode. Proposed ECM has good agreement with the FEM simulation results. ECM analysis provides a simple, fast, and effective way to understand the resonance modes of the metadevice absorber and gives guidance for the analysis and design of the graphene chiral metadevices in the THz region.
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21
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Tang F, Ye X, Li Q, Li H, Yu H, Wu W, Li B, Zheng W. Quadratic Meta-Reflectors Made of HfO 2 Nanopillars with a Large Field of View at Infrared Wavelengths. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061148. [PMID: 32545341 PMCID: PMC7353395 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces, being composed of subwavelength nanostructures, can achieve peculiar optical manipulations of phase, amplitude, etc. A large field of view (FOV) is always one of the most desirable characteristics of optical systems. In this study, metasurface-based quadratic reflectors (i.e., meta-reflectors) made of HfO2 nanopillars are investigated to realize a large FOV at infrared wavelengths. First, the geometrical dependence of HfO2 nanopillars' phase difference is analyzed to show the general principles of designing infrared HfO2 metasurfaces. Then, two meta-reflectors with a quadratic phase profile are investigated to show their large FOV, subwavelength resolution, and long focal depth. Furthermore, the two quadratic reflectors also show a large FOV when deflecting a laser beam with a deflecting-angle range of approximately ±80°. This study presents a flat optical metamaterial with a large FOV for imaging and deflecting, which can greatly simplify the optical-mechanical complexity of infrared systems, particularly with potential applications in high-power optical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Tang
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (Q.L.); (W.W.); (B.L.)
| | - Xin Ye
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (Q.L.); (W.W.); (B.L.)
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-153-9778-0786 (X.Y.); +86-183-2821-8958 (W.Z.)
| | - Qingzhi Li
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (Q.L.); (W.W.); (B.L.)
| | - Hailiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices & Integrated Technology, Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Haichao Yu
- Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215125, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Weidong Wu
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (Q.L.); (W.W.); (B.L.)
| | - Bo Li
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (Q.L.); (W.W.); (B.L.)
| | - Wanguo Zheng
- Research Center of Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Sichuan, China; (F.T.); (Q.L.); (W.W.); (B.L.)
- IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (W.Z.); Tel.: +86-153-9778-0786 (X.Y.); +86-183-2821-8958 (W.Z.)
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Chou Chau YF, Chou Chao CT, Huang HJ, Kooh MRR, Kumara NTRN, Lim CM, Chiang HP. Perfect Dual-Band Absorber Based on Plasmonic Effect with the Cross-Hair/Nanorod Combination. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10030493. [PMID: 32182902 PMCID: PMC7153243 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic effect using a cross-hair can convey strongly localized surface plasmon modes among the separated composite nanostructures. Compared to its counterpart without the cross-hair, this characteristic has the remarkable merit of enhancing absorptance at resonance and can make the structure carry out a dual-band plasmonic perfect absorber (PPA). In this paper, we propose and design a novel dual-band PPA with a gathering of four metal-shell nanorods using a cross-hair operating at visible and near-infrared regions. Two absorptance peaks at 1050 nm and 750 nm with maximal absorptance of 99.59% and 99.89% for modes 1 and 2, respectively, are detected. High sensitivity of 1200 nm refractive unit (1/RIU), figure of merit of 26.67 and Q factor of 23.33 are acquired, which are very remarkable compared with the other PPAs. In addition, the absorptance in mode 1 is about nine times compared to its counterpart without the cross-hair. The proposed structure gives a novel inspiration for the design of a tunable dual-band PPA, which can be exploited for plasmonic sensor and other nanophotonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Fong Chou Chau
- Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei; (M.R.R.K.); (N.T.R.N.K.); (C.M.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-F.C.C.); (H.-P.C.); Tel.: +673-7150039 (Y.-F.C.C.); +886-2-24622192 (ext. 6702) (H.-P.C.)
| | - Chung-Ting Chou Chao
- Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
| | - Hung Ji Huang
- Taiwan Instrument Research Institute, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Muhammad Raziq Rahimi Kooh
- Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei; (M.R.R.K.); (N.T.R.N.K.); (C.M.L.)
| | - N. T. R. N. Kumara
- Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei; (M.R.R.K.); (N.T.R.N.K.); (C.M.L.)
| | - Chee Ming Lim
- Centre for Advanced Material and Energy Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei; (M.R.R.K.); (N.T.R.N.K.); (C.M.L.)
| | - Hai-Pang Chiang
- Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan;
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-F.C.C.); (H.-P.C.); Tel.: +673-7150039 (Y.-F.C.C.); +886-2-24622192 (ext. 6702) (H.-P.C.)
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Wang J, Wang X, Hu ZD, Tang Y, Balmakou A, Khakhomov S, Liu D. Independent tunable multi-band absorbers based on molybdenum disulfide metasurfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:24132-24138. [PMID: 31657397 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05046a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we theoretically and numerically demonstrate a dual-band independently adjustable absorber comprising an array of stacked molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) coaxial nanodisks and a gold reflector that are separated by two dielectric insulating layers. The array plane functionality is explained by the dipole resonances with the MoS2 nanodisks. As a result, strong absorption is achieved at a wide range of incident angles under TE and TM polarizations. The structural parameters of the entire array and the carrier concentration in the MoS2 layers were varied to get the optimized absorption. The absorptance positioning can be adjusted by scaling the diameters of the MoS2 disks. We also proposed the array modification where nanodisks are replaced by a layer with nanoholes. The position of both absorptance peaks can be adjusted individually by changing the carrier concentration in the array. This structure can be useful for the design of chemical sensors, detectors or multi-band absorbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicheng Wang
- School of Science, Optoelectronic Engineering and Technology Research Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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24
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Lin G, Yang H, Deng Y, Wu D, Zhou X, Wu Y, Cao G, Chen J, Sun W, Zhou R. Ultra-compact high-sensitivity plasmonic sensor based on Fano resonance with symmetry breaking ring cavity. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:33359-33368. [PMID: 31878406 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.033359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Miniaturizing optical devices with desired functionality is a key prerequisite for nanoscale photonic circuits. Based on Fano resonance, an on-chip high-sensitivity sensor, composed of two waveguides coupling with a symmetry breaking ring resonator, is theoretically and numerically investigated. The established theoretical model agrees well with the finite-difference time-domain simulations, which reveals the physics of Fano resonance. Differing with the coupled cavities, the Fano resonance originates from the interference between symmetry-mode and asymmetry-mode in a single symmetry-broken cavity. The spectral responses and sensing performances of the plasmonic structure rely on the degree of asymmetry of cavity. In particular, the plasmonic sensor can detect the refractive index changes as small as 10-5, and the figure of merit (FOM) of symmetry-breaking cavity structure is 17 times larger than that of symmetrical cavity system. Additionally, the sensitivity to temperature of ethanol analyte achieves 0.701 nm/○C. Compared with the coupled cavities, the on-chip high-sensitivity sensor using a single cavity is more compact, which paves the way toward highly integrated photonic devices.
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Wang S, Yang H, Yi Z, Wang X. Enhanced photocatalytic performance by hybridization of Bi 2WO 6 nanoparticles with honeycomb-like porous carbon skeleton. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 248:109341. [PMID: 31382192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have assembled Bi2WO6 nanoparticles on the surface of honeycomb-like porous carbon skeleton (PCS) via a hydrothermal route to achieve a new type of PCS@Bi2WO6 hybrid composite photocatalysts. The PCS@Bi2WO6 hybrid structures are determined by SEM, TEM and XPS characterizations. UV-vis DRS investigation suggests an enhanced visible-light absorption of the PCS@Bi2WO6 composites. Transient photocurrent response, EIS and PL spectroscopy characterizations demonstrate that the composites exhibit an efficient separation of photoproduced electron/hole pairs. The photocatalytic performance of the composites were evaluated by using RhB as the model pollutant and simulated sunlight as the light source. It is revealed that the PCS@Bi2WO6 hybrid composites manifest much enhanced photocatalytic performance. The 5 wt%PCS@Bi2WO6 composite manifests the highest photocatalytic activity, which is ca. 2.1 times as large as that of bare Bi2WO6 nanoparticles. This can be mainly ascribed to two factors: (1) The photogenerated electron/hole pairs in Bi2WO6 are efficiently separated due to the electron transfer between Bi2WO6 and PCS; and (2) PCS induces enhanced visible-light absorption and the visible-light-excited electrons in PCS could also take part in the photocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| | - Zao Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Xiangxian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
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26
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Wang J, Yang L, Wang F, Liu C, Xu C, Liu Q, Liu W, Li X, Sun T, Chu PK. Fano resonances in symmetric plasmonic split-ring/ring dimer nanostructures. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:8069-8074. [PMID: 31674362 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.008069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of symmetric split-ring/ring dimer (SRRD) nanostructures composed of a small nanoring surrounded by an Ag splitting nanoring with a larger diameter are calculated theoretically. The apparent asymmetric Fano line shape in the spectra is related to fast switching of the bonding modes between the split-ring plasmon and ring dipole. The influence of the dimensions of the SRRD nanostructures on the spectral positions and intensity of Fano resonance is studied, and the asymmetric Fano line shape can be flexibly adjusted by varying the geometric parameters. In addition, relatively simple SRRD nanostructures have the same overall sensing figures of merit as conventional nanoparticles, thus rendering them suitable for high-performance optical sensors.
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27
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Zuo Z, Zhang S, Wang Y, Guo Y, Sun L, Li K, Cui G. Effective plasmon coupling in conical cavities for sensitive surface enhanced Raman scattering with quantitative analysis ability. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:17913-17919. [PMID: 31553019 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06561j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Conical silver nanocavity arrays are fabricated by directly depositing Ag on porous alumina templates with V-shaped nanopores. By controlling the thickness of deposited Ag, complete and cracked cavity arrays are constructed respectively. The cracked cavity arrays with the cavity wall consisting of Ag nanoparticles are demonstrated to exhibit higher surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity than the complete one. Numerical simulation reveals that an effective coupling of the cavity modes with the surface plasmons of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) generates a significantly enhanced local electric field on the cavity wall responsible for the high SERS activity. The optimized cavity array presents an enhancement factor (EF) of ∼7.4 × 106 and an excellent uniformity with a relative standard deviation (RSD) as small as ∼5% for rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules. Moreover, a good linear correlation between the logarithmic Raman intensity and the molecular concentration endows the array with quantitative analysis ability. These cavity arrays therefore are of great potential for qualitative and quantitative chemical and biomedical analysis with high sensitivity and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewen Zuo
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology (OEMST), School of Physics and Electronics Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China.
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Yan Y, Yang H, Yi Z, Xian T, Wang X. Direct Z-scheme CaTiO 3@BiOBr composite photocatalysts with enhanced photodegradation of dyes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:29020-29031. [PMID: 31388948 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06085-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To efficiently separate photoexcited electron/hole pairs is one of the key points for achieving excellent photocatalysts with high photocatalytic performances. To achieve this aim, here we have assembled CaTiO3 (CTO) nanoparticles onto BiOBr microplates, thus constructing novel Z-scheme CTO@BiOBr heterojunction composite photocatalysts. Observation by scanning/transmission electron microscopy confirms the good decoration of CTO nanoparticles (15-50 nm) on the surface of BiOBr microplates (diameter 0.7-2.2 μm, thickness 70-110 nm). Simulated sunlight was used as the light source, and rhodamine B (RhB) in aqueous solution was used as the model pollutant to assess the photodegradation activity of the samples. It is demonstrated that the CTO@BiOBr composites with an appropriate CTO content exhibit much enhanced photodegradation performances. In particular, the 10%CTO@BiOBr composite with a CTO mass fraction of 10%, which photocatalyzes 99.9% degradation of RhB at 30 min of photocatalysis, has a photocatalytic activity which is about 1.8 and 23.6 times larger than that of bare BiOBr microplates and CTO nanoparticles, respectively. This can be explained as the result of the Z-scheme electron transfer and efficient separation of photoexcited electron/hole pairs, as evidenced by photoluminescence, photocurrent response, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| | - Zao Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Tao Xian
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Xiangxian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
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NaBH4-Reduction Induced Evolution of Bi Nanoparticles from BiOCl Nanoplates and Construction of Promising Bi@BiOCl Hybrid Photocatalysts. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we have synthesized BiOCl nanoplates (diameter 140–220 nm, thickness 60–70 nm) via a co-precipitation method, and then created Bi nanoparticles (diameter 35–50 nm) on the surface of BiOCl nanoplates via a NaBH4 reduction method. By varying the NaBH4 concentration and reaction time, the evolution of Bi nanoparticles was systematically investigated. It is demonstrated that with increasing the NaBH4 concentration (at a fixing reaction time of 30 min), BiOCl crystals are gradually reduced into Bi nanoparticles, and pure Bi nanoparticles are formed at 120 mM NaBH4 solution treatment. At low-concentration NaBH4 solutions (e.g., 10 and 30 mM), with increasing the reaction time, BiOCl crystals are partially reduced into Bi nanoparticles, and then the Bi nanoparticles return to form BiOCl crystals. At high-concentration NaBH4 solutions (e.g., 120 mM), BiOCl crystals are reduced to Bi nanoparticles completely with a short reaction time, and further prolong the treatment time leads to the transformation of the Bi nanoparticles into a two-phase mixture of BiOCl and Bi2O3 nanowires. The photodegradation performances of the samples were investigated by choosing rhodamine B (RhB) as the model pollutant and using simulated sunlight as the light source. It is demonstrated that an enhanced photodegradation performance can be achieved for the created Bi@BiOCl hybrid composites with appropriate NaBH4 treatment. The underlying photocatalytic mechanism was systematically investigated and discussed.
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Yi Z, Li X, Wu H, Chen X, Yang H, Tang Y, Yi Y, Wang J, Wu P. Fabrication of ZnO@Ag 3PO 4 Core-Shell Nanocomposite Arrays as Photoanodes and Their Photoelectric Properties. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9091254. [PMID: 31484449 PMCID: PMC6780646 DOI: 10.3390/nano9091254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/1970] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we combine the methods of magnetron sputtering, hydrothermal growth, and stepwise deposition to prepare novel ZnO@Ag3PO4 core-shell nanocomposite arrays structure. Through scanning electron microscope (SEM) topography test, energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) element test and X-ray diffractometry (XRD) component test, we characterize the morphology, element distribution and structural characteristics of ZnO@Ag3PO4 core-shell nanocomposite arrays structure. At the same time, we test the samples for light reflectance, hydrophilicity and photoelectric performance. We find that after deposition of Ag3PO4 on ZnO nanorods, light reflectance decreases. As the time of depositions increases, light reflectance gradually decreases. After the deposition of Ag3PO4, the surface of the sample shows super hydrophilicity, which is beneficial for the photoelectric performance test. Through the optical transient response test, we find that the photo-generated current reaches a maximum when a small amount of Ag3PO4 is deposited. As the time of depositions of Ag3PO4 increases, the photogenerated current gradually decreases. Finally, we conducted an alternating current (AC) impedance test and also verified the correctness of the photocurrent test. Therefore, the structure is expected to be prepared into a photoanode for use in fields such as solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zao Yi
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Xin Li
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Hui Wu
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Xifang Chen
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China.
| | - Yongjian Tang
- Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
| | - Yougen Yi
- College of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Junqiao Wang
- School of Physics and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Pinghui Wu
- Research Center for Photonic Technology, Key Laboratory of Information Functional Material for Fujian Higher Education, Quanzhou Normal University, Fujian 362000, China.
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Liu Q, Sun J, Sun Y, Liu W, Wang F, Yang L, Liu C, Liu Q, Li Q, Ren Z, Sun T, Chu PK. Surface plasmon resonance sensor based on eccentric core photonic quasi-crystal fiber with indium tin oxide. APPLIED OPTICS 2019; 58:6848-6853. [PMID: 31503655 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.006848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A sensing device composed of an eccentric core photonic quasi-crystal fiber based on surface plasmon resonance is designed using indium tin oxide (ITO) as the sensitive materials. The ITO film is deposited on the outside surface of the fiber to excite plasmonic interactions and facilitate refractive index (RI) detection. This eccentric core structure makes the evanescent field coupled effectively with analyte to achieve higher sensitivity. The influence of RI and structural parameters of different analytes on sensor performance was calculated by the finite-element method. In the analyte RI range between 1.33 and 1.39, the wavelength sensitivity reaches 21,100 nm/RIU, and the average sensitivity of 8750 nm/RIU is achieved at a resolution of 4.739×10-6 RIU. The sensor has large potential in the detection of unknown RI analytes in the near-infrared region.
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Construction of a CQDs/Ag 3PO 4/BiPO 4 Heterostructure Photocatalyst with Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B under Simulated Solar Irradiation. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10090557. [PMID: 31450790 PMCID: PMC6780486 DOI: 10.3390/mi10090557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A carbon quantum dot (CQDs)/Ag3PO4/BiPO4 heterostructure photocatalyst was constructed by a simple hydrothermal synthesis method. The as-prepared CQDs/Ag3PO4/BiPO4 photocatalyst has been characterized in detail by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and photoelectrochemical measurements. It is demonstrated that the CQDs/Ag3PO4/BiPO4 composite is constructed by assembling Ag3PO4 fine particles and CQDs on the surface of rice-like BiPO4 granules. The CQDs/Ag3PO4/BiPO4 heterostructure photocatalyst exhibits a higher photocatalytic activity for the degradation of the rhodamine B dye than that of Ag3PO4, BiPO4, and Ag3PO4/BiPO4. The synergistic effects of light absorption capacity, band edge position, separation, and utilization efficiency of photogenerated carriers play the key role for the enhanced photodegradation of the rhodamine B dye.
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Di L, Xian T, Sun X, Li H, Zhou Y, Ma J, Yang H. Facile Preparation of CNT/Ag 2S Nanocomposites with Improved Visible and NIR Light Photocatalytic Degradation Activity and Their Catalytic Mechanism. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10080503. [PMID: 31366070 PMCID: PMC6723643 DOI: 10.3390/mi10080503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a series of carbon nanotubes (CNT)/Ag2S hybrid nanocomposites were successfully prepared by a facile precipitation method. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation indicates that Ag2S nanoparticles with an average particle size of ~25 nm are uniformly anchored on the surface of CNT. The photocatalytic activities of the CNT/Ag2S nanocomposites were investigated toward the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) under visible and near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. It is shown that the nanocomposites exhibit obviously enhanced visible and NIR light photocatalytic activities compared with bare Ag2S nanoparticles. Moreover, the recycling photocatalytic experiment demonstrates that the CNT/Ag2S nanocomposites possess excellent photocatalytic stability. The photoelectrochemical and photoluminescence measurements reveal the efficient separation of photogenerated charges in the CNT/Ag2S nanocomposites. This is the dominant reason behind the improvement of the photocatalytic activity. Based on active species trapping experiments, the possible photocatalytic mechanism of CNT/Ag2S nanocomposites for dye degradation under visible and NIR light irradiation was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Di
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Tao Xian
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Sun
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Hongqin Li
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Yongjie Zhou
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
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