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Rahman MA, Hasnain SMM, Pandey S, Tapalova A, Akylbekov N, Zairov R. Review on Nanofluids: Preparation, Properties, Stability, and Thermal Performance Augmentation in Heat Transfer Applications. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:32328-32349. [PMID: 39100289 PMCID: PMC11292633 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles play a crucial role in enhancing the thermal and rheological properties of nanofluids, making them a valuable option for increasing the efficiency of heat exchangers. This research explores how nanoparticle characteristics, such as concentration, size, and shape, impact the properties of nanofluids. Nanofluids' thermophysical properties and flow characteristics are essential in determining heat transfer efficiency and pressure loss. Nanoparticles with high thermal conductivity, such as metallic oxides like MgO, TiO2, and ZnO, can significantly improve the heat transfer efficiency by around 30% compared to the base fluid. The stability of nanofluids plays a crucial role in their usability. Various methods, such as adding surfactants, using ultrasonic mixing, and controlling pH, have been employed to enhance the stability of nanofluids. The desired thermophysical properties can be achieved by utilizing nanofluids to enhance the system's heat transfer efficiency. Modifying the size and shape of nanoparticles also considerably improves thermal conductivity, affecting nanofluid viscosity and density. Equations for determining heat transfer rate and pressure drop in a double-pipe heat exchanger are discussed in this review, emphasizing the significance of nanofluid thermal conductivity in influencing heat transfer efficiency and nanofluid viscosity in impacting pressure loss. This Review identifies a trend indicating that increasing nanoparticle volume concentration can enhance heat transfer efficiency to a certain extent. However, surpassing the optimal concentration can reduce Brownian motions due to higher viscosity and density. This Review offers a viable solution for enhancing the thermal performance of heat transfer equipment and serves as a fundamental resource for applying nanofluids in heat transfer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Atiqur Rahman
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute
of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Vignan’s
Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to be University),
Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522213, India
| | - S. M. Mozammil Hasnain
- Faculty
of Engineering and Applied Science, Usha
Martin University, Ranchi, 835103, India
| | - Shatrudhan Pandey
- Department
of Production and Industrial Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Anipa Tapalova
- Department
of Biology, Geography and Chemistry, Korkyt
Ata Kyzylorda University, Aiteke bi Str. 29A, Kyzylorda, 120014, Kazakhstan
| | - Nurgali Akylbekov
- Laboratory
of Engineering Profile “Physical and Chemical Methods of Analysis”, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University, Aiteke bi Str. 29A, Kyzylorda, 120014, Kazakhstan
| | - Rustem Zairov
- Aleksander
Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal
University, 1/29 Lobachevskogo
Str., Kazan, 420008, Russian Federation
- A.
E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific
Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov str., 420088 Kazan, Russian
Federation
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Bhattad A, Rao BN, Atgur V, Banapurmath NR, Sajjan AM, Vadlamudi C, Krishnappa S, Yunus Khan TM, Ayachit NH. Studies on Evaluation of the Thermal Conductivity of Alumina Titania Hybrid Suspension Nanofluids for Enhanced Heat Transfer Applications. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:24176-24184. [PMID: 37457476 PMCID: PMC10339332 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Extensive investigations were made and empirical relations were proposed for the thermal conductivity of mono-nanofluids. The effect of concentration, diameter, and thermal properties of participating nanoparticles is missing in the majority of existing thermal conductivity models. An attempt is made to propose a model that considers the influence of such missing parameters on the thermal conductivity of hybrid nanofluids. Al2O3-TiO2 hybrid nanofluids have a 0.1% particle volume concentration prepared with distinct particle volume ratios (k - 1:6 - k, k = 1 to 6) in DI water. The samples were characterized, and the size and shape of the nanoparticles were verified. Also, the influence of varying particle volume ratios and the fluid temperature (varying from 283 to 308 K) were examined. 2.4 and 2.1% enhancements were observed in the thermal conductivity of alumina (5:0) and titania (0:5) nanofluids (having 0.1% volume concentration), respectively. Due to the low thermal conductivity of titania nanoparticles, the conductivity of the hybrid solution is above that of titania and below that of alumina nanofluids. An empirical relation for the thermal conductivity of hybrid nanofluids is established and validated considering the individual particle size, volume ratio, and thermal conductivity of particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Bhattad
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah
Education Foundation, Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - B. Nageswara Rao
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah
Education Foundation, Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Vinay Atgur
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah
Education Foundation, Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, India
| | - Nagaraj R. Banapurmath
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, KLE Technological
University, Hubballi 580031, India
- Centre
of Excellence in Material Science, KLE Technological
University, Hubballi 580031, India
| | - Ashok M. Sajjan
- Centre
of Excellence in Material Science, KLE Technological
University, Hubballi 580031, India
- Department
of Chemistry, KLE Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India
| | - Chandramouli Vadlamudi
- Aerospace
Integration Engineer, Aerosapien Technologies, Daytona Beach, Florida 32114, United States
| | - Sanjay Krishnappa
- Aerospace
Integration Engineer, Aerosapien Technologies, Daytona Beach, Florida 32114, United States
| | - T. M. Yunus Khan
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Narasimha H. Ayachit
- Centre
of Excellence in Material Science, KLE Technological
University, Hubballi 580031, India
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The use of nanoparticles for high-efficiency CO2 capture by methanol. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Rheological behavior of dilute graphene-water nanofluids using various surfactants: An experimental evaluation. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zawawi NNM, Azmi WH, Ghazali MF, Ali HM. Performance of Air-Conditioning System with Different Nanoparticle Composition Ratio of Hybrid Nanolubricant. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1871. [PMID: 36363892 PMCID: PMC9696405 DOI: 10.3390/mi13111871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To reduce fuel consumption, the automotive air-conditioning (AAC) system's coefficient of performance (COP) needs to be improved. The use of a diverse selection of hybrid nanolubricant composition ratios is expected to improve the properties of single nanolubricants, resulting in improved AAC system performance. The goal of this study was to find the best combination of hybrid nanolubricants for the best performance of the AAC system. Al2O3-SiO2/PAG hybrid nanolubricants at 0.06% volume concentrations with various composition ratios (20:80, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 80:20) were investigated. An initial refrigerant charge of up to 155 g and a compressor speed of up to 2100 rpm were used in the experiment. The cooling capacity, compressor work, and COP of the AAC system were measured to determine its efficiency. The COP enhancement and compressor work reduction were recorded up to 16.31% and 18.65% for the 60:40 composition ratio, respectively. The maximum cooling capacity up to 75.84% was recorded for the 80:20 ratio, followed by 60:40. The maximum COP value of 8.81 for 155 g of hybrid nanolubricants was obtained at 900 rpm with a 60:40 composition ratio. Therefore, for optimal performance in the AAC system, a 60:40 composition ratio of the Al2O3-SiO2/PAG nanolubricant combination is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Nadia Mohd Zawawi
- Center for Research in Advanced Fluid and Processes, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia
| | - Wan Hamzah Azmi
- Center for Research in Advanced Fluid and Processes, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia
- Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Fairusham Ghazali
- Center for Research in Advanced Fluid and Processes, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia
- Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Ali
- Mechanical Engineering Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Afonso IS, Pereira J, Ribeiro AE, Amaral JS, Rodrigues N, Gomes JR, Lima R, Ribeiro J. Analysis of a Vegetable Oil Performance in a Milling Process by MQL Lubrication. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13081254. [PMID: 36014176 PMCID: PMC9416305 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we carried out a comparison between the dry machining of an aluminum block with conventional cutting oil and a block with vegetable oil. The two oils had different flow rates. Using the Taguchi method, it was possible to determine the matrices for optimizing the best parameters for each group of tests. Then, we studied the utility of using vegetable oil as a cutting lubricant. We found that the vegetable oil studied in this work had good properties in terms of reducing cutting temperatures but was less effective than conventional cutting oil in reducing the surface roughness of the machined part. Tribological tests were carried out to understand the influence of the selected lubricants in reducing friction and wear. After the sliding experiments, which were performed without lubrication in the presence of the same lubricants that were used in the machining tests and in the presence of distilled water, we concluded that vegetable oil has satisfactory lubricating properties that are similar to those of the conventional cutting fluid, indicating a potential for consideration as an effective alternative to the conventional cutting fluid, with economic, environmental, and health advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês S. Afonso
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - José Pereira
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - António E. Ribeiro
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Joana S. Amaral
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Nuno Rodrigues
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - José R. Gomes
- CMEMS–UMinho, Universidade do Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
- LABBELS–Associate Laboratory, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui Lima
- MEtRICs, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
- CEFT, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Rua Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Ribeiro
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Arora N, Gupta M. Experimental investigations on thermo-physical properties and stability of diamond-alumina based hybrid nanofluids. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2022.2090375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neeti Arora
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Munish Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
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A High Thermal Conductivity of MgO-H2O Nanofluid Prepared by Two-Step Technique. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the main goal is to study the impact of nanopowder volume concentration and ultrasonication treatment time on the stability and thermophysical properties of MgO-DW nanofluid at room temperature. The co-precipitation method was utilized to prepare pure MgO nanoparticles with an average particle size of 33 nm. The prepared MgO nanopowder was characterized by using XRD, SEM, and EDX analyses. Then, MgO-DW nanofluid was obtained with different volume concentrations (i.e., 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, and 0.25 vol.%) and different ultrasonication time periods (i.e., 45, 90, 135, and 180 min) by using a novel two-step technique. With volume concentration and ultrasonication time of 0.15 vol.% and 180 min, respectively, good stability was achieved, according to the zeta potential analysis. With increasing volume concentration and ultrasonication time period of the nanofluid samples, the thermal conductivity measurements showed significant increases. As a result, the maximum enhancement was found to be 25.08% at a concentration ratio of 0.25 vol.% and agitation time of 180 min. Dynamic viscosity measurements revealed two contrasting trends with volume concentration and ultrasonication time. The lowest value of relative viscosity was gained by 0.05 vol.% MgO-DW nanofluid. The chemical and physical interactions between MgO nanoparticles and DW molecules play an important function in determining the thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity of MgO-DW nanofluid. These findings exhibit that MgO-DW nanofluid has the potential to be used as an advanced heat transfer fluid in cooling systems and heat exchangers.
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Effect of the Aspect Ratio and Tilt Angle on the Free Convection Heat Transfer Coefficient Inside Al 2O 3-Water-Filled Square Cuboid Enclosures. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030500. [PMID: 35159844 PMCID: PMC8839379 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This experimental study provides a comprehensive investigation of natural convection heat transfer inside shallow square cuboid enclosures filled with aluminum oxide–water nanofluid at four different volume concentrations: 0.0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.8%. Two square cuboid enclosures were used with sizes 30 × 30 × H cm3, where H is the inside thickness of the enclosures. This led to two different enclosure aspect ratios (κ = H/30 = 0.033 and 0.066). Four inclination angles to the horizontal position of the enclosures were used: 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°. The crucial thermophysical properties of the synthetic nanofluid were obtained. The thermal conductivity of the nanofluid was measured experimentally at various volume concentrations. Furthermore, the viscosity and density were also measured experimentally at temperatures ranging from 15 to 40 °C as a function of the volume concentration. The heat transfer data were generated by heating the lower surface of the enclosure using a uniform flexible heat flux heater. The opposite surface was cooled using an air fan. The results of the experimental physical parameter measurements show that the percent of maximum deviation in thermal conductivity with those in the literature were 6.61% at a 1.0% volume concentration. The deviation of dynamic viscosity was between 0.21% and 16.36% at 0.1% and 1% volume concentrations, respectively, and for density it was 0.29% at 40 °C and a 1% volume concentration. The results showed up to a 27% enhancement in the Nusselt number at an angle of 60° and a 0.4% volume concentration in the largest aspect ratio (κ = 0.066). However, for the low aspect ratio enclosure (κ = 0.033), there was no noticeable improvement in heat transfer at any combination of volume concentration and inclination angle. The results show that the inclination angle is a significant factor in natural convection only for large aspect ratio enclosures. Furthermore, for large aspect ratio, the Nusselt number increased until the angle approached 60°, then it decreased again.
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